江苏省东台市头灶镇中学中考英语二轮复习课时方案 句子类型和句子成分（无答案） 牛津版（通用）VIP

江苏省东台市头灶镇中学中考英语二轮复习课时方案 句子类型和句子成分（无答案） 牛津版专题内容：第 八 课时（总第 42 课时）复习目标：1. 句子的类型2. 句子成分导学活动（以达成复习目标作为贯穿全课活动的一根“红线”，从助你补缺、给你定标、请你点击、引你运用、为你指点、推你提升等6个环节去设计整个教学过程）：复习研讨：Task 1 :句子的类型按使用的目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。陈述句：陈述事实，说明看法。其一般语序为“主语+谓语动词/主语+联系动词+表语”。如：The earth travels around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转）【说明事实】The story is interesting.（这个故事和有趣）【说明看法】陈述句分为肯定式和否定式两种。否定句的构成：如果句子的谓语动词是be , h ave或其他助动词或情态动词，他们之后加not 构成否定形式。行为动词一般现在时的否定形式为”dont(doesnt)+动词原形“；行为动词一般过去时的否定形式为”didnt+动词原形“。其他否定词，如no , none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, neither, never, hardly等也可以构成陈述句的否定式。【中考链接】（1）Look! Jack and his monkey _ flying disk together in the garden. （2020山东临沂）A. is playing B. was playing C. are playing D. were playing（2）Many trees and flowers _ in our city every year. （2020桂林）A. plantedB. are plantedC. were plantedD. plants疑问句：提出问题。有以下四种：1一般疑问句一般疑问句需要用yes或no来回答，其基本结构为：助动词+主语+谓语。Does she go to school every day?(她每天去上学吗？)Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.(是的，她是/不，她不是。)【中考链接】（1）Must we leave now?（2020北京）No, we _. We still have two more hours.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D.shouldnt（2） Could you please pass me the book? （2020山东青岛）A. Yes, I could B. No, I couldntC. Sure. Here you are D. No, thats no problem（3） Have you ever been to Nanning? Yes, _ . （2020桂林）A. I was B. I doC. I amD. I have否定疑问句的答语否定疑问句的结构通常为：Be/情态动词/助动词+not 的缩写形式开头的。表示请求或看法或者惊讶等。其答语和汉语结构不一样。如：Arent you a student?（你不是一名学生吗？）-Yes,I am.（不，我是）-No,I am not.(是的，我不是)【中考链接】-Isnt he a teacher?-_,he _ He teaches us English.A.No, is B.No, is C. Yes, is D.Yes, isnt2.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句的一般结构为：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where do you live?(你住哪儿？)关于特殊疑问句要注意：特殊疑问词的选择what意为“什么”，对事情、行为和职业等提问。which意为“哪个，哪些”，对事或人提问。who意为“谁”，对人提问。whose意为“谁的”，对人或物提问.when意为“什么时候”，对时间提问。where意为“哪里”，对地点提问。why意为“为什么”，对原因提问。how意为“怎么样”，对方式或程度提问。【中考链接】(1)-_ do you go to the English club?（20 11浙江温州）Once a week.A. How old B. How often C. How much D. How many（2）_ is it to your home town from here? （2020无锡） Well, it takes a little over three hours to get there by coach.A. How soon B. How much C. How long D. How far（3）_ is that man over there? -He is Dicks uncle.（2020重庆）A. Where B. What C. Who D. Which(4)_ has your uncle _ the village? (2020凉山)Since 1999.He is in Shanghai now.A. How long; been away from B. When; been away from C. How long; left. (5)_ will your English teacher come back? (2020凉山)In two days.A. When B. How long C. How soon3.选择疑问句的两种结构：“一般疑问句+or+（省略的）一般疑问句”和“特殊疑问句+两个或两个以上选项”。如：Is your friend a boy or a girl?(你的朋友是个男孩还是女孩？)Will you go there tonight or tomorrow?（你是今晚还是明天去那儿？）Which city have you been to, Beijing or Shanghai?(你曾经去过北京还是上海？)【中考链接】Does he teach Chinese or Japanese?_. He is our Japanese teacher.A.Yes,he does B.No, he doesnt C.He teaches Chinese D.He teaches Japanese4.反意疑问句是由“陈述句+附加问句”构成。