中考命题研究（遵义）2020中考英语 专题研究突破 专题八 动词练习（无答案）

专题八动词第一节动词的分类及辨析,中考五年命题规律及趋势考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值动词词义辨析202043实义动词词义辨析smiled/talked/cried1.5分202042实义动词词义辨析bought/ordered/made1.5分44实义动词词义辨析spend/cost/pay1.5分50实义动词词义辨析walked/stood/shouted1.5分202022实义动词词义辨析visited/called/found1分44实义动词词义辨析thanked/argued/loved1.5分202025实义动词词义辨析agreed/refused/replied1分43感官动词词义辨析watch/see/look1.5分45实义动词词义辨析keeping/losing/improving1.5分47实义动词辨析takes/spends/costs1.5分202022实义动词词义辨析by/catch/get1分31实义动词词义辨析take/spend/save1分41实义动词词义辨析dreamed/changed/learned1.5分43实义动词词义辨析to_make/to realized/to achieve1.5分48实义动词词义辨析had/let/kept1.5分遵义中考单项选择对动词的考查主要涉及动词(包括实义动词和感官动词)、动词短语、情态动词、非谓语动词(只考查动词不定式)。完形填空中也涉及实义动词词义辨析，而语篇填空、单词拼写、改错题中对动词的考查主要是和时态，语法及非谓语动词结合。预计2020年中考单选仍会从动词短语、情态动词、动词不定式方面来考查。完形填空主要考查动词词义辨析。,遵义中考重难点突破动词的分类实义动词是否接宾语及物动词不及物动词是否延续性延续性动词短暂性动词系动词助动词情态动词动词分类【考点抢测】()1._ everyone here today？Now lets begin the meeting.ABeBAreCIs()2.He _ pale at the meeting this morning.Agot Blooked Cturned()3.I _ go to bed until I finished my work.Adont Bdid Cdidnt()4.He _ an English club last year and has made great progress in English.Aprotected Bproduced Cjoined()5.I will meet Jane at the station.Please _ what time she will arrive.Acount Bchose Ccheck()6.It is helpful to _ a good habit of reading in language learning.Atake Bshow Cdevelop【满分点拨】动词按照含义及它们在句中的作用分为4类，即行为动词，也称实义动词，(连)系动词、助动词和情态动词。情态动词将在第三节中具体讲解。遵义中考侧重于实义动词的考查，偶尔也涉及感官动词的辨析。动词作为句子的核心成分，学生应重点掌握。1动词的分类(1)实义动词的用法(及物动词与不及物动词)实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。按其是否跟宾语分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)。及物动词及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思表达完整，如reach，ask，return，love，need。具体用法为：动词宾语。如：He reached Canada yesterday.他昨天到达加拿大。动词宾语宾语补足语。如：They asked me to go fishing with them.他们让我一起去钓鱼。I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园里玩。注意：带省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的常考动词有：make，let，have，see，watch，notice，hear等。动词间接宾语直接宾语。如：I will return the storybook to him.我准备把故事书还给他。注意：带双宾语的常考动词有：give，bring，buy，get，leave，lend，make，offer，pass，teach，tell，reach，return等。不及物动词不及物动词本身意思完整，无须接宾语，构成“主语谓语”的句型，如swim，come，go，run，travel等；如后面接宾语，必须与介词连用。如：Lucy is swimming.露西正在游泳。I am waiting for you at the school gate.我正在校门口等你。有些动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。如：We study English.我们学习英语。(及物)We study hard.我们学习努力。(不及物)(2)系动词的用法系动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。如：The food tastes delicious.那食物尝起来好吃。常考系动词的分类类别功能例词表示状态表示主语所处的状态am，is，are，was，were表示持续表示主语继续或保持某种身份和状态keep，remain，stay，stand，lie表示感官表示人体感官的系动词look，feel，smell，taste，sound表示状态变化表示主语从一种状态变换到另一种状态become，get，go，grow，turn常见用法的注意事项：一般情况下，系动词没有被动语态形式。表示状态的系动词一般不用于进行时(feel除外)；变化系动词表示“渐渐”，可用于进行时。如：Its getting warmer and warmer.天气渐渐变得暖和。(3)助动词的用法助动词本身没有意义或意义不完全，不能单独用作谓语。助动词在句中与实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态、人称和数。此外，还可以用来构成否定、疑问或强调的句型。具体用法见下表：分类作用beam/is/are现在分词现在进行时was/were现在分词过去进行时be过去分词被动语态do形式有do，does，did，用于构成疑问句和否定句，或用在动词前加强语气havehave/has过去分词现在完成时had过去分词过去完成时havebeen现在分词现在完成进行时will/shallwill/shall动词原形一般将来时would/should动词原形过去将来时【易错点提醒】will，would，shall，should除了表示单纯的将来时间以外，更多的是用作情态动词。(4)情态动词的用法(具体用法和习题详见本专题的第三节情态动词)2动词的基本形式英语动词有五种基本形式，即：动词原形、第三人称单数(现在时)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。