第九章+被动语态.ppt

第九章动词语态,动词的语态语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；Thecatcaughtthemouse.主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。Themousewascaughtbythemouse被动语态构成形式：用于十种时态。.,被动语态的用法：,1、当不知道或不必知道动作的执行者时，例：,2、当强调动作的承受者时，例：,3、下列动词附带状语修饰时，用主动形式表达被动含义：sell,read,wash,burn,clean,run,ride等，例：,Suchfilmsareproducedforchildren.,Theschoolisrunbythetradeunion.,Thetelegramreadsasfollow.,4、当begin,end,stop,open,close,shut,operate等动词表示“开始，结束，关，停，转，启动”等意义时，主动形式表达被动含义。例：,Thelibraryclosesatsixp.m.,5、当breakout,takeplace,shutoff,turnoff,workout等词组表示“发生，关闭，制订”等意义时，主动形式表达被动含义，例：,Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully.,6、当print,build,burn,show等词用于进行时态时，其主动形式表示被动含义，例：,7、seat,lose,charge,engage,drink,dress等词常用主动形式表示被动含义，例：,Thefilmisshowingintown.,Thegirlwaslostinthewoods.=Thegirlloseherselfinthewoods.Thesingerwasdressedinwhiteshortskirt.=Thesingerdressedherselfinawhiteshortskirt.,典型考题,1）Yourhairwants_.Youdbetterhaveitdonetomorrow.A.CutB.tocutC.cuttingD.beingcut,C.英语中sth.Wants/needs+doing结构表示被动含义。,2）Thefifthgenerationcomputers,withartificialintelligence,_andperfectednow.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped,Theteacheraskedthestudentstothinkbythemselves.Ihaveseenachimpuseastickasatooltoeattermites.Hetoldmewhentheaccidenthappened.Theyshouldcriticizemeforthat.Weoftenrefertothosebooks.Thenursetakesgoodcareofthechildren.,1）若宾语补足语是不带to的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。此类动词为感官动词。feel,hear,help,listento,lookat,make,observe,see,notice,watch,Theteachermademegooutoftheclassroom.-Iwasmadetogooutoftheclassroom(bytheteacher).Wesawhimplayfootballontheplayground.-Hewasseentoplayfootballontheplayground.2）情态动词+be+过去分词，构成被动语态Coalcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityforagricultureandindustry.,3).表示据说或相信的词组believe,consider,declare,expect,feel,report,say,see,suppose,think,understandItissaidthat据说Itisreportedthat据报道Itisbelievedthat大家相信Itishopedthat大家希望Itiswellknownthat众所周知.,Itisthoughtthat大家认为Itissuggestedthat据建议Itistakengrantedthat被视为当然Ithasbeendecidedthat大家决定Itmustberememberthat务必记住的是ItissaidthatshewillleaveforWuhanonTuesday,4.besupposedto1.besaidto据说Heissupposedtohavestolen$1,000.2.计划，安排Thetrainwassupposedtoarriveat11:30,butitwas40minuteslate.3.benotsupposedto表示不允许等Yourenotsupposedtoparkhere.,5.动词get代替beTherewasafightatthepub,butfortunatelynobodygothurt.Didanyofthesehousesgetdamagedinthestormlastnight,1)Itissaidthatanewrobot_byhiminafewdays.A)designedB)hasbeendesignedC)willbedesignedD)willhavebeendesigned2)Wearelate.Iexpectthefilm_bythetimewegettothecinema.A)willalreadyhavestartedB)wouldalreadyhavestartedC)shallhavealreadystartedD)hasalreadybeenstarted,C,A,3)Shewillstopshowingoffifnonotice_ofher.A)istakenB)takesC)willbetakenD)hastaken4)Diamond_inBrazilin1971.A)isfoundB)hasbeenfoundC)wasfoundD)hadbeenfound,A,C,5)“Haveyoumovedintothenewflat?”