单词检查40.doc

必修四Unit 1 Great women and their achievementsV 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起典例1). She looks down on people whove never been to university. 她瞧不起没上过大学的人。2). You can t look down upon a person because he is poor. 你不能因为某个人穷而瞧不起他。重点用法 look短语：look on sb./ sth. as = consider sb./ sth. as把某人看作look on 袖手旁观 look into sth. 调查或观察某事物look up 查阅(单词、资料)；向上看 look (sb.) up and down 上下打量(某人) look out for sb/sth警惕或留心某人/物2. refer to 谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提及；指而言典例 1). We agreed never to refer to the matter again. 我们同意不再谈这件事了。 2). She thought I was referring to her daughter when we were talking. 当我们谈话时她以为我指的是她的女儿。重点用法refer to sb./sth. as 把某人/物称作 refer sth./sb. to 把某事提交；让某人向求助 3. come across = run across = meet by chance (偶然) 遇见；碰见典例 1) . I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning. 今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。2). She came across some old photographs in a drawer. 她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。短语归纳 come短语：come about = happen 发生 come from 来自come out 出现；开花；出版或发表；透露；显出 come up 升起；发生；出现come up with sth 找到或提出（答案办法等）4. carry on 继续；坚持典例 1). Carry on (working/with your work) while Im away. 我不在的时候, 要继续做工作。2). They decided to carry on in spite of the weather. 他们决定不管天气好坏都坚持。 短语归纳 carry短语：carry on (doing sth/with sth.) 继续(做)某事 carry out 贯彻，执行carry out a plan/orders/instructions执行计划/命令/指示carry sth through 成功完成某事物carry about随身携带 carry away运走, 使失去自制力5. live/lead a. life 过着的生活典例 They live a peaceful life. 他们过着平静的生活。短语归纳 “v. + 同源宾语”结构：smile a. smile 露出微笑 dream a. dream 做了个的梦 sleep a. sleep 睡个觉sing a. song 唱的歌die a. death 怎样地死去 fight a. battle 打的仗laugh a. laugh 发出方式的笑声Unit 2 Working the landIV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. struggle vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力典例 1). They were struggling to get out the burning car. 他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。2). The book is about their struggle for liberation. 这本书写的是他们为解放而作的斗争。词语归纳struggle for 为而斗争struggle with / against与作斗争struggle to do sth.努力做某事straggle to one s feet挣扎着站起来a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗2. equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备 equipment n.u 装备；设备典例1). They equipped themselves for the expedition. 他们为远征治装。2). A good education should equip you for life. 有良好的教育能受用终生。重点用法equip sb./sth. with 用武装某人；用装备某物 equip sb./sth. for 为而武装某人；为而装备某物 a piece of office equipment 一件办公设备3. regret (regretted) vt. (对)遗憾；惋惜 n.c,u 遗憾；惋惜典例1). If you go now, you ll regret it. 假若你现在就走, 一定得後悔。2). I regret to say the job has been filled. 十分抱歉, 那个工作已经有人做了。重点用法regret to say/tell/announce/inform 遗憾地说/告诉/宣布/通知 regret doing / having done sth. 后悔已做了某事 regret that 遗憾/后悔4. reduce vt.&vi. 减少；减缩 reduction n.缩减，减少，降低 典例1). He reduced his weight from 98 to 92 kilos/by 6 kilos. 他把体重从98公斤减少到92公斤。2). The reform has reduced us to servants of the State. 这一改革把我们都降为公务员了。重点用法reduce sth (from.) to. 把某物从减少到 reduce sth. by. 减少多少5. focus vt.&vi. 集中(注意力)；聚焦 n. c,u 焦点；中心点 典例1). Focus your camera. 把照相机的焦距调准。2). Her beauty makes her the focus of attention. 她长得漂亮, 很惹人注目。重点用法focus on集中于focus (one s attention/mind/efforts) on集中(注意力/心思/精力)于 6.comment vi.&vt. 表达意见；作出评论 n. c, u 评论；议论 典例1). The scandal caused a lot of comment. 这件丑闻遭到很多议论。2). “Will you resign, Minister?” “No comment!”“部长，你是要辞职吗?”“无可奉告。”重点用法comment on/about sth./sb. 对某事/某人评论make comments/no comment on sth./sb. 对某事/某人评论/不进行评论V 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为 (有时作反语) 典例1). Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved. 多亏你的帮助, 减少了许多麻烦。2). Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多亏这个倒霉天气, 比赛取消了。