情态动词+have_done的用法

“情态动词+havedone”的用法,一、“musthavedone”一定做过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测，该结构只用于肯定句。1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2.Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktotheservant.你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。,二、“canthavedone”“couldnthavedone”不可能做过某事,表示对过去事情的否定推测，“couldnthavedone”较少使用。1.Mr.SmithcanthavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。2.Marycanthavestolenyourmoney.Shehasgonehome.玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。,三、“couldhavedone”过去可能做某事；本来能够做某事但没做,有两种用法，一种表示猜测，“过去可能做过某事”；另一种是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。Whatcouldhavehappened?难道是发生了什么事吗？Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewastoocareless.本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。,四、“canhavedone”较少使用到此结构,表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？”。1.Thereisnolightintheroom.Cantheyhavegoneout?屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？2.Thereisnowheretofindthem.Wherecantheyhavegone?到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？,五、“mayhavedone”,表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。WhathashappenedtoGeorge?Idontknow.Hemayhavegotlost.乔治发生了什么事？我不知道，他可能迷路了。,六、“mighthavedone”,表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。1.Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasbusy.(MET90)他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。2.Shemighthaveachievedgreaterprogress,ifyouhadgivenhermorechances.如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。,七、“wouldhavedone”,虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。1.Iwouldhavetoldyouallabouttheboysstory,butyoudidntaskme.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。2.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldnthaveachievedsomuch.没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。,八、“shouldhavedone”本来应该做某事，而实际没做,否定式为“shouldnthavedone”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。1.Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。2.Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldnthavebeensoharshonhim.看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。,九、“oughttohavedone”,表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做”，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday.我理应上星期日回家。Yououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.你不应该帮助他那么多。,十、“needhavedone”本来需要做某事而没有做,否定式为“neednthavedone”表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。Ineednthaveboughtsomuchwineonlyfivepeoplecame.我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。Heneedhavehurriedtothestation.Inthatcase,bewouldnthavemissedthetrain.他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。,1-YoudidntwaitforMr.Smithlastnight,didyou?-Actually,we_.Hedidntreturnhomeatall.A.couldnthavewaitedB.neednthavewaitedC.didntneedtowaitD.shouldwait2Harry_havewonthePhysicscompetitioneasilyyesterday,buthegaveup.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.must,3-MayIspeaktoyourmanagerMr.Smithatsixoclocktonight?”-“Imsorry,Mr.Smithtoaconferencebeforethen.”A.willhavegoneB.hadgoneC.wouldhavegoneD.hasgone4-Tomtookawayourteacherscellphonewithoutbeingpermitted.-Really?Icantimaginethathe_havedonesuchathing.A.mustB.mayC.canD.should,5-Wasityouthatmadethesuggestion?-Ithavebeen.Icantremember.A.needB.mustC.shouldD.may6Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I_thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.neednthavetakenD.mustnthavetaken,7Hepaidforaseat,whenhe_haveenteredfree.A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need8Ididntseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.Sheatthemeeting.A.mustnthavespokenB.mightnthavespokenC.canthavespokenD.shouldnthavespoken,9-Hi,isthatPeterBrown?-Sorry.You_thewrongnumber.A.mustcallB.musthavecalledC.shouldcallD.shouldhavecalled10Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They_atleast150kilometersanhour.A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone,11.Heisnotpoor.You_havelenthimthemoney.A.cantB.needntC.couldntD.mustnt12.Therewasplentyoftime.You_havehurried.A.wontB.mustntC.needntD.couldnt13.They_havefinishedtheworkyesterday,butitwasraininghard.A.mustB.couldC.shouldD.might,14.I_hereintime,butImetanoldfriendofmine.