规则动词的三种变化规律如下表：动词的结构第三人称单数过去式/分词现在分词一般情况v.s(works，reads)v.ed(stayed)v.ing(doing)以不发音的e结尾动词v.s(comes)v.d(moved)去e，再ing(moving)一个元音字母一个辅音字母结尾的重读音节v.s(plans stops)双写辅音字母，再加ed(planned)双写辅音字母，再ing(stopping)特殊情况以x、s、z、ch、sh、o结尾动词，v.es(goes)以辅音字母y结尾的动词，改y为i，再ed(studied)以ie结尾的动词，改ie为y，再ing(lying)动词辨析【考点抢测】一、词语运用joinwearsmellcost1We need to buy a computer that _ least and has the best quality.2Why are you _ a Tshirt？Youll probably catch a cold in this very cold weather.3Mum，this kind of fruit _ nice.Id like to taste one.二、单项选择()4.You are _ to type quickly when talking to each other on QQ so the other person doesnt get bored.Asuggested Bsupported Csupposed()5.His family are worried about him because they havent _ letters from him for a long time.Aaccepted Breceived Cwritten()6.Daisy is such a good daughter that she _ most of her spare time with her parents.Aspends Bcosts Ctakes()7.Dont forget to _ “Thank you！”when someone helps you.Atalk Btell Csay()8.The roof of the house needs repairing.Its raining now.Youd better get something to _ rain drops.Acontrol Bcover Ccatch()9.Oh，it _ so nice.What beautiful music it is!Asmells Bsounds Ctastes【满分点拨】分析遵义近几年的中考真题不难看出动词辨析是遵义中考的一个必考点。主要涉及实义动词辨析，感官动词辨析等。这种题目多会在单选和完形填空中出现。第二节动词短语,中考五年命题规律及趋势考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值动词短语202031set短语辨析set out/set off/set_up1分37动词短语辨析picked_him_up/cheered him up/put him up1.5分40make短语辨析making sure of/making_fun_of/making up of1.5分202021动词及动词短语辨析call in/give a ring for/telephone1分23动词短语辨析found_out/knew about/looked for1分24动词短语辨析break his word/keep_his_promise/close his mouth1分34put短语辨析put_it_down/put it off/put it out1分43动词短语辨析waiting_for/waiting in/waiting1.5分46动词短语辨析argue about/argue for/argue_with1.5分202030break短语辨析broken_down/broke off/broke up1分202021动词短语辨析lose money/make_money/spend money1分22动词短语辨析majors_in/deals with/does well in1分31动词短语辨析make_sure/find out/think of1分36动词短语辨析took off/took_away/took after1分41动词短语辨析thinks out/thinks_about/thinks over1.5分遵义中考单项选择题及完形填空题对动词短语的考查主要偏向take，set，put，break，make短语等。考查形式主要集中在三个方面：同一动词不同介词，如2020年31和40题的set和make短语，2020年35题的put短语；不同动词同一介词/名词，如：2020年第37题的up短语以及2020年21题的money短语；不同动词不同介词，如2020年的23题。设题形式为简单句。预测2020年遵义中考的单项填空题和完形填空题会考查动词短语辨析。,遵义中考重难点突破【考点抢测】()1.Its hot today，isnt it?Yes，it is.Why not _ your jacket?Atake careBtake placeCtake off()2.To keep healthy，many people _ every day.Atake a shower Btake prideCtake exercise()3.I have _ my watch everywhere.But I cannot find it.Alooked overBlooked upClooked for()4.There arent many tickets left for the concert，so youd better _ that you get one today.Amake sure ofBmake a decisionCmake sure()5.The firemen soon _ the big fire.Aput off Bput up Cput out()6.The Olympic Games of 2020 will _ in Brazil.Atake afterBtake offCtake place()7.Well _ an English play Snow White during this years Art Festival.Alook up Bput off Cput on()8.My bike is broken.Could you help me to _？Afix it up Bset it upCmake it up()9.The heavy snow _ the sports meeting，we have to _ the meeting.Apaid attention to；take offBdecided on；get offCmade a difference to；put off()10.Alice，could you help me _ the meat？I want to make some dumplings.OK.Ill do it right away.Aput up Bgive up Ccut up()11.Dont _ so often.Its bad for your health.Aget up Bstay up Clook up()12.He failed in the math test and looks sad.Lets _.Aput him up Bset him upCcheer him up()13.More and more students _ too much homework and they are really tired of it.Acomplain aboutBcare aboutClearn about()14.The people in Yaan have met lots of difficulties，but they havent _ hope.Apicked up Bgiven upClooked for()15.I am too tired.I dont know how to _ the problem.Acare about Bdeal withCdepend on【满分点拨】动词短语在意义上相当于一个实义动词。