北师大版高中英语模块一全册名校学案.doc

Lesson 1 A Perfect Day?Language PointsObjectiveTo master some phrases and sentence structuresVocabulary Learning1. switch on=turn on把开关打开；接通switch off=turn off关掉；关上switch over (to)转换频道；练习：First, you should switch the machine on.首先你要把机器电源接通。He switched off the television because he did not like those television programmes.他把电视机关了，因为他不喜欢那些电视节目。I usually switch over to BBC2 to watch the latest movie review.我通常转到BBC2看最新的影评。2at weekends=at the weekend在周末 on weekdays在工作日练习：Our office is closed at the weekend. = Our office is closed at weekends.我们办公室周末关闭。Most school libraries are open on weekdays.大部分学校图书馆工作日开放。3 live this lifestyle过这种生活 live / lead a (happy/poor)life 过的生活 dream a dream做的梦 练习：Now farmers of China live a much happier life than before.现在中国农民过上了比以往更幸福的生活。I dreamt a strange dream last night.我昨晚做了一个怪梦。4 in the evenings = in the evening on the evening of = on evening练习： How about going to see a film on Sunday evening? =How about going to see a film on the evening of Sunday? Do you have to go to school on the evening of Saturday? =Do you have to go to school on Saturday evening?5. at ones desk = at desk在伏案工作 at the desk在书桌旁 at the table在饭桌旁 at table在吃饭 练习： She is sitting at the desk, reading English. 她坐在书桌旁读英语。 Dont interrupt her. She is at desk. 别打扰她，她在工作呢。 The family is at table. 他们一家人在吃饭。 After supper, they were still sitting at the table talking about home affairs. 晚饭后，他们仍坐在饭桌旁谈论着家事。6Work ones way through努力完成（工作），实现（目标） Li Lua plans to work her way through Beijing University. 李华的打算是努力学习，考上北京大学。 我爸爸正在努力完成他的工作。 My father is working his way through his work.7take up Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day. 占据时间 The new sofa has taken up much place of the sitting room.占据空间 He took up a job as a teacher three years ago.开始从事某事（尤指职业） take down Who could help me to take down the curtains? 拿下，取下 The old school gate was taken down yesterday. 拆除 Please take down the useful expressions while listening.记下 take offThe rocket took off in a flash. （飞机等）起飞 Take off your shoes before entering the bedroom.脱下（衣帽等） Mp4 has taken off recently. （观念、产品等）突然大受欢迎 take onMany places in China have taken on a new look in recent years. 呈现 练习： 我知道你很忙，我不会占用你很长时间的。I know you are busy and I wont take up too much of your time. 我把很多时间都用在工作上。A great deal of my time is taken up with working. 这饭桌占了很多空间，我们要一张小一点的。The table takes up too much room and we need a smaller one. 汤姆开始了画画，但不久就失去兴趣了。Tome took up painting, but soon lost interest. 8Be filled with= be full of装着；装满 Fill with把装进练习：那瓶子装满了油。The bottle is filled with oil. The bottle is full of oil.别把油装进瓶子里。Dont fill the bottle with oil.9Complain about sth. 抱怨，投诉，发牢骚complain (to sb). about sth.向某人抱怨、投诉某事complain (to sb). of sth. 向某人抱怨、投诉某事 Complain (to sb) that向某人抱怨、投诉某事 Complaint n. 抱怨、埋怨、不满 Complaint about/ of sth. 对的抱怨、埋怨、不满练习： She always complains to her parents about/of the school meals. 她总向父母抱怨学校的饭食。 We have a number of complaints about their service. 对他们的服务我们有些怨言。 Ive really got nothing to complain of/about. 我确实没有什么可抱怨的。He complained to the waiter that his meals were cold. 他向服务员抱怨他的饭菜是凉的。 He complained that the exam was too hard. 他抱怨考试太难了。 He complained to the police of/about the boys stealing his apples. 他向警方控告那些男孩偷他的苹果。 They complained about/of the food 他们抱怨这糟糕的食物。 10get bored变得厌烦 （get+adj.） bored 厌烦的（指人的感受） boring 令人厌烦的（指物） 类似用法的词有：surprised / surprising; excited /exciting frightened /frightening moved /moving puzzled /puzzling 练习： He got/became bored by her boring speech. 他被那些令人厌烦的话搞烦了。get changed 表示对自己身体的外表做某事，动作完成后主语所处的状态，此时过去分词多具有反身意义，类似用法的词组还有：get dressed穿衣服get undressed脱下衣服，get shaved刮脸/刮胡子; get washed洗澡 Hurry and get dressed or youll be late.快点穿衣服啦，否则你会迟到的。He could not wash himself or get dressed. 他既不会洗澡，也不会穿衣。She got washed after she got back home from work. 她下班回到家后洗了澡。11. matter 一、作名词 The world is made up of matter世界是由物质构成的。物质, 作不可数名词用It is of no matter这无关紧要。要紧事, 作不可数名词用It relates to a matter of time这涉及到一个时间问题。问题, 作可数名词用。 I have nothing to do now. Could you offer me some reading matter? 我现在无事可做。你能给我点儿可读的东西吗？ 东西；作可数名词用。3表示“毛病；麻烦事”，与定冠词连用，作表语或定语。 Is there anything the matter with her？她出了什么事吗？Whats the matter with the car？