写作词汇分类补充1.doc

写作分类词组积累教育类学知识 gain/acquire knowledge 耗费时间 idle away their time改善孩子的身体/心理健康 enhance/improve childrens physical/psychological health损害孩子的身体/心理健康 hurt/damage childrens physical/psychological health把精力集中在.上面 focus on/concentrate on分散学生的注意力 distract students from减轻学生压力 relieve/ease academic pressure加重学习压力 intensify academic pressure锻炼学生的意志力 strengthen students willpower让孩子们变得更加脆弱 weaken students willpower激发学生对的兴趣 stimulate learner interest in削弱学生对的兴趣 dampen/sap learner interest in发挥学生的潜力 fulfill studentspotential浪费学生的潜力 waste studentspotential理论结合实践 integrate theory and practice导致理论和实践脱节 disconnect theory from practice培养创造力 foster/cultivate creativity扼杀创造力 stifle creativity提高学习效率 boost/enhance learning efficiency降低学习效率 lower learning efficiency给学生以动力做某事 motivate sb to do sth挫败 frustrate sb to do sth传授知识 impart(vt.) knowledge灌输高尚的道德观 instill(vt.) high moral values (注意values复数表示价值观)给学生以动力 give the students motivation to do sth. Motivate the students to do sth.给学生以灵感 stimulate the studentsthought give the students inspiration培养（某种素质） cultivate/foster/nurture(vts.)促进学生身心的发展 promote the students physcial/mental/ intellectual and emotional development 心理健康 psychological soundness/ well-being塑造某人的性格 mould ones character责任感 a sense of obligation能力(先天获得) aptitude/talent能力（后天学习得到） ability/skill学生接受的学校教育（n） schooling(n)儿童接受的家庭教育（n） upbringing(n) parenting(n)限制创造力的发展 extiguish(vt.)/stifle(vt.)/constrain(vt.) creativity(noun)打击学生的积极性 dampen/sap(vts) the students enthusiasm frustrate the students同辈压力 peer pressure 适应（v） adapt to sth./adjust oneself to sth./become accustomed to sth.逆境 adverse circumstances/adversity团队精神 team spirit(n) 独立思考 think independently(adv)鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题 encourage students to think critically(adv)学生的反馈 students feedback学生评价老师的教学 students evaluate(vt) their teachersperformance理论知识 theoretical knowledge就业技能 employable/marketable skills 全面发展的 well-rounded/versatile(adj)为社会健康发展作贡献 contribute to social(adj) well-being(n)科技类Technology增加了人们的选择 multiply peoplechoices限制了人们的选择 restrict peoplechoices解放工人 liberate workers奴隶雇员 enslave employee提高效率 enhance/boost efficiency干扰员工的工作 distract employers from their work从事科学研究 carry out/conduct scientific research中止科学研究 stop/suspend/discontinue scientific research减慢生活节奏 slow down the pace of life加快生活节奏 speed up /accelerate/quicken the pace of life促进沟通 promote communication （已发）阻碍沟通 hinder communication加大贫富差距 widen/expand the gap between the rich and the poor缩小贫富差距 bridge/narrow the gap between the rich and the poor减少成本 reduce the cost增加成本 raise the cost改善人际关系 improve interpersonal relationship导致人与人之间的疏远 alienate individuals让我们的生活更加便捷 make our lives more convenient让我们的生活更加复杂 make our lives more complicate治疗某种疾病 cure a disease导致某种疾病 cause a disease远程通讯 telecommunications(n)尖端的技术 cutting-edge(adj) technology信息爆炸 information exposion信息时代 the information age/era互联网被广泛的应用 the proliferation(n) of the Internet太空探索（n） space exploration 科技创新与发展 technological innovations/inventions/advances/progression(n)提高效率 augment/enhance/boost(vts) efficiency提高生产效率 augment/enhance/boots productivity媒体展现事实真相 present truths歪曲事实 distort facts吸引观众 appeal to the audience激怒观众 offend the audience传播思想 disseminate/spread ideas控制思想 control ideas启发人们的头脑 enlighten people minds腐蚀孩子们的思想 corrupt childrens minds 提高某人的公众形象 