江苏省徐州市王杰中学八年级英语下册 Unit 1 Past and Present复习（无答案）（新版）牛津版

Unit1 Past and Present一 词汇(四会)Welcome: 1. 过去的；结束的 adj. _过；经过 adv. 走过_ 2. 礼物n. _ 同义词_ 现在的；出席的 adj. _目前、现在 at present颁发，提交 (vt.) 给某人颁发某物_3. 公正的，合理的adj._只是，仅仅；刚才adv. 刚才 _Welcome to the unit:一、 根据句意或汉语提示完成句中所缺的单词1.What is your father going on at (现在)？2.Now I am full. Ive (刚刚)eaten some cakes.3.I havent seen you for a long time. You have (改变) a lot.4.Ive known the place (自从) I was young.5.We have learned about one thousand words in the (过去的) two years.6.My father went to Beijing by (火车) last month.7.Some people in Hong Kong go to work by (地铁) every day.8.If you feel (饿)，you may have something to eat. 二、根据句子意思，用括号中所给的适当形式填空。1.Where is my pen? It (be) here just now.2.Tom just （eat）my food. I am very hungry now.3. He (take) a bus home yesterday.4.In the past, everyone here (ride) a bike to work.5. We (know) each other since 2000.Reading: 1. 因为；由于；既然；自以来conj.2. 永远；曾经adv. 3. 北方的，北部的adj. n._ 在北方_/_-南方 n._adj_./东方n_.adj_./西方n._adj_to the+方位名词+of.指互不接壤并互不管辖的两个地区. 例:Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国以东.(不接壤) in the +方位名词+of.指在某一范围内的地区. 例:Beijing is in the north of China.北京在中国的北部.(在内部) on the+方位名词+of.指相互接壤并互不管辖的两个地区 例:The Pacific is on the east of China.太平洋在中国的东面.(接壤)4. 已婚的；与结为夫妻的；婚姻的adj. _v._ 与某人结婚_/_ 已经结婚多长时间 _5. 妻子n. _pl._6. 块；街区n. _7.（表示方向）越过；（部份或全部覆盖）在上面；超过；（表示论及）关于prep. _ 翻过这座山_ 结束adv._ 放学_8. 污染n._光、水、噪音 ，空气污染 _被污染9. 工厂，制造厂n. _10. 浪费，白费n. _ 徒劳；（使）损耗；（使）消瘦；浪费vt.& vi. _waste sth. = _11. 实现；了解，意识到vt. _12. 形势，处境_ 改善形势 _13. 不管到什么程度；无论如何；然而adv._14. 不可能的，做不到的adj. _ 反义词_15. prep. 在之前_ 饭前_ 16. 孤独的，孤单的；寂寞的；荒凉的adj. _ 感到孤独_;一座荒凉的岛_ 单独的；独一无二的；独自的adj. 单独地；独自地；孤独地；只，只有adv. 独自呆在家里_18. 无论如何；而且；尽管adv._19. 丈夫n. _20. 接见；采访；面试；会谈n. _面试vt.& vi. 采访；访问；会见；（私下）提问vt. 采访某人_/_Reading:1、 根据句意或汉语提示完成句中所缺的单词1. The park is in the (北部的）part of the city.2. Their (妻子） are all nurses.3. We lived together till 1965 when I got (结婚）。4. My father has worked in this (工厂）for more than twenty years.5. The poison in the (废物）killed fish and plants.6. The government (意识到）it was a very serious problem.7. I feel a bit (孤独的）form time to time.8. The （情况）is now different.9. I feel a bit tired. （然而）, I can hold on .10. It may rain, but we shall go (无论何时）。11. She walked four (街区）down High Street.12. Would you like to have a (改变）？13. Have you (曾经） been to Beijing?14. What does her (丈夫）do?15. The weather is beginning to (改进）。二、根据句子意思，用括号中所给的适当形式填空。1.Nothing is (possible) if you put your heart into it.2.I used to (live) in the country.3.My teacher (teach) in this school for ten years.4.Water (pollute) was a serious problem then.5. The river is much （clean）than before.6. They (live) in Nanjing since they (move) to China.7. you (put) away my book? I cant find it anywhere.8. My brother (be) born in 1983. Since then, he (live) in this city.9. My uncle used to (be ) a driver, but now he is a worker.10. Its nice (have) pretty gardens.Grammar: 1. 但是；还 ，常用语疑问句和否定句 adv. _2. 最近，近来adv. _Grammar:一 根据句意或汉语提示完成句中所缺单词。1.Have you read this book (已经)？2.We havent seen each other (最近)。3. How long has Mr. Smith (教) English so far？4. Have you (吃) anything since 9:00?5.Its about changes in Beijing over the past (世纪).二、根据句子意思，用括号中所给的适当形式填空。