英语人教版 细节理解题

,初中阅读理解细节题解题技巧,授课老师：黄文婷,什么是细节题？,1,细节题的分类？,2,如何解答细节题？,3,内容大纲,2012年01月21日星期四天气：晴盼望着，盼望着。春节的脚步近了，我的心儿沸腾了。除夕前一天，我和爸爸去集市上制办年货。集上可热闹了，空气中充斥着叫卖声，讲价声和欢笑声。到处人来人往，挤来挤去。我和爸爸在喧腾的人群中穿行。年集上的货物样样俱全，猪肉、羊肉、春联、日历、水果、鸡、鱼无所不有。我和爸爸跑着跑那，忙了一上午，才把年货买齐。我边吃边逛，边卖边吃。脸上满是兴奋与喜悦。,“我”和谁一起去办年货？去了哪里？什么时候去的？,什么是细节题？,在文章中直接或间接地找到与答案相关的信息！,为什么要学习细节题解题技巧?,5W1H,是非题,排序题,细节题的类别,间接信息题,直接信息题,who,where,when,what,why,how,5W1H,间接信息题,直接信息题,同义替换,词性变换,计算题,化繁为简,Whoinventedthesportofbadminton?Whatisthecheapestwaytogettotheparty?Whydidthebuilderbuildthebridge?.,设问方式,whatsthemainideaofthepassage?,LuXunmovedtoShanghaibecause_.,如何解答5W1H题？,定位原文,如何解答5W1H题？,分析选项,定位原文,找关键词！,题干中的直接信息,出现次数少的专有名词,同义改写,词性与结构转换,WhenisWorldToiletDay?,Whichmovieisaboutawomangangster?,WhatwouldBendowhensomeonewasillinthefamily?,sick,WhatmadesomepeopledifferentfromothersaccordingtoConfucius?,setmenapart,Doyouneedfriends?ImsureyouranswerisYes,ofcourse.Everybodydoes!Youneedfriendswhenyouplayandwhenyouwork.Ifyouhavefriends,youwillfeelhappy.Ifyouhavenofriends.youwillfeellonely(寂寞的).Doyouknowhowtomakefriends?ThereisonlyonegoodwayYoumakefriendsbybeingfriendly.Afriendlypersonisinterestedinotherpeople.HeisalwayshelpfulIfyouwanttomakefriendswithanewclassmate,youcantalkwithhim,tellhimabouttheotherclassmatesinyourclassandtryyourbesttobehelpfultohim.,Ifwewanttomakefriends,weshould_.A.bepolitelytothemB.befriendlytothem.C.beafraidofthemD.whenwetalkwiththem.,AfterworkingforseveralyearsasateacherinBeijing,LuXunagainreturnedtowriting.In1918,hewrotehisfamousshortstoryDiaryofaMadman.ItwasthefirstChinesenovelpublishedusingtheeverydaylanguagethatpeoplespoke,whichhelpedmakeitagreatsuccess.This,togetherwithhisnovelTheTrueStoryofAhQ(1921),madeLuXunaleadingChinesewriter.,1.Accordingtothepassage,whywasLuXunsstoryDiaryofaMadmamsopopular?A.ItwasbasedonLuXunsdiary.B.Itwasthefirstnoveltouseeverydaylanguage.C.Itsstorytookplaceinmoderntimes.D.Itwaswrittenusingawesternstyle.,分析选项,正确项,同义替换词性变换化繁为简,干扰项,内容扩大缩小改变时态，未然当已然无中生有，主观臆想偷换概念，张冠李戴文不对题，答非所问,直接信息题,回到原文找到答案，不需要对信息加工的,直接信息题,In1816,PercyShelleyand19-year-oldMaryShelleyvisitedthepoetLordByronathishomeinSwitzerland.Becauseofthebadweathertheystayedindoorsreadinghorrorstories.Onenight,Byronaskedeveryonetowritetheirownstory.MaryShelleythoughtofherdreamandwrotethestoryFrankenstein.,WherewasMaryShelleywhenshewrotethestoryFrankenstein?A.InEngland.B.InItaly.C.InSwitzerland.D.InFrance.,直接信息题,MrSmithmademanytests(作试验)withdifferentanimalsandthemonkeywasthecleverestofalltheanimals.OnedayMrSmithputamonkeyinaroom.Healsoputsomesmallboxesinit.Inoneoftheboxestherewassomefood.Howlongwillittakethemonkeytofindthefood?MrSmithsaidtohimself.Letmewaitandsee.Helefttheroomandwaitedoutside.Threeminuteslater,heputhiseyetothekeyhole(钥匙眼).Whatdidhesee?Hesawtheeyeofthemonkey.ThemonkeywasontheothersideofthedoorandlookedatMrSmiththroughthekeyhole.,MrSmithmadetestswith_.A.differentanimalsB.themonkeyonlyC.allthemonkeysD.allofthecleverestanimals,直接信息题,Onedayhewentonalongwayalone.Beforehelefthome，hiswifesaid，Nowyouhaveallthesethings.Youneedthemonyourway.Takecareofyourthingsontheway.Hewenttothestation.Heboughtaticketandgotonthetrainwithit.,Theoldmanboughtaticket_.A.afterhegotonthetrainB.beforehegotonthetrainC.whentheconductortoldhimtobuyoneD.whenhefoundhehadnoticketwithhim,Leavesarenaturesfoodfactories.Plantstakewaterfromthegroundthroughtheirroots.Theytakeagascalledcarbondioxide(CO2)fromtheair.PlantsusesunlighttoturnwaterandCO2intoglucose.Glucoseisakindofsugar.Plantsuseglucoseasfoodforenergy(f理解力强的;有智力的,一.同义替换,AyoungmanaskedAlbertEinstein,thegreatGermanscientist,whatthesecretofsuccessis.Thescientisttoldhimthatthesecretofsuccessishardwork.Afewdayslatertheyoungmanaskedthesamequestionagain.Einsteinwasveryannoyed.Hedidnotsayanything,butwroteafewwordsonapieceofpaper.Onitwaswritten:A=X+Y+Z.“Whatdoesthismean?”askedtheyoungman.“Ameans“success”explainedtheoldscientist.“Xstandsforhardwork,Yforgoodmethod(方法)andZmeansstoptalkingandgetdowntowork.”,InEinsteinsopinionthesecretofsuccesswas_.A.toworkwithgreatenergy(精力，活力)B.tostudyharddayandnightC.tolearnfromgreatscientistsD.toraise(提出)questionsasmanyasyoucould,一.同义替换,二.词性变换,形容词变动词，动词变名词,Mr.Kingisatallandstrongman.HeteachesP.E.inamiddleschool.Hewearsalongbeard(胡子)andtakesgoodcareofit.,二.词性变换,Mr.Kingisa_.A.playerB.runnerC.teacherD.driver,A,三.计算题,以howold,howmanytimes,howlong,howmany,howmuch,whatpercentage等为标志词。一般情况下，其选项全部为数字。,MarywasbornintoarichLondonfamilyinAugust1797.Shewaseducatedbyherparentsandwhenshewas13decidedtobecomeawriter.In1812,shemetthefamouswriterPercyShelleyandtheysoongotmarried.SadlyforMary,theirfirstchilddiedsoonafterbirthinItaly.Inherdiary,Marywroteaboutadream:Idreamtthatmylittlebabycametolifeagain-thatithadonlybeencoldandthatwerubbeditbeforethefireanditlived.In1816,PercyShelleyand19-year-odlMayvisitedthepoetLordByronathishomeinSwitzerland.Becauseofthebadweathertheystayedindoorsreadinghorrorstories.Onenight,Byronaskedeveryonetowritetheirownstory.MarythoughtofherdreamandwrotethestoryFrankenstein.FrankensteinwaspublishedwhenMarywas21,andbecameahugesuccess.Manypeopledidntthinka19-year-oldwomancouldwritesowellandbelievedherhusbandwastherealwriter.Althoughfamous,Shelleyslifewasfullofsadness.Onlyoneofherfourchildrenlivedandin1822herhusbanddiedinaswimmingaccident.Marywasbroken-heartedanddecidednottomarryagain.Shedevotedherselftoherchildandcontinuedtowriteuntilherdeathin1851.,HowoldwasMaryShelleywhenshedied?A.43B.48C.51D.54,四.