enhance ones public image毁坏某人的公众形象 ruin/tarnish ones reputation开阔视野 expand ones vision （已发）限制某人的眼界 limit/restrict ones vision增进感情 reinforce family bonds与亲人变得疏远 get estranged from ones family members扩大产品市场 enlarge the market for products减少对的消费 reduce the consumption of 帮孩子们找到榜样 provide children with role models导致青少年变得更加暴力 make youngsters more aggressive给观众信息 inform the audience误导观众 mislead the audience揭露真相 uncover the truth隐瞒真相 conceal the truth侵犯隐私 violate/intrude on/infringe on someones privacy破坏某人的名誉 tarnish/sully/smear ones reputation狗仔队 paparazzi(复数名词 不再加s)新闻界 the press印刷媒体（如报纸 杂志） the print media报道新闻的机构 news outlets电子媒体 the electronic media名人 a celebrity/celebrities(plu)时事 current affairs丑闻 scandals无处不在 prevalent/ubiquitous/pervasive(adj)媒体炒作（n） media hype 有误导性的 misleading/ distorted(adjs)虚假的 false/(adj)夸大事实 exaggerate(vt) things充斥着 be saturated with sth.掩盖（丑闻或罪行等） cover up可信的 reliable/trustworthy/dependable客观公正的 objective and balanced(adjs)及时的 up-to-the-minute(adj)/up-to-date(adj) 前者比后者更加及时信息量大的 informative娱乐性强的 entertaining(adj)政府减少贫富差距 bridge/narrow the gap between the wealthy and the needy扩大贫富差距 widen/expand the gap between the rich and the poor解决某个问题 resolve/address a problem忽视某个问题 ignore/overlook the problem提高公众对意识 raise citizens awareness of导致公民对于十分麻木 render citizens indifferent to改善基础设施 improve the infrastructure破坏 基础设施 undermine the infrastructure给媒体自由 free the media审查媒体 censor the media产生税收 generate tax revenue减少税收 reduce tax revenue刺激经济发展 spur/stimulate economic development阻碍经济的发展 hinder/impede economic development为拨款 allocate money to 减少.的资金 reduce the funding for 提高人们的生活水平lift/elevate peoples standard of living降低公民的生活水平 lower citizens遏制武器的扩散 curb the proliferation of weapons导致武器的扩散 cause the proliferation of weapons许可某事 approve sth禁止某事 ban/prohibit sth规范，管理 regulate/administer(vt)实施 implement(vt)立法 legislate(vi)/make laws严禁(v) strictly prohibit/ban 严格的法律 stringent laws/legislation规章制度 rules and regulations下岗工人 laid-off workers/downsized workers发展类消除贫困 eliminate poverty加大贫富差距 expand the gap between the wealthy and the needy保护老房子 preserve old buildings拆掉老房子 remove/demolish old buildings接受健康的生活方式 adopt a healthy lifestyle采取不健康的生活方式 follow an unhealthy lifestyle提供就业机会 offer/afford/create employment opportunity减少就业机会 reduce employment opportunity减慢生活节奏 slow down the pace of life加快生活节奏 speed up/accelerate/quicken the pace of life减轻交通堵塞 ease/relieve traffic congestion 加重交通堵塞 worsen/exacerbate traffic 扩大内需 increase/expand domestic demand减少消费 reduce consumption为公众做贡献 contribute to the public追求名利 seek/pursue fame and health更新技能 upgrade skills拒绝改变 resist change 尊重老人 respect elderly people不尊重老人 disrespect seniors生活节奏加速 the tempo/pace of life has accelerated疲劳 fatigue(n)抑郁症 depression失眠 sleeplessness /insomnia(n)导致人与人之间疏远 create（vt）alienation(n) between people过于功利的 money-worshipping(adj)追求最大限度利润 pursue(vt) maximum profit交通堵塞 traffic jams/traffic congestions阻碍(v) impede/hinder/hamper/obstruct/inhibit(vt)让人担心的 worrying/worrisome/disturbing危害，破坏（v） undermine/spoil /ruin/imperil/endanger/jeopardise危害，破坏（n）harm/damage/destruction恶化（v） worsen(vi,vt)/deteriorate(vi)导致某种问题更加恶化 amplify(vt)/magnify(vt)/ecacerbate(vt)/aggravate(vt) a problem缓解 ease/alleviate有特殊审美价值的老房子 old building of special aesthetic value有特殊历史意义的老房子 building of historic significance让城市更美观 beautify(vt) the