“Notyet.Theroom_.”A)hasbeenpaintedB)ispaintedC)paintsD)isbeingpainted6)Mypictures_untilnextFriday.A)wontdevelopB)arentdevelopedC)dontdevelopD)wontbedeveloped,D,D,7)Tim_sincehelosthisjobthreeweeksago.A)hadbeenunemployedB)wasunemployedC)hasbeenunemployedD)hasunemployed8)Agreatnumberofcollegesanduniversities_since1949.A)hasbeenestablishB)havebeenestablishedC)haveestablishedD)hadbeenestablished,C,B,9)Illhavetopushthecartothesideoftheroadbecausewe_ifweleaveithere.A)wouldbefinedB)willbefinedC)willbeingfinedD)willhavebeenfined10)“_twoticketsforthenewplayattheGrandTheatreonSaturday.Shallwegoandseeittogether?”A)TheyhavebeengivenB)IhavebeengivenC)IamgivenD)Theyhavegiventome,B,B,11)Thesubjectoftheselectures_bythelecturecommittee.A)isannouncedB)havebeenannouncedC)areannouncedD)hasbeenannounced12)Ifoundanaspirinbottle_droppedonthefloorofDavidsroom.A)wasB)hadC)hadbeenD)is,D,C,13)Thegoods_whenwearrivedattheairport.A)werejustunloadingB)werejustbeenunloadingC)hadjustunloadedD)werejustbeingunloaded14)Ifone_bypride,hewillrejectusefuladviceandfriendlyassistance.A)overcomesB)isovercomeC)hasbeenovercomeD)overcome,D,B,15)Mostenvironmentproblemsexistbecauseadequatemeasuresforpreventingthem_takeninthepast.A)wasnotB)werenotC)werenotbeingD)hadnotbeen16)Yououghttohaveputthemilkintherefrigerator,now_sour.A)IsmellB)itissmeltC)itsmellsD)itissmelling,B,C,17)Aftertherace_,thecelebrationbegan.A)hadbeenwonB)iswonC)willbewonD)hasbeenwon18)Hewashereforalittlewhile,butIdontknowwherehe_now.A)isB)wasC)hadbeenD)hasbeen,A,A,19)Theyoungteacherhas_competent.A)beenprovedtobeB)provedtobeC)beenprovedD)provedbeing20)Pluto,theoutermostplanetofthesolarsystem,_photographicallyinMarch1930.A)discoveredB)wasdiscoveredC)bydiscoveryD)whendiscovered,B,B,21)Togetabetterviewofthestage,_.A)ourseatshadtobechangedB)ourseatswerechangedC)wehadtochangeourseatsD)ourseatswerechangedbyus22)Aftersynthetic_,engineershadabetterchoiceofmaterial.A)createdB)hascreatedC)hasbeencreatedD)hadbeencreated,C,D,24)Since1970,millionsofenthusiasts_VitaminC,whichtheybelievecanremedythecommoncold.A)havetakenB)havebeentakenC)havebeentakingD)havebeentaking,C,25)Idontremember_thechancetotrythismethod.A)havingbeengivenB)tohavebeengivenC)havinggivenD)tohavegiven26)Wecouldasksomeonetodotheworkprivatelywithoutit_.A)knowB)beknownC)beingknownD)tobeknown,C,A,27)Theconstructionofthelaboratory_bytheendofnextmonth.A)mustbecompletedB)musthavebeencompletedC)willbecompletingD)willhavebeencompleting28)TheywouldtellhowtheAfrican_onashiptoanAmericanport.A)wasbroughtB)couldhavebeenbroughtC)hadbeenbroughtD)wastobebrought,A,C,29)Hedoesnotpossessabicycle,thisoneheuses_toPeter.A)isbelongedtoB)belongedC)belongsD)isbelonging30)Negotiation_againwithMoscowtomorrow,agreateventwillbediscussedthen.A)istobeopenedB)isonthepointofopeningC)isgoingtoopenD)opens,C,A,31)Thereasonforallthechangesbeingmade_tousyet.A)hasnotexplainedB)hasnotbeenexplainedC)didnotexplainedD)werenotexplained32)Experimentsinthephotographyofmovingobjects_inboththeUnitedStatesandEuropewellbefore1900.A)wereconductingB)wereconductedC)hadbeenconductedD)hadconducted,B,C,33)Whenheturnedthecorner,hefoundhimself_byamaninblack.A)tailedB)beentailedC)wastailedD)hadbeentailed34)Acandidateforthedemocraticpresidentialnomination_atthismoment.A)isinterviewingB)beinginterviewedC)