附加问句的主语要与陈述句的主语相对应，如果陈述句的主语是名词词组，那么附加问句的主语要用相应的代词表示。附加问句的动词一般也要与陈述部分的动词相对应。如:They are students, arent they?（他们是学生，不是吗？）He gets up early every day, doesnt he?（他每天起得早，不是吗？）Simon and his brother watched TV last night,didnt they?(西蒙和他的弟弟昨晚看电视了，不是吗？)Lets go home together ,shall we?(让我们一起回家好吗)Nancy has never been to America, has she?(南希从未去过美国，对吗？)当陈述句中含有表示否定的代词或形容词，如nothing, none, no one, nobody, neither, few, little等，或含有表示否定的副词never,hardly是，则附加疑问句只能有肯定式。如：Linda has never been to Beijing,has she?You can hardly see the blackboard clearly,can you?【中考链接】(1)Tom didnt go to school this morning, did he? (2020四川达州) .Though he had a bad cold.A. Yes, he didnt B. Yes, he did C. No, he didnt D. No, he did(2) It looks like rain, _ it ? (2020广西北海)Yes, it does. And I forgot my umbrella.A. is B. does C. isnt D. doesnt3). 祈使句;用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子。祈使句的主语一般时（听话人）,通常省略，其谓语动词一律用动词原形。a.祈使句的肯定形式Come here!过来！Open your books!翻开课本Be careful!小心！b.祈使句的否定形式Dont talk in class.(不要在课堂上讲话。)c.Lets祈使句型表示建议Let me help you.（让我帮你。）这种祈使句的否定结构是在lets后加not. 如Lets not go now.(我们现在先别走。)【中考链接】(1)_ smoke here, dad. Smoking has been banned in public places. （2020桂林）A. Dont beB. DontC. Not to beD. Be not(2) exercising, and youll be healthier.（2020黑龙江）A. Keep B. To keep C. Keeping4). 感叹句：感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶、赞美等情感。英语感叹句常用“what”和“how”引导。.What引导的感叹句a. What +a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语。如：What a beautiful picture (it is)!【多么漂亮的一幅画啊！】b.What +形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语。如：What interesting stories （they are）!多有趣的故事啊!What bad weather( it is)!多糟糕的天气啊！How 引导的感叹句how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。如：How tall the tree is!(这棵树真高啊！)How fast the horse is running!（这匹马跑的真快啊！）how +陈述句（主语+谓语）。如：How I miss you!（我多么想念你啊！）How she loves her daughter!（他多么爱自己的女儿啊!）how+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语=谓语。如：How beautiful a girl (she is )!她是个多漂亮的女孩啊！【中考链接】(1)- _ nice day it is today! Lets go out to play, shall we?( 2020四川德阳)- Thats a good idea.A. How a B. What aC. How D.What(2) _ the little girl looks!（2020浙江） Thats true. She cant find her Teddy Bear.A. How sad B. What sad C. What sadly D. How sadly(3) dangerous it is to play soccer on a busy road! （2020黑龙江）A. How B. What C. What a(4). cute the monkeys are when they ask for food! (2020佛山)A. HowB. WhatC. What a5). 倒装句a. There be句型There be 句型是一个典型的倒装句。它表示“某处有某物”，主语是be 动词后面的名词。There is a river near our school.(我们学校附近有一条河。)b. 以so/neither/nor开头的句子，说明前面的内容也适用于后者时，用倒装句“so/neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语”。He has been to Dalian,and so have I.（他去过大连，我也去过。）【中考链接】 Its an exciting movie. Ive just seen it. ( 2020四川德阳)- _.A. So do IB. So I haveC. So have ITask2：句子成分句子成分可以分为主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。1. Subject(主语)：一般由名词（或相当于名词的词、短语或从句）、代词等 充当。表示“谁或什么”：You worry too much at times. A year is divided into 12 different star signs.2. Predicate(谓语):一般位于谓语之后，有简单的动词或动词短语构成。