cities/better(vt) the cityscape破旧的（房子） decrepit/rundown拆除 tear down a building/demolish a building/raze a building/knock down a building高楼 high-rise buildings摩天楼 skyscrapers城乡差距 the disparity(n) between the city and the countryside城市的 urban乡村的 rural搬迁 relocate(vi,vt)休闲 leisure/recreation(n)娱乐 entertainment/recreation/pleasure/enjoyment宽松的管理(n) laissez-faire management(n)运营成本（n） operating costs/overhead cost雇用（v） recruit(vt)会导致效率降低的（adj） counterproductive劳动力资源 labour(BrE) pool人口爆炸 population explosion(n)/population boom控制人口 birth control/family planning贫穷的 needy/poverty-stricken/impoverished/deprived/destitude富裕的 affluent/wealthy/well-off缺少运动的生活方式 sedentary(adj) lifestyle营养过剩 overnourishment(n)扶贫 poverty alleviation(n)文化保护传统 preserve traditions破坏传统 undermine tradition珍惜文化遗产 cherish cultural heritage无视文化遗产 ignore/disregard cultural heritage促进文化交流 promote cultural communication阻碍文化交流 impede cultural communication强化一个国家的文化特征 strengthen the cultural identity of a nation侵蚀一个国家的文化特征 erode the cultural identity of a nation增强民族团结 strengthen ethnic solidarity削弱民族团结 weaken ethnic solidarity美化市容 enhance the cityscape破坏市容 spoil the cityscape适应某事 adapt to /adjust to /get accustomed to抗拒变化 resist change丰富人们的生活 enrich peoples life让我们的生活单调 render our lives monotonous激发想象力 stimulate imagination腐蚀人们的头脑 corrupt peoples minds给观众娱乐 entertain the audience with让观众觉得无聊 bore the audience with环境类节约资源 conserve resources 消耗资源 consume/deplete resources保护环境 preserve the environment严重破坏环境 ruin/damage the environment促进可持续发展 promote sustainable development以生态为代价发展经济 push forward the economy at the expense of the ecosystem提高公民的某种意识 raise/elevate citizens awareness of降低公民的某种意识 lower citizens awareness of开发自然资源 harness natural resources 滥用自然资源 misuse natural resources 丰富生物多样性 enrich biodiversity威胁 生物多样性 jeopardize biodiversity减少汽车尾气 reduce car emissions忽视尾气问题 overlook the emission problem循环使用某物 recycle sth扔到某物 throw sth away担负责任 shoulder responsibility逃避责任 shirk responsibility保护野生动物 protect/preserve wild animals威胁野生动物 endanger wild animals合理使用资源 use resources properly 耗尽资源 use up /exhaust resources生态系统 ecosystem/ecological system生物多样性 biodiversity(n)生态平衡 ecological balance/ecological equilibrium(n)可持续发展 sustainable development环保主义者 environmentalist/conservationists对环境无害的 environmentally-frendly(adj)节约使用 conserve(vt)保护 preserve再利用 reuse/recycle开采自然资源 exploit natural resources短缺（n） shortage/scarcity/dearth/lack消耗（某种资源） consume/deplete(vts)用尽（某种资源） use up/exhaust(vts)砍伐森林 deforestation(n)污染 pollute/contaminate(vts)排放 discharge温室效应 greenhouse effect/global warming严重的 severe/grave/grievous(adjs)恶化 deteriorate/aggravate前者为自身恶化，后者为被恶化可再生资源 renewable resources不可再生资源 non-renewable resources严厉的措施 harsh action/measures增强公众关于的意识 raise/elevate the public awareness of sth 犯罪类遵守法律 obey/abide by/comply with the law违反法律 break/violate the law打击犯罪 combat crime纵容犯罪 condone crime导致犯罪率上升 drive up the crime rate降低 犯罪率 lower the crime rate尊重囚犯的权利 respect prisoners rights 侵害囚犯的权利 violate prisoners rights 改造囚犯 reform/rehabilitate prisoners虐囚 abuse prisoners教育罪犯 educate criminals 体罚罪犯 physically punish prisoners维护社会秩序 maintain social order扰乱社会秩序 disturb social order确保社会稳定 ensure social stability威胁社会稳定 threaten social stability抵制诱惑 resist temptation屈从诱惑 succumb to temptation触犯法律 break/violate/disobey the law犯罪 commit a crime罪行