重点用法thanks to 相当于because of /owing to /due to / /on account of /as a result of 1). He was injured due to /owing to a car accident. 2). His failure is due to the fact that he lacks experience. 3). The train arrived late on account of /as a result of a heavy snow. 4). Thanks to him, I m getting better and better . 5). It was thanks to your stupidity that we lost the game . 2. rid sb./sth. of. 使某人/某物摆脱 典例1) . Many people are working hard to rid the world of famine. 很多人在努力使世界不再有饥荒。2). The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科医生把他的坏牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。 重点用法 rid 短语：be rid of 摆脱 get rid of 摆脱；除掉；去掉rid a house of mice 清除室内老鼠rid oneself of debt 还清债务类似用法动词inform/ warn/ cure sb. of 通知/警告/治愈某人3. be satisfied with = be content with 对表示满足或满意典例1). I was not satisfied with the result. 我对那个结果感到不满意。2). Youve done well at school. Im very satisfied with you. 你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。重点用法sth. satisfy sb. 某事使某人满意sb. is satisfied sth. 对表示满足或满意be satisfied to do 对做感到满意be satisfied that clause 对做感到满意a satisfied smile 满意的微笑a satisfied customer 感到满意的顾客feel a sense of satisfaction感到满足感to sb s / sth s satisfaction 使某人满意的是far from satisfactory 远远不能令人满足it is satisfying (to do sth) 做某事是令人满意的a satisfactory explanation / performance令人满意的解释/演出get/obtain/derive satisfaction from one s work 从自己的工作中得到满足4. would rather 宁愿典例1). I d rather walk than take a bus. 我愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽车。2). “Some more wine?” “Thank you, I d rather not. I have to drive home.”“再来一点酒好吗?”“不要了，我不能再喝了。 我还得开车回家呢。”重点用法would rather do A (than do B) = would (prefer to) do A (rather than do B) 宁愿做甲事(而不做乙事) would rather sb. did sth.宁愿某人做某事5. build up 逐渐建立；逐渐增强体质；积累；开发典例1). You need more protein to build you up. 你需要增加蛋白质以增强体质。2). He is now trying to build up a fine reputation. 他正在努力逐步赢得好的声誉。6. lead to 导致；造成（后果）；通往典例 1). This misprint led to great confusion. 这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。2). His actions could lead to him losing his job. 他的行为有可能会导致他丢了工作。短语归纳 lead短语：lead sb. to 把某人带到 ead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 lead sb. in doing sth. 领导/带领某人做某事 lead to sb. doing sth. 导致某人做某事7. keep.free from/of = protect sb./sth. from. 使免受(影响/伤害)；使不含(有害物) 典例 1). We should keep ourselves free from drugs. 我们应该远离毒品。2). I hope you will keep yourself free from tobacco and alcohol. 我希望你不抽烟不喝酒。Unit 3 A taste of English humourIV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. content vt. (使)满足；满意 n.u满足；书的内容目录；容器里的东西 adj.感到满足的典例 1). As there s no cream, we ll have to content ourselves with black coffee. 既然没有奶油, 我们只好喝清咖啡算了。2). He is content to remain where he is now. 他安於现状。重点用法content oneself with sth. 满足或满意於某事物 be/feel content with 对感到满足 be content to do sth. 愿意做某事to one s heart s content 尽情地；心满意足地2. astonish vt. 使惊诧；使吃惊 astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 astonished adj. 感到惊讶的 典例 1). The news astonished everybody. 这个消息令大家惊讶。2). I was astonished at/to hear the loud sound. 我被那些巨大的声响吓了一跳。重点用法be astonished at/by sth. 因/被感到惊讶be astonished to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶It astonishes sb. that 令某人惊讶的是be astonished that 对感到惊讶 3. entertain vt.使欢乐；款待 entertaining adj.愉快的；有趣的 entertainment n. 娱乐；款待典例1). Bob and Liz entertained us to dinner last night. 昨晚鲍勃和利兹设宴招待了我们。2). Could you entertain the children for an hour, while I make supper? 我做晚饭时, 你能哄孩子们玩一个小时吗?重点用法entertain sb. with sth./by doing sth. 用某物/通过做某事使某人欢乐 4. convince vt. 使信服；使确信 convincing adj. 令人信服的典例1). We convinced him to go by train rather than plane. 我们说服了他坐火车去，不要搭飞机去。2). How can I convince you (of her honesty)? 我怎样才能使你相信（她很诚实）呢?