说明主语“做什么，是什么或怎么样”：Mr Wang doesnt teach them English. My grandpa ofen walks in the park.3. Predicative(表语)：说明主语的性质、特征、身份等，一般由名词（或相当于名词的词、短语或从句）、形容词、副词或介词短语等充当：The mooncake tastes delicious.4. Object （宾语）：一般谓语动词之后，表示动作、行为的对象。一般由名词（或相当于名词的词、短语或从句）、代词等充当，和及物动词一起说明主语“做什么”。它有直接宾语和间接宾语之分。如：You enjoy life. You buy your friends nice gift.5. Object complement（宾语补足语）:一般位于名词或代词之后，用来补充说明宾语的情况。一般由名词短语、形容词短语或介词短语等充当：Too much homework keeps us busy all day.6. Attributive（定语）：用来修饰名词或代词，起限定作用。通常由形容词、代词、名词、介词短语以及从句等来表示：You are a hard-working person, Tom bought a used car.7. Adverbial（状语）：用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等，通常由副词、介词短语或从句等来表示：You dont give up easily. I saw an old friend of mine on my way to the cinema.【中考链接】（1）Lily is a beautiful girl.A. predicative B. attributive C. adverbial D. direct object(2).You are selfish at time.A. predicative B. attributive C. adverbial D. direct object(3) A year is divided into 12 different star signsA.subject B.object C. attributive D. predicative3. Do exercises (见随堂检测Part Three)当堂训练： 选择。（ ）1.Are you going to the picnic with us tonight?Yes.You wont be late,_? A. should you B. will you C.dont you D.can you( ) 2.There id enough food for the birds,isnt _?No. We need to get some. A. it B.there C.that D.this( ) 3.Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning,_?No,she got up too late. A. had she B.hadnt she C.did she D.didnt she( ) 4.Your brother doesnt get up early,does he?-。 But he gets up late on weekends. A.Yes, he does B.No, he doesnt C.Yes, he doesnt D.No, he does( )5.Erics never seen a three-D movie at the cinema,_? A. hasnt he B. has he C.isnt he D.is he( )6.How about surfing on the Internet this evening?_, but Ill be busy with tomorrows exam. A.Thats right B. I can C.It sounds great D.No, Im terribly sorry( )7-Are you going to borrow a dictionary or a magazine? A. Yes, dictionary B.No, a magazine C.A magazine D.Yes, both ( )8.-Would you come to the party tonight?-Yes, _. A.I would be B.I like C. I do D.Id like to( )9.-_will the supper be ready? I am very hungry.-In a minute. A.How soon B.How long C.How much D.How often( )10._wonderful time we have had! A. How B. How a C. What D. What a( )11.-Excuse me,sir. Do you have the time?-_. A.Yes, I do B. No problem C.Half past twelve D. Certainly, I have( )12._hard work it is! A. How B.What C. What a D. What an( )13.Have you heard the latest news? -No, what_? A.is it B. is there C. are they D.are those( )14._sleep too late. Its bad for your health. A.Do B. Not C. Dont D. Please not( )15.Lets search the Internet for some information about famous people,_? A. will you B. wont you C. shall we D. will we( )16. There is nothing wrong with the computer,_? A. is it B. isnt it C. is there D.isnt there( )17.-_weather! Its raining!-Bad luck ! We cant go climbing today. A. What bad B.How bad C.What a bad D.How a bad( )18.-Your skirt is really beautiful,_? -Silk. A.Where did you buy B.How much is it C.What size is it D.Whats it made of( )19.-Guess_ I did yesterday? -I think you went to a party