1. Mr and Mrs Li (not come) back yet.2. you (see) any exhibition recently?3.I (see) it in the history museum last week.4. Dont worry. The train just (arrive).5. They already (decide) to go to Japan for the holiday.6. you (study) in the school two years ago.7. In the past few year, my hometown (change) a lot.8. I (eat) my lunch just now.9. He (teach) us English since two years ago.10.He (live) here for five years.Integrated skills:1. 环境n. _保护环境 _2. 状态；环境；健康状况n. _ 生活状况_3. 回转，返回v._ 把 归还_4. 上一次，最近一次；最后adv. _5. 到国外，在海外adv._ 去国外_6. 交流，交际vt._ 与某人交流 _7. 交流 n._8. 精确地；确切地adv._Integrated skills & Speak up:一 根据句意或汉语提示完成所缺的单词。1.We must do something to protect the (环境)。2. His father took him to school every day when he was in (小学教育的) school.3. My car is still in good (状况).4. My son is still living (在国外).5. The air is (新鲜的) in the morning.二、根据句子意思，用括号中所给的适当形式填空。1.Another big change is the many tall (build) around the town.2. Most of (they) have moved into new flats.3. The noise (pollute) was a real problem.4. I enjoy (chat) with you and my other friends after class.5. (communicate) between old and young people is not so difficult as you think.6. It is fast _(get) there by coach.7. Some animals and plants have lost their _(live) areas.8. It used _(be) very quiet.9. There _(be) fresh air and green hills on the island in the past.10. They got _(marry) after a years work.11. We _(go) to the cinema twice already.12. The area _(change) over the years.Task: 开阔的空地 n._Task:一 根据句意或汉语提示完成所缺的单词。1. He came from a (富裕的) family.2. Its nice to have (宽阔的) space and pretty gardens.3. What can be done to the (污染)？4. The fruit looks very (新鲜的).5. Can you (使变成) this sentence into question?二、根据句子意思，用括号中所给的适当形式填空。1. The TV play (be) on for 2 hours.2. I (not finish) reading the novel yet.3. I (know) him for two years.4. I met Tom in the street,. I stopped (talk) with him.5. Why not (go) to see a film with us?6.Peter _ (go) to the library just now.7. How long _ _ you _ (learn) English? For three years.8. I am afraid you _ (forget) the important letter, havent you?9. My father _(not come) back yet. My mother and I are worried about him.10. However, the area _ (change) over the years.11. It used_ ( be) a quiet place.12. In the past, there _ (be) green hills around and fresh air there.二 重点词组1. 过去和现在past and present2. 过去做某事 used to do3. 对很了解 know very well4. 在镇子的北边 in the north of town5. 在镇子的北部 in the northern part of town6. 结婚(动作)get married （状态）be married7. 搬到两个街区外 move two blocks away8. 自从那时 since then9. 变化很大 change a lot10. 在这几年里 over the years11. 把变成 turn into12. 把废料倒进河里 put the waste into the river13. 意识到这个问题 realize the problem14. 改善现状 improve the situation15. 更干净了 much cleaner16. 在某些方面 in some ways17. 和之前一样频繁 as often as before18. 打牌 play cards19. 下中国象棋 play Chinese chess20. 感觉有点孤独 feel a bit lonely21. 有时 from time to time22. 令人新奇的变化 the amazing changes23. 他一生中 all his life24. 搬到另外一个公寓 move to another flat25. 在过去的世纪里 over the past century26. 往返进入镇子 travel to and from the town27. 另外一个巨大的变化 another big change28. 当地的人民 local people29. 从返回 return from30. 出国 go abroad31. 在小学 at primary school32. 相互保持联系 keep in touch with each other33. 主要的交流 mainly communicate34. 习惯于做某事 be/get used to doing/n.35. 生活的变化the changes of life36. 花费（时间）在某事上 spend on37. 一张近照 a recent picture38. 狭小的肮脏的街道 narrow and dirty roads39. 大的开阔地 large open spaces40. 在路的两边 on the side of the road41. 