被动语态教学课件.ppt

,被动语态,被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。,Grammar,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。,Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,arewashed,by,hisbrother,everyday.,改为被动语态,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词,变为被动语态,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词,3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：S+will/shall+be+过去分词S+am/is/aregoingtobe+过去分词,Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词,4AmycantakegoodcareofGina,GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat8:00lastnight,Myhomeworkwasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.过去进行时：S+was/were+being+过去分词,Wehavemadetwentymorekeys,Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时：一般过去时：情态动词：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在完成时：过去进行时：过去完成时：,S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+doneS+will+be+doneS+am/is/are+being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+being+donehadbeen+done,由上表中我们可以看出，不管是何种时态的被动语态，be是不可不用的。,give,lend,offer,ask等需要两个连带成分，一个指人，另一个指事物，如：Mothergavemeatieasmybirthdaypresent.被动态既可以用“人”作为述说对象，也可以以“物”作为述说对象：A:Iwasgivenatiebymymotherasmybirthdaypresent.B:Atiewasgiven(to)measmybirthdaypresent.这样的句子多用“人”作为述说对象。,几种特殊结构1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday2.Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar,IwasgivenagiftonmybirthdayAgiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar注意：若使役动词make,have,let等或感官动词宾语补足语是不带to的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。如:feel,hear,help,listento,lookat,make,observe,see,notice,watch,主动语态如何改成被动语态？,1.主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语。,2.主动语态的谓语动词改成被动语态的谓语动词。do,3.注意保持时态和人称的一致。,4.带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成主语时，谓语动词后必须加适当的介词:to，for.,如：give,begivento,此类动词还有：,pas