新世纪大学英语 book2 Unit6

BeforeReading_1,Directions:Listentothefirststoryandthenanswerthefollowingquestions.,TwoEnglishStories,AmIcreative?,RelatedInformation,Quiz,Whatiscreativity?,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Warm-upQuestions,1.Howdidtheguesthelptosolvetheproblem?,Shepouredthewineinaplasticbaganddippeditinicewater.,Itstheabilitytousethecreativecapacitybyencouragingcreativeimpulsesandthenactinguponthem.,2.,WhatmakesEdison,PicassoorevenShakespearedifferentfromaveragepeople?,BeforeReading_2,Myguestshadarrived,butonceagain,Idforgottentoputthewineinthefridge.“Dontworry,”afriendsaid,“Icanchillitforyourightaway.“Fiveminuteslatersheemergedfromthekitchenwiththewineperfectlycooled.Askedtorevealhersecret,shesaid,“Ipoureditinaplasticbaganddippeditinicewater.”Myguestsapplauded.“Howwonderfulifwecouldallbethatclever,”oneremarked.,WhatseparatestheaveragepersonfromEdison,PicassoorevenShakespeareisntcreativecapacity.Itstheabilitytousethatcapacitybyencouragingcreativeimpulsesandthenactinguponthem.Mostofusseldomachieveourcreativepotential,butthereservoirofideashidingwithineveryoneofuscanbeunlocked.,TwoEnglishStories,AmIcreative?,RelatedInformation,Quiz,Whatiscreativity?,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Warm-upQuestions,BeforeReading_3,Directions:Listentothesecondstoryandthenanswerthefollowingquestions.,Whatwasthedifferencebetweentheemployeeswhowerecreativeandthosewhowerent?,Thedifferencebetweentheemployeeswhowerecreativeandthosewhowerentwasthis:Creativepeoplebelievedtheywerecreativeandlesscreativepeoplebelievedtheywerent.,Yes.,2.,Cancreativitybenurtured?,TwoEnglishStories,AmIcreative?,RelatedInformation,Quiz,Whatiscreativity?,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Warm-upQuestions,BeforeReading_4,Abigcompanywantedtoincreasecreativityinitsemployees,soithiredagroupofconsultants.Theconsultantsstartedbythoroughlytestingalloftheemployees.Theydiscoveredtheonlydifferencebetweentheemployeeswhowerecreativeandthosewhowerentwasthis:Creativepeoplebelievedtheywerecreativeandlesscreativepeoplebelievedtheywerent.Evenmoretellingwaswhathappenedtothegroupthatwasntcreative.Theconsultantsfocusedonhelpingthemnurturetheircreativity.Intheend,thoseemployeeswereactuallymorecreativethantheoneswhohadinitiallyconsideredthemselvescreative.Thatmeansyoutoocanbecomemorecreative.Infact,howcreativeyoubecomeisentirelyinyourownhands.,TwoEnglishStories,AmIcreative?,RelatedInformation,Quiz,Whatiscreativity?,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Warm-upQuestions,BeforeReading_5,Thisquizwillhelpyoufindouthowcreativeyouare.,1.Whenyoucomeacrossarose,youimmediatelyA.smellit.B.quoteeveryrosepoemyoucanremember.C.writeyourownpoem.D.sketchtherose.E.stepontherose.2.OneofyourdreamsinlifeistoA.writeanovel.B.becomeapainter.C.travelaroundtheworld.D.climballthefamousmountains.E.justonce,geteverythingdoneonyourto-dolist.,(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),TwoEnglishStories,AmIcreative?,RelatedInformation,Quiz,Whatiscreativity?,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Warm-upQuestions,BeforeReading_6,3.YourdeskA.isburiedundereverythingincludingthekitchensink.B.resemblesanaturaldisaster.C.isabitofamess,butyouknowwhereeverythingis.D.isbasicallyneatyouusethestackingmethod.E.isinperfectorder.4.ThepersonyouadmiremostisA.Einstein.B.WaltDisney.C.yourmother.D.JaneAustin.E.anyonewhocangeteverythingcrossedoffhisorherto-dolist.5.YouconsideryourselfA.extremelycreative.B.creative.C.somewhatcreative.D.alittlecreative.E.aboutascreativeasEinstein.,(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),TwoEnglishStories,AmIcreative?,RelatedInformation,Quiz,Whatiscreativity?,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Warm-upQuestions,BeforeReading_7,6.YougetnewideasA.allthetime.B.severaltimesaweek.C.severaltimesamonth.D.onceortwiceamonth.E.veryoften.,(),(),(),(),(),ThrowoutallyouranswersexceptforNo.5“Youconsideryourself:”.IfyouansweredA.extremelycreativeThenyoureextremelycreative.B.creativeThenyourecreative.C.somewhatcreativeThenyouresomewhatcreative.D.alittlecreativeThenyourealittlecreative.E.aboutascreativeasEinsteinThenyoureaboutascreativeasEinstein.Okay,thiswasabitofatrick.Butitstrue.Howcreativeyouthinkyouarecorrespondswithhowcreativeyoureallyare.,TwoEnglishStories,AmIcreative?,RelatedInformation,Quiz,Whatiscreativity?,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Warm-upQuestions,BeforeReading_8,Whatiscreativity?,1)Giveyourowndefinitionsof“creativity”.,2)Giveyourdescriptionsof“creativity”.,Creativityistheabilitytothinkupanddesignnewinventions,produceworksofart,solveproblemsinnewways,ordevelopanideabasedonanoriginal,novel,orunconventionalapproach.,Creativityistheabilitytoseesomethinginanewwayandtoengageinmentalandphysicalexperiencesthatarenew,unique,ordifferent.Creativityisacriticalaspectofapersonslife,startingfrominsidethewombonwardthroughadulthood.,TwoEnglishStories,AmIcreative?,RelatedInformation,Quiz,Whatiscreativity?,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Warm-upQuestions,BeforeReading_9,3)Writedownsomewordsrelatedto“creativity”.,Creativeness,innovation,inventiveness,originality,4)Discussthefollowingquotationsabout“creativity”.,Whatevercreativityis,itisinpartasolutiontoaproblem.BrianAldissTheimportantthingistocreate.Nothingelsematters;creationisall.PabloPicassoThecreativepersonwantstobeaknow-it-all.Hewantstoknowaboutallkindsofthings:ancienthistory,nineteenth-centurymathematics,currentmanufacturingtechniques,flowerarranging,andhogfutures,becauseheneverknowswhentheseideasmightcometogethertoformanewidea.Itmayhappensixminuteslaterorsixmonths,orsixyearsdowntheroad.Buthehasfaiththatitwillhappen.CarlAlly,TwoEnglishStories,AmIcreative?,RelatedInformation,Quiz,Whatiscreativity?,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Warm-upQuestions,BeforeReading_10,AmIcreative?,Everyonehasthepotentialtobecreative.Allofuscanbecreativebutthosewhoarerecognizedasbeingcreativehaveanawarenessthatothersdonthave.Therearemanycomponentsthatinfluencethecreativityofindividuals.Thisisnottosaythatpeopletremendouslyfluctuateintheircreativitydaytodayorhourtohour.Itisoftenbelievedthatsomepeoplearegenerallymorecreativemostofthetimethanothers.Oneaspectofacreativepersonalityisthefluencywithwhichhe/shegeneratesanumberofnewideas.Thecreativepeoplecannotonlythinkofgoodideasbutalsocanexplorethemandrecordthem.Rememberthatcreativitycanbelearned,improvedandincreasedovertime.,TwoEnglishStories,AmIcreative?,RelatedInformation,Quiz,Whatiscreativity?,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Warm-upQuestions,BeforeReading_11,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Thefirststeptobecomemorecreativeistogiveyourselfpermissiontodothingscreatively.Thesecondistoovercomeyourmentalblockstocreativity.Forsomepeople,beingcreativeinvolvestryingnottobeembarrassedbytheirownideas;forothers,itisamatterofbeingawarethatthingscanbedoneinmanydifferentways.Somepeopleareconfidentenoughtohavefewerinhibitionsandcanjustlettheircreativenatureswork.Itreallyhelpstothinkofcreativityasaskillorsetofskills.Bypracticing,everyonecanuseitbetter.,TwoEnglishStories,AmIcreative?,RelatedInformation,Quiz,Whatiscreativity?,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Warm-upQuestions,BeforeReading_12,TwoEnglishStories,AmIcreative