有自己的车 have ones own car42. 到处逛逛 go around43. 享受舒适的生活enjoy a comfortable life44. 家乡的变化 the changes of my hometown the changes in my hometown the changes in to hometown45.与某人分享 share sth. with sb46.把放入putinto47.采取行动做某事 take action to do48.某人的一生all ones life 49.了解更多关于 learn more about 50.干净清新的空气 clean and fresh air 51.容易得多 much easier52.独自 on ones own 三 重点句子1. 你也变了。你过去对我是如此的友善。You have changed too . You used to be so kind to me.2. 总是有太多的人在公共汽车上，并且要花很长一段时间等下一班。There were always too many people on the bus , and it took a long time to wait for the next one.3. 你非常了解阳光镇吗，陈先生？Do you know Sunshine Town very well,Mr.Chen?4. 现在我有时感到一点孤单。Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time.5. 现在政府已经把镇中心变成了一个新公园。Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.6. 之后，政府意识到这个问题并采取行动改善现状。Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation.7. 要像以前一样频繁地见面已经变得不可能了。It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.8. 我们过去一起打牌，下中国象棋。We used to play cards and Chinese chess together.9. 过去这个镇子是什么样子的？What was the town like in the past?10. 我们主要通过电邮交流。We mainly communicate by email.11. 因特网使交流更简单了。The Internet makes communication much easier.12. 快速习惯生活的变化是不容易的。It is not easy to get used to the changes of life quickly.13. 我不得不花费比以前更多的时间在我的家庭作业上。I have to spend more time on my homework than before.14. 现在大街上干净了宽敞了，路两边有绿色的树木。Now the streets are wide and clean ,with many green trees on both sides.15. 他们过去在空余时间听收音机，但是现在大部分的家庭有电脑和因特网。They used to listen to the radio or watch TV in their free time, but now most families have computers and the Internet.16. 在过去，人们步行或骑车逛镇子，但是现在他们乘公共汽车或打的到处逛逛。In the past, people travelled around the town on foot or by bicycle , but now they can go around by bus or taxi.四、重点语法现在完成时态讲解一 定义： 动作发生在过去对现在造成了影响或结果。特点是既涉及过去，又联系现在：动作是过去发生的，结果是现在存在的。 1 Eddie has eaten Hobos food. 此句是现在完成时。“吃”的动作是过去发生的，而对现在所造成的结果是Hobo没有食物吃了。2 Look! The blackboard is so clean now. He has cleaned the blackboard. (他已经擦过黑板了。)这句话所表示的结果是黑板现在是干净的。3 He has come here. 这句话的意思： He is here now.二 现在完成时构成:肯定句： 主语+ have/has +done（动词过去分词）否定句： 主语+ havent /hasnt + done疑问句： Have/Has + 主语+ doneHave you.? Has he.?Yes, I have Yes, he has.No, I havent. No, he hasnt . (has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有人称。)动词过去分词的构成:1. 规则变化visit visited visited repaired repaired repaired verbedwatched watched watchedfinished finished finishedmove moved moved lived lived lived 以e结尾dloved loved loved liked liked liked 注:以辅音字母加y结尾的词,去yied.study studied studiedhurried hurried hurried 去yied注:以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写最后一个辅音字母edstop stopped stopped mopped mopped mopped 双写edtrapped trapped trapped planned planned planned2不规则变化P122-123forget teach-catch- pay-begin- know-rise- grow-wear- write-三 现在完成时的标志词标志词1:1. already已经 (用于肯定陈述句）I have already done the homework.2. yet还没 already的否定式（否定句或疑问句）I havent done the homework yet.3. just刚刚 （位于谓语动词前）I have just seen Daniel.4. ever曾经 （多用于疑问句，问初次经历）,Have you ever watched the film?5. never从不 （多用于否定陈述句）I have never read this book.6. recently 最近 Have you been here recently? 7 before 之间注意：当在肯定陈述句中含有already或just 时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already 或just 去掉，在句末加上yet. 1. I have seen the film already. I havent seen the film yet.2. I have done my homework already. I havent done my homework yet.3. Mother has just cleaned the house. Mother hasnt cleaned the house yet.