动词短语辨析是近年来各省市中考常考点。动词短语的词义辨析试题旨在通过题干或微型语境考查考生对上下文的理解、动词短语的不同搭配识别、记忆及动词短语词义的辨析并恰当运用动词短语的能力。分析遵义近5年中考真题可看出单项选择及完形填空对动词短语的考查主要集中在三方面：(1)同一动词不同介词/副词。如：get短语：get up，get off，get to，get inturn短语：turn on，turn off，turn up，turn down(2)不同动词同一介词/副词。如：cut down，look down，turn down，put downput up，get up，look up，wake up(3)不同动词不同介词/副词。如：put on，take off，look for，cut down第三节情态动词,中考五年命题规律及趋势考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值情态动词基本用法202030cant的用法cant/neednt/couldnt1分202030have to的用法can/may/have_to1分202033have to的否定用法you mustnt/you_dont_have_to/you cant1分情态动词表推测202037cant表示否定推测must not/may not/cant1分202029cant表示否定推测may/mustnt/cant1分情态动词为遵义历年的必考点，主要为其基本用法和否定推测，如：have to表示“不得不”，dont have to表示没必要，cant表否定推测和不能。特别是must的各种用法，如：must表肯定推测和强制命令。尤其注意在have to和must的问句中，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt或dont have to。may的问句中否定回答用cant或mustnt。同时，也涉及情态动词在被动语态中的运用。设题形式多为单句或对话形式。预计2020年遵义中考的单项选择题会出现一道考查情态动词基本用法的题，且偏向考查must的用法及其问句的答语。,遵义中考重难点突破【考点抢测】()1._ you sing an English song?Yes，I can.ACanBMayCMust()2.Theres only one day to go.You _ finish your schoolwork by tomorrow.Acan Bwill Cmust()3.Excuse me，sir.You _ open the door before the train stops.Amustnt Bneednt Cmay not()4.Honey，stay home before I return.I _，Mum.Amust Bcan Cwill()5.It _ be my book.My book has a signature of mine.Aneednt Bmustnt Ccant()6.That Tshirt _ be expensive because its designed by a famous designer.Acant Bmustnt Cmust()7.Ive headache.What _ I do?You _ stay at home and rest.Ashould；had betterBmust；canCmight；must()8.What will you _ do in the future?Acan Bbe able toCmay()9.Must he look after you?No，he _Amustnt Bdont have toCneednt【满分点拨】情态动词有一定的词义，本身并不表示动作或状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度。它在句中须和实意动词一起构成谓语。常见情态动词的用法情态动词用法例句can表示能力，意为“能、会”Sam can speak English well.Sam英语讲得很好。表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句She cant be at home now because I saw her out.她现在不可能在家，因为我看见她出去了。表示请求、允许，意为“可以”Can I borrow your bike？我能借你的自行车吗？couldcan的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力Lang Lang could play the piano well when he was young.郎朗很小的时候钢琴就弹得非常好。在疑问句中表示委婉的请求Could I have one cup of tea？我可以要一杯茶吗？must表示主观看法，意为“必须、应该”You must finish your homework first！你首先必须完成你的家庭作业！表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句，表示“一定”The coat must be Marys.这个大衣肯定是玛丽的。should/ought to意为“应该”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议We should protect the air fresh.我们应该保持空气清新。You ought to teach them carefully.你应该耐心地教导他们。may表示请求、许可，意为“可以”You may sit here if you want.如果你想的话，你可以坐在这儿。表示推测，常用于肯定句，意为“可能，也许”She may come back tomorrow.她可能明天回来。mightmay的过去式He asked if he might go home.他问是否他可以回家了。表示请求、许可，语气比may更委婉Might I smoke here？我可以在这里吸烟吗？表示推测(肯定句)，“可能、也许”(可能性比may小)It might rain tomorrow.明天可能有雨。need表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中You neednt say sorry to him.你不需要对他说对不起。情态动词的其他用法一、must和have tohave to表示因外部因素而使得某人“不得不”；must表示主观上感到“有必要”。此外，must只有一般现在时，表示“过去”通常用had to，表示将来要用will have to。have/has/had to动词原形，在改否定句或疑问句时要外加助动词do/does/did。如：Does she have to stay at home and look after her sick mother？她得待在家里照顾她生病的妈妈吗？Must I go there with you？我必须和你去那儿吗？二、can和be able to两者表“能力”时用法相同，但can只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式，其他时态要用be able to来表示。另外，be able to常常有“做成了某事”的意味。Jim c