?,RelatedInformation,Quiz,Whatiscreativity?,WhatcanIdotoincreasemycreativity?,Warm-upQuestions,1.Canyounamesomeofthefamouspeoplewhoarecreative?2.Whatkindoftraitsdoyouthinkareuniquetocreativepeople?3.Doyouthinkyouarecreative?,GlobalReading_1,PartDivisionoftheText,FurtherUnderstanding,Parts,Paragraphs,MainIdeas,1,2,1,215,Whatmakesthepersonalitiesofcreativepeopledifferentfromotherscanbegeneralizedwithoneword“complexity”.,Theauthortellsuseighttraitsthatareoftenfoundincreativepeople.,Part1Role-play:Part1,Part2Role-play:Part2,FindthepairsofantonymsinPart2.,GlobalReading_2,Directions:TheauthorisgoingtohaveaTVinterview.Oneofthestudentswillplaytheroleoftheauthorandprepareabriefintroductiontotheresearchanditsfindings,usingtheinformationgiveninthetextandyourownimagination.TheotherstudentwillplaytheroleofaTVhost.,PartDivisionoftheText,FurtherUnderstanding,Part1Role-play:Part1,Part2Role-play:Part2,FindthepairsofantonymsinPart2.,GlobalReading_3,Directions:Goonwiththerole-play.Thestudentswillworkinpairs.Eachpaironlyhastofinishoneofthetraitsmentionedbytheauthor.,PartDivisionoftheText,FurtherUnderstanding,Part2Role-play:Part2,FindthepairsofantonymsinPart2.,Part1Role-play:Part1,GlobalReading_4,PartDivisionoftheText,FurtherUnderstanding,Part2Role-play:Part2,FindthepairsofantonymsinPart2.,FindthepairsofantonymsinPart2.,convergentdivergent,extrovertedintroverted,extroversionintroversion,humbleproud,Part1Role-play:Part1,Howdocreativepeopleliveandwork?Whatarethequalitiesthatmakecreativepeopledifferentfromothers?Readthefollowingpassageandseewhattheauthorsays.,DetailedReading_t0,DetailedReading,Ihavedevoted30yearsofresearchtohowcreativepeopleliveandwork.IfIhadtoexpressinonewordwhatmakestheirpersonalitiesdifferentfromothers,itscomplexity.Theycontaincontradictoryextremes;insteadofbeingan“individual”,eachofthemisa“multitude”.,TheCreativePersonalityMihalyCsikszentmihalyi,DetailedReading_t1,DetailedReading,Herearesometraitsthatareoftenfoundincreativepeople.Thesetraitsareintegratedwitheachotherinadialecticalmanner.,DetailedReading_t2,DetailedReading,1.Creativepeoplehaveagreatdealofphysicalenergy,buttheyarealsooftenquietandatrest.Theycanworklonghourswithgreatconcentrationwhileremainingfreshandenthusiasticallthetime.Thisdoesnotmeanthatcreativepeoplearealwaysactive.Infact,theyrestoftenandsleepalot.Theimportantthingisthattheyknowhowtocontroltheirenergy,whichisnotruledbythecalendar,theclockoranexternalschedule.Whennecessary,theycanfocusitlikealaserbeam;whennot,creativetypesimmediatelyrechargetheirbatteries.Thisisnotabiorhythminheritedwiththeirgenes;itwaslearnedbytrialanderrorasastrategyforachievingtheirgoals.2.Creativepeopletendtobesmartyetnaiveatthesametime.Anotherwayofexpressingthisdialecticisthecontrastingpolesofwisdomandchildishness.AsHowardGardnerrevealsinhisstudyofthemajorcreativegeniusesofthe20thcentury,acertainimmaturity,bothemotionalandmental,cangohandinhandwithdeepestinsights.,DetailedReading_t3,DetailedReading,EarlierstudiesonsuperiormentalabilitiesshowthatchildrenwithveryhighIQsdowellinlife,butafteracertainpoint,IQdoesnotseemtobecorrelatedanylongerwithsuperiorperformanceinreallife.LaterstudiessuggestthatitmightbedifficulttodocreativeworkwithalowerIQ,butanIQbeyond120doesnotnecessarilyimplyhighercreativity.,Furthermore,creativepeopleseemabletousewelltwooppositewaysofthinking:theconvergentandthedivergent.ConvergentthinkingismeasuredbyIQtests,anditinvolvessolvingwell-defined,rationalproblemsthathaveonecorrectanswer.Divergentthinkingleadstonoagreed-uponsolution.Itinvolvestheability,togenerateagreatquantityofideas;flexibility,ortheabilitytoswitchfromoneperspectivetoanother;andoriginalityinpickingunusualassociationsofideas.Yetdivergentthinkingisnotofmuchusewithouttheabilitytotellagoodideafromabadone,andforthis,wemustrelyonconvergentthinking.,3.Creativepeoplealternatebetweenimaginationandadeeply-rootedsenseofreality.Greatartandgreatscienceinvolvealeapofimaginationintoaworldthatisdifferentfromthepresent.Infact,thewholepointofartandscienceistogobeyondwhatwenowconsiderrealandcreateanewreality.,DetailedReading_t4,DetailedReading,4.Creativepeopletendtobebothextrovertedandintroverted.Wereusuallyoneortheother,eitherpreferringtobeinthethickofcrowdsorsittingonthesidelinesandobservingthepassingshow.Infact,incurrentpsychologicalresearch,extroversionandintroversionareconsideredtobethemoststablepersonalitytraitsthatdistinguishpeoplefromeachother.Creativeindividualsseemtoexhibitbothtraitsatthesametime.,5.Creativepeoplearehumbleandproudatthesametime.Theseindividualsstand“ontheshouldersofgiants”.Theirrespectfortheareainwhichtheyworkmakesthemawareofthelonglineofpreviouscontributionstoit.Andtheyreusuallysofocusedon,DetailedReading_t5,DetailedReading,6.Creativepeoplearebothrebelliousandconservative.Beingonlytraditionalleavesanareaunchanged;constantlytakingchanceswithoutregardtotraditionrarelyleadstonovelty.Butthewillingnesstotakerisksisabsolutelynecessary.TheeconomistGeorgeStiglerisveryemphaticinthisregard,futureprojectsandcurrentchallengesthatpastaccomplishments,nomatterhowoutstanding,arenolongerveryinterestingtothem.,8.Creativepeoplesopennessandsensitivityoftenexposesthemtosufferingandpain,yetalsotoagreatdealofenjoyment.Inventorshavealowthresholdofpain.Thingsbotherthem.Abadlydesignedmachinecausespaintoaninventiveengineer,justasthecreativewriterishurtwhenreadingbadprose.Beingaloneattheforefrontofadisciplinealsoleavesyouexposedandvulnerable.Eminenceinvitescriticismandoftenviciousattacks.Whenanartisthasinvestedyearsinmakingasculpture,orascientistindevelopingatheory,itisdevastatingifnobodycares.,“Idsayoneofthemostcommonfailuresofablepeopleisalackofnerve.Theyjustplaysafegames.Ininnovation,youhavetoplayalesssafegame,ifitsgoingtobeinteresting.Itsnotpredictablethatitllgo7.Mostcreativepeopleareverypassionateabouttheirwork,yettheycanbeextremelyobjectiveaboutitaswell.Withoutthepassion,wesoonloseinterestinadifficulttask.Yetwithoutbeingobjectiveaboutit,ourworkisnotverygoodandlackscredibility.,DetailedReading_t6,DetailedReading,well.”,DetailedReading_t7,DetailedReading,Perhapsthemostdifficultthingforcreativeindividualstobearisthesenseoflossandemptinesstheyexperiencewhen,forsomereason,theycannotwork.Thisisespeciallypainfulwhenapersonfeelshisorhercreativitydryingout.Yetwhenapersonisworkingintheareaofhisorherexpertise,worriesandcaresfallaway,replacedbyasenseofhappiness.Perhapsthemostimportantquality,theonethatismostconsistentlypresentinallcreativeindividuals,istheabilitytoenjoytheprocessofcreationforitsownsake.Withoutthistrait,poetswouldgiveupstrivingforperfectionandwouldwritecommercialjingles;economistswouldworkforbankswheretheywouldearnatleasttwiceasmuchastheydoatuniversities;andphysicistswouldstopdoingbasicresearchandjoinindustriallaboratorieswheretheconditionsarebetterandtheexpectationsmorepredictable.,Paraphrasethesentence.,Theycontaincontradictoryextremes;insteadofbeingan“individual”,eachofthemisa“multitude”.,DetailedReading_t1_They,DetailedReading,Creativepeoplehavemanydifferentpersonalities.Insteadofpossessingthepersonalitytraitsthatarenormallyfoundonlyindifferentpeople,theypossessthesedifferenttraitsallinthemselves,asifeachofthemweremadeupofmanyindividuals.dict,dic=say,assert,表示“说话，断言”dictatev口授；命令；听写（dict+ate说话口授，命令）dictatorn发命令者；独裁者（dictate+or发命令者）dictionn措词；词语的选择（dict+ion说话状态措词）dictionaryn字典（diction+ary措词的书字典）dictumn格言；断言（dict+um说出的话格言）benedictionn祝福（bene好+dict说+ion说好话）maledictionn恶言；诅咒（male坏+dict+ion说坏话）contradictn反驳；否认（contra反+dict反说反驳）contradictorya矛盾的，对立的（contradict反驳+ory),Whennecessary,theycanfocusitlikealaserbeam;whennot,creativetypesimmediatelyrechargetheirbatteries.,DetailedReading_t2_When,Paraphrasethesentence.,Creativepeoplehavetheextraordinaryabilitytoconcentratetheirenergyontheirworkifnecessary;however,whensuchconcentrationisunnecessary,theywillstopworkingandrelax,refreshingthemselvesforfuturetasks.,DetailedReading,Thisisnotabiorhythminheritedwiththeirgenes;itwaslearnedbytrialanderrorasastrategyforachievingtheirgoals.,DetailedReading_t2_This,TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.,这不是得自遗传基因的生物节奏；而是为达到目标而通过反复尝试掌握的一种策略。inheritvt.1)继承Theeldestsonwillinheritthetitle.长子将继承爵位。Sheinheritedallhermothersbeauty.(喻)她继承了她母亲的全部美貌。2)遗传,DetailedReading,AsHowardGardnerrevealsinhisstudyofthemajorcreativegeniusesofthe20thcentury,acertainimmaturity,bothemotionalandmental,cangohandinhandwithdeepestinsights.,DetailedReading_t2_AsHoward,Paraphrasethispartofthesentence“acertainimmaturity,bothemotionalandmental,cangohandinhandwithdeepestinsights.”,Creativepeoplecanbeveryintelligentandinsightful;meanwhiletheymaybeimmaturebothemotionallyandmentallyinacertainway.Thatistosay,theymaybeveryintelligentandyetatthesametimebechildishandnaivesometimes.,DetailedReading,eitherpreferringtobeinthethickofcrowdsorsittingonthesidelinesandobservingthepassingshow.,DetailedReading_t4_either,Paraphrasethispartofthesentence.,Creativepeopleeitherchoosetobeinthecompanyofmanypeopleortostandoutsidethecrowdandwatchwhatothersdo.,DetailedReading,Theseindividualsstand“ontheshouldersofgiants”.,DetailedReading_t5_Theseindividuals,Wheredoesthephrasestand“ontheshouldersofgiants”comefrom?,ItquotesfromNewtonswords“IfIhaveseenfurther,itisbystandingontheshouldersofgiants.”,DetailedReading,Inventorshavealowthresholdofpain.,DetailedReading_t6_Inventors,Whatdoesalowthresholdofpainmean?,Itmeanstheinabilitytosufferalotofpain.,DetailedReading,Eminenceinvitescriticismandoftenviciousattacks.,DetailedReading_t6_Eminence,1.Whatdoesinvitemeanhere?,Itmeans“encouragesomethingbadtohappen,especiallywithoutintendingto”.,DetailedReading,2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.,卓越会招致批评，甚至往往是恶毒的攻击。,ForthefirsttimeIhadmoneyandopendoorseverywhere.,DetailedReading_t8_Forthe,1.Howdoyouunderstand“opendoors”inthissentence?,“Opendoors”refertoopportunitiesintheauthorslife.,DetailedReading,2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthissentence?,WiththepublicationofRoots,theauthorachievedgreatsuccessandbecamewell-known.Hewasnolongerthepooryoungmanheusedtobe.,AndIsaidtomyself,Thethingsinthisbagarepartofmyroots,too.Icanteverforgetthat.,DetailedReading_t9_AndI,Whydidtheauthorsaythethingsinthisbagwerepartofhisroots,too?,Becausethethingsremindedhimofhispastbeforeheachievedsuccess.Althoughhebecameafamouswriter,hethoughtheshouldrememberthetimewhenhewasstrivingforsuccess.,DetailedReading,ButonlyoneremindsmeofthecourageandpersistenceittakestostaythecourseintheShadowland.,DetailedReading_t9_Butonly,1.Whatdoesthe“one”refertointhissentence?,Itreferstotheclearplasticcaseinwhichthetwosardinecansand18centswerekept.,DetailedReading,2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.,但只有一样东西会提醒我，在梦想的阴影里坚持自己的方向需要怎样的勇气和毅力。,devote:v.useallormostofyourtime,effort,etc.inordertodosth.orhelpsb.,DetailedReading_t1_devote,Hedevotedhisenergiestowritingfilms.,DetailedReading,Shedevotedherselftoherbusiness.devote指献身于某一事业或目标如：devoteoneselftosth./doingsth.;,multitude:n.,DetailedReading_t1_multitude,Ihadnev