2011届高三英语虚拟语气

虚拟语气,The Subjunctive Mood (I),Unit 1 Book 6,英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。,陈述语气 (The Indicative Mood):用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。I am not interested in what you said.Have you ever been to France?What a splendid palace!We had many trees planted last year .,祈使语气(The Imperative Mood),用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。,Lets have a talk.Dont jump in the queue.Open the door ,please .,虚拟语气(The Subjunctive Mood),定义：表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设。If I were you, I would go there.I wish I were a bird flying in the sky.I suggest you should follow your fathers advice .,1.If I had enough money, I would go on a trip to Shanghai.2.If I were you, I would study English very hard .3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.4. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened.,与现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,5.If we should have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.6. If we had three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.,与将来事实相反,(should不能省略),一：虚拟语气在条件状语 从句中的用法。,条件从句,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,未来,过去时（were）,过去完成时,Would/could/should/might +V.（原）,Would/could/should/might+have+V-ed,1.过去时2.should+V.3. were to do,would/could/should/might +V.（原）,1.If I were you, I would give it up.Were I you, I would give it up.2.If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.,3.If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.4.If there should be a flood, what should we do?Should there be a flood, what should we do?,假设条件虚拟倒装: 条件从句中有should， were， had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。,Exercises:If I _(be) you, I would get up early in the morning. If you _(ask) him, he might tell you.I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _(come), she would have met my brother.If he had not lost his money, he _ the piano last week.would buy B. had bought C. could have bought D. bought,asked,were,had come,C,(should ask /were to ask),5.They would go out even if it tomorrow.rain B. were to rain C. will rain D. would rain6I dont think that I shall fail. But if I _, I would try again.fail B. would fail C. should fail D. had failed7._ today ,he would get there by Friday .A.Was he leaving B. If he leaves C.Were he to leave D. Would he leave,B,C,C,I wish I were a bird. I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.,（现在）,（过去）,（将来）,二. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法,1. 在动词wish后的宾语从句中, 表示与现在或过去的事实相反, 或对将来的主观愿望, 从句通常省略连词that。,1) 表示对现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用过去式或过去进行式 (be动词一般用were) 。,I wish I were as tall as you.,I wish I were a bird.,I wish every day were my birthday.,I wish/wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.,(2) 表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had过去分词”。,The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it.,(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形式为 “ would动词原形”。,但愿你立刻来。I wish you would come soon.,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,二：虚拟语气特殊句型：,Wish 的宾语从句,现在：过去：未来：,过去时（were）,过去完成时,would/could