化繁为简,把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化,Whilestillastudent，Leeopenedhisownkungfuschool，teachinganewfightingstylehehaddevelopedWhatmadeLeesstyledifferentwasthatitusedpower，strengthandquickactionattacksItalsocombined(融合)Japanese，KoreanandSouthAmericanfightingstyleswithtraditionalstowmovingChinesekungfu,HowwasLeesstyleofkungfudifferentfromthetraditionalChinesestyle?A.ItwasmuchfasterB.ItwaseasiertoIearn。C.ItmadepeoplemorepowerfulD.Itwasmuchmoredangerous，,5W1H,是非题,排序题,细节题的类别,间接信息题,直接信息题,是非题,选项是若干个陈述句，判断正误。,Whichofthefollowingistrue?WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?Whichofthefollowing(下列)isright?Whichisnotwrong?,找一找特征词,设问方式：,是非题，怎么做？,定位，找出选项在原文中的出处。,A,对照分析选项,B,InEngland,afternoonteaisthemostinformal(非正式)mealofaday.Itistakenbetweenfourandfive.Ifyouareafriendofthefamily,youmaycomeforteaatanytime.Veryoftenitisnottakenatatable.Themembersofthefamilyandvisitorstaketheteainthesittingroom.Eachpersonhasacupandsaucer(茶盘),aspoon(调羹)andasmallplateforbreadandbutter(黄油)andcakes.Bytheway,donothelpyourselftocakesfirst,breadandbutterfirst,andthencake.Doremember:Thoughyoucaneatasmuchasyouwant,donotputmorethanonepieceofbreadorcakeonyourplateeachtime.,WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Peopledontusethesamespoonforafternoontea.B.Afternoonteaisoftentakeninthesittingroom.C.Forafternoontea,peopleusecupsonly.D.Afternoonteaisoftentakenwithbreadandcakes.,Whichisnotwrong?A.Joansmotherisagooddoctor.B.Therearethreepeopleinherfamily.C.TheyliketoeattheChinesefoodalot.D.ThefamilyareallinChina.,JoanisanAmericangirl.ShelivesinChinanow.Sheisinmyclass.HerparentsworkinChina,too,butherbrotherworksintheU.S.A.Heoftenwritesletterstothem.JoanlikesChineseclassverymuch,andlikesspeakingChinesewithusafterclass.HerfatherteachesusEnglishwell.Wealllikehisclass.OnSundays,JoangoestothePeoplesParkwithherfatherandmother.Sometimesshegoesshoppingwithhermother.TheyliketheChinesefoodverymuch.Itsahappyfamily.,Britishnewspapersaremuchsmallerthantheyusedtobeandtheirreadersareofteninahurry,sonewspapermenwriteasfewwordsaspossible.Theytelltheirreadersatoncewhathappened,where,whenandhowithappenedandwhatwastheresult:howmanypeoplewerekilled,whatchangewasdoneandsoon.Readerswantthefact(事实)setoutasfullyandaccuratelyaspossible.Readersarealsointerestedinthepeoplewhohaveseentheaccident.Soanewspapermanalwayslikestogetsomeinformation(信息)fromsomeonewhowasthere,whichcanbegiveninthepersonsownwords.Becausehecanuseonlyafewwords,thenewspapermanmustchoosethosewordscarefully,everyonemustbeeffective(有效).Insteadofhecalledoutinaloudvoice,hewritesheshouted;insteadoftheloosestonesrollednoisilydownthesideofthemountain,hewillwritetheythundereddownthemountainside.Becausemanyofthereadersarentveryclever,andmostofthemareinahurry.,Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Readersarenotsatisfiedwiththeshortnews.B.Notmanypeoplehavetimetoreadthelongarticlesinnewspapers.C.Readersfindthelanguageofthenewspapersexciting.D.Newspapermentrytoreportasfullyaspossible.,Whatistrueaboutnervousnessaccordingtothepassage?A.Itusuallyhasonlyonecause.B.itisusuallycausedbypeople.C.Peoplecaneasilymanageit.D.Mostpeoplesufferfromit.,Iamaprofessorofsportsandexercise,soIoftendealwithnervousnessinmyresearchwithsportspeople.Actuaily,mostpeopteexperiencenervousnessatsometimeoranother.Ifyouarefeelinganxious,myadviceistofirstfindthecauseorcauses.Makealistofthosethingsthataremakingyounervousandworkoutwhichonesyoucandosomethingabout.Focusallofyourefforts.onmanagingthecausesthatyoucancontrol.Mostpeoplecannottellthedifferencebetweencontrollable(可控制的)anduncontrollablecauses,sothingstheycantcontrolbecomeabigreasonfornervousness.Dealingwiththisisveryimportantifpeoplewanttokeepahealthymind.Simplytrytoaccepttheuncontrollablecausesofnervousness.Youmightbeworriedabouttheweatheronabigday,anaccidentoranattackonthetrain,orperhapsjustthingsthatotherpeoplearedoingatwork.Theresultsmaybe,Whatistrueaboutnervousnessaccordingtothepassage?A.Itusuallyhasonlyonecause.B.itisusuallycausedbypeople.C.Peoplecaneasilymanageit.D.Mostpeoplesufferfromit.,veryimportantbutthereisstillnouseworryingbecauseyoucantcontrolanyofthesethings.Acceptthatyoucantcontroleverything.Onceyouunderstandthis,itbecomeseasiernottoworry.Ifasituation,suchasswimming,iscausingyoutobeanxious,trytofaceitasoftenaspossiblesothatyoucangetusedtoit.Itcanoftenhelptothinkaboutyourselfdoingthethingthatmakesyounervous-thencloseyoureyesandimagineitgoingwell.Imaginehowtheflightorjobinterviewisgoingtohappensothatyoucangetusedtoit,Thiswillhelpyouunderstandthatthethingyoufearmostisprobablynotgoingtohappen.,正确选项,1.同义表达,2.在原文基础上，推断或归纳,错误选项,1.同义表达,2.与原文相反。,3.片面，只提及其中一种情况，.only,4.改变了范围、频率、可能性，如alwayssometimes,5.脱离文章作者的态度，过分强调客观事实,5W1H,是非题,排序题,细节题的类别,间接信息题,直接信息题,排序题,给出若干个陈述句，进行排序,设问方式：,找一找特征词,Inwhatorderdidpeopledothefollowingthings?Inwhatorderdidthefollowingtakeplaceinthestory?Inwhatorderdidthemandothefollowing?InwhatorderdidtheseeventstakeplaceinLuXunslife?,排序题，怎么做？,首尾事件or动作定位，缩小范围,A,留意步骤词firstly,next等。,B,排除法,表时间先后的词语before,after等,B,Inwhatorderdidpeopledothefollowingthings?A.WorkedinvillagesB.Livednearthefactories.C.Learnedtogrowfood.D.Builtfactories.E.Begantoliveneareachother.A.d,b,a,e,cB.e,a,c,d,b,C.c,e,a,d,bD.a.c.d.e.b,Long,longagotherewereonlyafewthousandpeopleintheworld.Thesepeoplemoveformplacetoplaceovertheland,huntinganimalsforfood.Nooneknowshoworwhenthesepeoplelearnedaboutgrowingfood.Butwhen