Anne-Bradstreet-and-Edward--TaylorPPT课件

.,1,WhatisthecoredoctrinesofPuritans?ForwhatreasonstheBritishpeoplecametoAmericancontinent?,.,2,Theywantedto1.fleefromthereligiousandpoliticaloppressionandpersecution.2.thirstforgreatereconomicopportunity,forland,andforadventure.3.TheywanttoestablishanewGardenofEdeninthelasthiddenland.,.,3,ItisacriticalcommonplacenowthatAmericanliteratureisbasedonamyth,thatis_.A.theancientGreekmythofZeusB.theBritishmythoftheSaintGrailC.theBiblicalmythoftheGardenofEdenD.theLegendoftheSleepyHollow,.,4,ThefirstpermanentEnglishsettlementinNorthAmericawasestablishedat_.A.JamestownB.NewYorkC.BostonD.Concord,.,5,JohnSmith(chapter1):ATrueRelationofVirginia关于弗吉尼亚的真实叙述ADescriptionofNewEngland新英格兰叙事JohnWinthrop(chapter2):TheHistoryofNewEngland新英格兰史AModelofChristianCharity基督教之爱,.,6,WilliamBradford(inChapter2)wasbornintothefamilyofyeomanfarmer(自耕农，1590-1657)hasbeenconsideredoneofthegreatestofcolonialAmericans.BradfordisthefirstgovernorofPlymouth.Hisgreatestwork:theHistoryofPlymouthPlantation(annals)Simplicity,earnestnessanddirectreporting,.,7,SelectReadingofhispoem:P8FrommyyearsyoungindaysofyouthGoddidmakeknowntomeHisTruthAndcalldmefrommynativeplaceFortoenjoytheMeansofGraceInwildernessHedidmeguideandinstrangelandsformeprovideAsPilgrimpassedItoandfro(来回的),.,8,Thepoetinthepoemtellsthereadersaboutwhyhecomestothenewworld.Fromhischildhood,heknowsheisachosenpersonandisledtothelandwhichisthegiftbyGod.HeisnotlostinthelandbecauseGodwouldguidehiswayandprovidehimwithnecessities.Herethepoetidentifieshimself“AsPilgrimpassedItoandfro”,.,9,Twoimportantwriters:AnneBradstreetandEdwardTaylor,AnneBradstreet(inChapter4),whohasbeenpraisedasthefirstnoteworthyAmerican,wasbornintothefamilyofasturdyPuritan.ShewasthefirstpoetandfirstfemalewriterintheBritishNorthAmericancoloniestoberecognized.HerfatherwasthestewardoftheEarlofLincoln.,.,10,AnneBradstreetstartedreadingtheBibleatsixorseven.Atsixteen,shemarriedSimonBradstreet,whohadbecamethegovernorofMassachusettsin1645.Theyhad8childrenintotal.Herpoems:theTenthMuseLatelySprungupinAmerica.ToMyDearandLovingHusband,.,11,TheTenthMuseLatelySprungupinAmerica,缪斯作为女神，为主神宙斯与记忆女神谟涅摩绪涅所生专司文艺，再加上天生丽质，所以气质非凡普遍认为一开始只有三个缪斯：墨勒忒、阿俄得、谟涅墨、三个缪斯体现了远古时代人们进行崇拜仪式时所需要的诗歌形式和技巧。,.,12,FeaturesofAnneBradstreet,Shewroteonthefourelements,theconstitutionsandagesofman,theseasonsoftheyear,andthechiefempiresoftheancientworld.SomeofherpoemswerewithearlyfeminismandRomanticism.Laterherpoemswerepermeatedwiththickreligiousthoughts.,.,13,ContemplationsP12,Iheardthemerrygrasshopperthensing,Theblack-cladcricketbearasecondpart;Theykeptonetuneandplayedonthesamestring（line）SeemingtogloryintheirlittleartSmallcreaturesabject(lowvoices)thustheirvoicesraise,AndintheirkindresoundtheirMakerspraise,WhilstI,asmute,canwarbleforthnohigherlays?,.,14,沉思,我听见蚱蜢欢乐的歌声黑囊蟋蟀附上第二段奏鸣它们整齐列队，唱着同一支曲调在这小小的艺术里，似乎光荣无上。其它生物低声无语，它们的歌声便分外嘹亮在那亲切的回响李，将造物主赞扬为何我，却如哑巴般，不能演绎出更高昂的篇章。