标志词2： for +一段时间, since+过去的时间点, these years, so far, up to now/till now（直到现在） over the past three years（在过去/最近几年、三年里） several times（几次）for 和 since 的区别 since+过去的时间点 1 Since+ 过去某个时间 since 2000. since 8 oclock 2 Since+一段时间+ ago since seven years ago 3 Since + last . Since last week since last months 4 Since+ 从句 ( 主语+ did) since I came here.for+一段时间 for 3days /two hours/a yearfor or since 练习1. We have lived here _ 1990.2. How long have you studied here ? _ 5 years .3. The boy has had a bad cold _ last night .4. Mr. Huang has kept the books _ a week ago .5.I have taught in the school _ I came here .6We have been friends _ a long time .定义2.某个动作从过去已经开始,一直持续到现在,还有可能持续到将来.动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示.如for、since 等引导的时间状语。（此时句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）切记有些动词是非延续的，在此用法中要换成其相对应的延续性动词：arrive begin(start)die come backleave fall ill(sick, asleep)open close join borrow buy finish/end get/come to get married have been to 曾经去过某地（已返回）Someone went to some place and has already come backhave been in 去某地一段时间someone stay in some place for some time have gone to 去了某地 （没有回来）Someone went to some place and is still there 三者的常见用法 have been (to) + 地点+次数 have been (in) + 地点 + for/since have gone (to) + 地点练习1.A: Wheres Jim, Li Lei? B: He _his school library.2.The Greens _China for three years. We _the Great Wall twice. Its very beautiful.她以前曾去过上海。 他在上海10年了。 他去上海了。现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：现在完成时，强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响，与现在有关。 一般过去时，仅仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。 他已学英语五年了。 He has studied English for five years. （说明他还继续学下去） 他曾学过五年英语。 He studied English for five years. (只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。） 一般过去时与现在完成时有一些明显的时间状语： 遇到yesterday, Last year, in May, in+过去某一年，two days ago, just now等就用一般过去时。当有 so far, in the past/ last few days(在过去/最近的几年里)，since接过去时间状语或过去时的句子等常用现在完成时。 用“It is +一段时间since 一般过去时从句 ”.It is ten years since she began to work.五、话题作文（含范文）话题一：根据所给中文提示，以“The changes in my hometown”为题，写一篇80词左右的短文。要求要点完整，语句通顺，且表格中所给内容必须用上，可适当发挥。句首已给出，不计入词数。过去现在1. 人们生活贫穷，房屋破旧1. 人们生活富裕，住房宽敞、明亮2. 人们不爱护环境，随处扔垃圾2. 大家都保护环境了，山变绿了，水变青 了，天变蓝了3. 交通不便3. 交通方便，许多人都有了自己的车，为 家乡的变化感到自豪，要为家乡The changes in my hometown In the past, my hometown was very small. _ _范文一：The changes in my hometown In the past, my hometown was very small. There were no factories or schools here, and the traffic was very poor. People had no idea of protecting the environment, they threw rubbish everywhere. The villagers lived a hard life. Now, there have been great changes in the village. People live in big houses and many people even have their own cars. They live a rich life. The water in the river is clean and the sky is blue. The new road is wide. Every year, thousands of people from all over the world come to visit my hometown. Im proud of the changes in my hometown. And Im sure my hometown will become better and better in the future.话题二：请根据以下内容提示，写一篇题目为“Saving the Environment”的英语短文。要点：1.在过去的几年里许多地方变化很大。带来了不少收益，但是也导致了很多严重的问题。 2.空气污染工厂不加处理排放废气(waste gas)，空气质量差； 水污染人们直接(directly)把废水倒进河流和湖泊里，水变脏； 噪音污染一些人只能从闹市区搬走； 乱伐树木，乱扔垃圾等 3.提出自己的合理化建议（至少2条）。要求：1.包括以上要点