重点用法convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事convince sb. that 使某人相信be convinced of / that坚信；确信5. direct vt.&vi.导演，指示，指挥 adj.直的，直接的，直率的 adv.径直地典例1). Can you direct me (to the station)? 你告诉我（到车站）怎麽走好吗?2). She has a direct way of speaking. 她说话直爽。重点用法 direct 短语：direct.at/towards sb./sth. 把指向某人/事 direct sb. to a place 指引某人到某处 direct sb. to do sth. 指示/命令某人做某事direct (that) sb./sth. (should) do/be done 指示/命令某人/事做/被做6. whisper v.&n. 耳语；私语；密谈 典例1). “I feel very afraid,” she whispered. “我觉得很害怕，”她低声说。2). He spoke in a whisper. 他低声说话。重点用法 whisper 短语：whisper sth. 小声说某事 whisper to sb. 小声对某人说whisper sth. to sb. 小声对某人说某事 whisper to sb. that 小声对某人说whisper that 小声说 It is whispered that 据说 V 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. badly off 过得很差；穷的；缺少的 做表语或定语 典例1). They are too badly off to have a holiday. 他们贫困得根本谈不上度假。2). We shouldnt complain about being poor - many families are much worse off. 我们不应该因为穷而叫苦连天 许多人的家境更糟。重点用法反义词：well off 过得很富；富的；富有的做表语或定语2. pick out 挑出；辨别出 典例1). He picked out the ripest peach. 他把熟得最透的桃挑了出来。2). The window frames are picked out in blue against the white walls. 蓝色的窗框衬在白墙上十分显眼。 重点用法 pick out sb./sth. from. 从中挑出/辨别出某人/物pick up 捡起；让某人搭车；继续；摔倒后站起来；便宜地买到；接收(节目)；无意中学会3. cut off 切断(供应等)；断绝(联系等)典例1). Our water supply has been cut off. 我们断水了。2). If you don t pay your gas bill soon you may be cut off. 你若不立即付清煤气费，就要停止向你供气。重点用法 cut短语：cut down 砍倒；削减cut in 插嘴cut up 切碎 cut sth in half/two把某物切割成两半cut sth into halves/thirds/quarters/把某物切割成两半/三瓣/四瓣4. star in 在主演；担任主角典例She is to star in a new film. 她将主演一部新影片。重点用法 star短语：star sb (in sth.) 使某人担任主角；由某人主演Unit 5 Theme parksIV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. various adj. 不同的；各种各样的 vary vi.&vt. 有变化；改变 variety n. 变化；种种；种类典例 1). Their hobbies are many and various. 他们的业余爱好五花八门。2). There are various colours to choose from. 有各种各样的颜色可供选择。重点用法many and various 各种各样的 (多作表语) for various reasons 由於种种原因a considerable/great/wide variety of 各种各样的 in a variety of ways 用种种方法a variety of + n.(复数) 各种各样的 varieties of + n. (可数或不可数) 各种各样的2. amusement n. 娱乐品；娱乐；快乐 amuse v. 使消遣；逗(某人)笑典例1) . China s Cultural Theme Park offers its visitors a variety of amusement. 中华民俗园为游人提供了各种各样的娱乐项目。2) . To her great amusement the actor s wig fell off. 使她感到极其好笑的是那个演员的假发掉了下来。重点用法amuse oneself with以自娱 be amused at/by/with. 以为乐，被某事物逗得开心be amused to do. 做取乐 to one s amusement 使某人高兴/发笑的是 3. swing (swung, swung) vt.&vi.摇摆；摆动 n.c摇摆；千秋典例1). His arms swung / He swung his arms as he walked. 他走路时摆动着手臂。2). The girl sat on a swing, swinging back and forth. 那个女孩坐在千秋上，前后摇摆。重点用法swing around/round 突然转向相反方向 swing sb from sth to sth (使某人) 突然改变观点或情绪等4. fun n.u 有趣的人或事，玩笑，娱乐 funny adj.可笑的，有趣的，滑稽的典例1). Skating is good fun. 滑冰很有趣。2). Your friend is great fun. 你的朋友真逗趣。重点用法What fun it is to do sth. 做某事多有趣啊! be full of fun 好玩得很have fun 玩得开心,开展娱乐活动 for fun 非认真地，开玩笑地，为了好玩in fun 开玩笑地，非故意地 make fun of 取笑，拿开玩笑 5. preserve vt. 保存；保留；保护 n.c,u保护(区) preservation n.保存；储藏；维护典例1). Oil preserves metal from rust. 油保护金属免于生锈。2). No hunting is allowed in the preserve. 保护区内禁止打猎。我们已采取有效措施保护自然资源。重点用法preserve sb. from保护某人免受preserve sth. for 为而保存/保留某物 keep sth. in preserve = put sth. on preserve 保存/保留某物6. advance vi.前进 vt. 预先发放，提前 n. 进展 advanced adj. 高级的；先进的典例1). Our troops have advanced two miles. 我们的部队已经前进了两英里。2). We benefit from the continued advance of civilization. 我们得益于文明的不断进步。重点用法 advance on/towards sb/sth 向某人/物前进 advance in sth 改进/改善某物in advance (of sth) = beforehand = ahead of time 预先，事先，事前V 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. be famous/known for 由于而闻名；以而著称典例1). The area is famous for its green tea. 这个地区以绿茶出名。2). New York is known for its skyscrapers. 纽约以其摩天大楼驰名。重点用法be famous/known as sth. 作为而被知道，了解 be famous/known to sb. 被某人所知道2. no wonder = i