,.,15,ToMyDearandLovingHusband,Ifevertwowereone,thensurelywe.Ifevermanwerelovedbywife,thenthee;Ifeverwifewashappyinaman,Comparewithmeyewomenifyoucan.Iprizethylovemorethanwholeminesofgold,OralltherichesthattheEastdothhold.Myloveissuchthatriverscannotquench(熄灭),Noroughtbutlovefromthee,giverecompense赔偿.ThyloveissuchIcannowayrepay,TheheavensrewardtheemanifoldIpray.Thenwhilewelive,inloveletssopersevere,Thatwhenwelivenomore,wemayliveever.,.,16,致我亲爱的丈夫,若说世上有两人如水乳相融不分，那定然是我和你。若说世上有一位男子得到了妻子所有的爱，那定然是你；若说世上有一位妻子能因男子而得到所有的快乐，女人们，你们谁能和我相比呢？我珍视你的爱更甚于所有金矿或是所有东方宝藏。河水不能浇熄我的感情，唯有你的爱能把一切偿清。你的爱我无以为报，只祈求上苍赐予你所有的好。在生之时，我们要坚持相爱，百年之后，我们才能永远同在。,.,17,Somecomments,朱小琳博士在其论文“在天国与俗世之间安妮布拉兹特里特的诗性超越”提到：北美殖民时期女诗人安妮布拉兹特里特诗歌创作风格清新细腻，意象单纯率真，有较高的艺术价值。诗人拷问父权、神权和教义，揭示了清教规范和人本主义思想之间的冲突，她以对人性的深刻洞察力和理解力调节了清教对世俗生活的刻板要求，凸显了早期女性对社会意识形态的认知和评价。（社会科学论坛）,.,18,杨保林：“诗为心声安妮布拉兹特里特及其诗歌艺术”（贵州大学学报（社会科学版）2010年第2期）安妮.布拉兹特里特是美国第一位著名的女诗人,她的诗歌反映了北美殖民地早期移民尤其是妇女的生活和感情。安妮从小就受古典文学的熏陶,她以诗歌这一经典文学体裁为媒介书写自我、表达情感,并对诗歌进行了一些有意义的实验。安妮的诗真切、细腻而有节制,主题涉及宗教、家庭和社会等层面,在一定程度上折射出了早期女性移民与当时的社会语境之间的关系。,.,19,Conclusion,BradstreetsfinestpoemsareclosesttoherpersonalexperienceasaPuritanwifeandmotherlivingontheedgeofthewilderness.Anotherthemeinherpoemsisherreligiousexperience.InherwritingBradstreetgivesaninsightofPuritanviewsofsalvationandredemption.,.,20,Bradstreetspoemsofreligiousexperienceanddomesticintimacywereuniqueandgenuine,delicateandcharmingembodyingherprofoundunderstandingofreligionandhumanity.Allthesecanfindexpression“ToMyDearandLovingHusband”,whichwasfoundamongherpapersafterherdeathandpublishedposthumously.,.,21,EdwardTaylor(Chapter4):aPuritanministerandthebestpoetoftheperiodHispoemswerecomposedinsermon(布道，说教).,.,22,I.LifeandCareer,EdwardTaylorwasborninSketchley,Englandprobablytoadissenter(持异议者).HegrewupduringthePuritanCommonwealthandtheProtectorateofOliverCromwell.Heenjoyedayouthgenerallyfreeofreligiouspersecution.,.,23,I.LifeandCareer,Inhistwenties,heleftEnglandandemigratedtoMassachusetts,whereheenteredHarvardCollegetopreparehimselffortheministry.Aftergraduatingin1671,hebecamepastorofthechurchinthefrontiervillageofWestfield,Massachusetts.,.,24,I.LifeandCareer,Therehelivedduringtheremainingfiftyeightyearsofhislife,servingthepeoplebothasministerandtownphysician.,Therehelived,.,25,I.LifeandCareer,InthetwocenturiesafterTaylorsdeaththeexistenceofhispoemswasalmostforgotten;butsince1929,whenaselectionfromhismanuscriptswasfirstpublished,hehasbeenrecognizedbycriticsasthegreatestAmericanpoetbeforethenineteenthcentury.,.,26,I.LifeandCareer,LikeJonathanEdwards,Taylorwasanorthodox（传统的，正统的）PuritanwhobelievedintheCalvinisticdoctrineofelection.Buthedweltbypreferenceontheelectratherthanonthedamned,andhispoemsshowalovingChristandajoyinPuritanism.,.,27,II.LiteraryWorks,UponaSpiderCatchingaFlyTheEbbandFlowUponWedlockandDeathofChildrenGodsDeterminationPreparatoryMeditations,.,28,III.ThecharacteristicsofHisWriting,Hedidnotwritehispoemsforpublication,rather,heusedthemasaidstomeditationandaspreparationforgivingcommuniontohiscongregation.OnepartofthepoemsdealwiththecentralPuritandoctrinesofelection,graceandchurchfellowship.,.,29,III.ThecharacteristicsofHisWriting,Anotherpartisaspiritualautobiography.HewasinfluencedbytheEnglishmetaphysicalandmeditationalversetraditionsthroughtheuseofextravagantlanguageandemot