这辆小汽车怎么了？ 二、作不及物动词 表示“要紧；有重大关系”，是不及物动词，用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。 It doesnt matter where she goes. 她去哪儿没有关系。 It doesnt matter to me what you do你做什么对我都无关紧要。 表示“有关系”时，也可用于肯定句，常与to连用。 That car matters (matter) a great deal to her那辆车对她来说事关重大。It doesnt matter if I miss the train, because theres another later. 我要是误了这趟火车也不要紧，因为晚些时候还有一趟车呢。Does it matter a great deal to her whether they come or not？ 他们是否来，这与她有很大关系吗？ 练一练：1这台机器怎么啦？ Whats the matter with the machine？ 2我们有更重要的事需要考虑。 We have more important matters to think about 3你什么时候到无关紧要。 It doesnt matter when you arrive 12besides I have five other books besides this. 除这本以外, 我还有五本别的书。“除外, 另外还有”, 着重“另外还有”He has no money beside this. 他除此之外没有钱了。除了之外(不再有)besides 和 except 的区别Besides milk and cheese, we need vegetables. 除了牛奶和干酪外，我们还需要蔬菜。I looked everywhere except there.我看了每一个地方，就没看那个地方。在肯定句 besides 和 except 含义相反，besides 表示“除了之外，还有”，except 表示“除了没有之外”。No one passed except Richard. = No one passed besides Richard.除了理查德之外，再也没有人通过。在否定句 besides 和 except 含义相同besides adv.，而且I need the money. And besides, when I agree to do something, I do it. 我需要那笔钱，而且，当我答应做某事，我就得做。练习：Besides English, he has to study German. 除了英语, 他还要学德语。People choose jobs for other reasons besides money.人们选择工作除了金钱之外还有其它原因。I dont want to come out now. And besides, I must work. 我现在不想出去，而且我还得工作。13 Suppose认为、认定、假定、猜想 Suppose sb./sth. (to be)+adj./名词短语 Everyone suppose him (to be) poor, but he is really rich. 大家都认为他很穷，实际上他很富有。 练习： 人们认为他很笨，实际上他很聪明。People suppose him (to be) stupid, but he is really clever. 她被认为是我们班最优秀的学生。She is supposed (to be) the best students in our class. Suppose sb./sth. to have done（当猜测的内容发生在suppose之前） They supposed the paper to have been lost during the war. 他们认为那份文件在战争期间丢失了。 警察逮捕了他，因为他们认为他杀死了那位女士。The police arrested him because he was supposed to have killed the lady. Suppose it + adj./n. +to do I suppose it my duty to help those in poverty. 我认为帮助那些处于贫困的人是我的义务。 -Is he angry? -Yes, I suppose so. / No, I suppose not.练习： 她认为现在改变她的想法太晚了。She supposed that it was too late to change her mind.She supposed it too late to change her mind.我猜你已经完成了作业。I suppose that you have already finished your homework.I suppose you to have already finished your homework. 14. go offThe alarm clock went off at 6:00 and woke me. （闹钟）响The gun went off by accident. (枪）开火A few minutes later the bomb went off, destroying the building. 爆炸Dont go off with saying goodbye. 离开练习：火警警报器一响，我立刻冲出屋子。As soon as the alarm went off, I rushed out of the house.炸弹在一条拥挤的街道上爆炸了。The bomb went off in a crowded street.汤姆告诉海伦不要不通知他就离开。Tom told Helen not to go off without informing him.Sentence structure1. It takes sb. time to do sth.某人花时间做某事It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash dishes everyday.每天我最多花15分钟洗碗。It takes me five minutes to go to school by bike.我骑自行车上学需要5分钟时间。Sb. spend time (in) doing sthSb. spend time on sth. He spent the whole morning in reading the report. (read)Most of her life was spent in caring for other. (care for)I spent a whole day painting the room.我用了一整天的时间粉刷那间房子。Sth. cost sb. sth.The sweater cost me 50 yuan.练习：那只花瓶花了我200元。The vase cost me 200 yuan.我用了一周的时间读完这本书It took me a whole week to finish reading this book.I spent a whole week in finish reading this book.2. I am always the first person to get to the office. be + the + 序数词名词to do sth. 第几个做某事 She is always the first person to get to school everyday in our classroom. 在我们班她总是第一个人回到学校的人。 Lesson 2 Relaxing重点词语1 expert adj. n. 专家, 内行, 能手, 熟练者, 有经验者, 老手be expert in/at/on . 在.方面是专家an expert in economics 经济学专家a fashion expert 时装专家an expert at driving a car老练的驾驶人She is an expert in teaching. 她在教学方面是专家。2 reduce 减少(小, 轻); 缩减 reduction n.reduce sth. byreduce sth. to reduce the speed 降低速度All the shirts were reduced to 10 yuan.所有衬衫都减价至10元。All the shirts were reduced by 10 yuan.所有衬衫都降价了10元。3 Prefer Prefer + n. 更喜欢Prefer (not) to do sth. 宁愿（不）做某事Prefer sb.(not) to do sth. 宁愿某人（不）做某事Prefer sth. to sth.宁愿（喜欢）而不愿（喜欢）Prfer doing sth. to dong sth. 宁愿做而不愿做Prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.Ex.1 Of the two cars, I prefer the red one.两辆汽车中，我更喜欢红色的那辆。2 I prefer to stay here. =I prefer staying here.我宁愿呆在这儿。3 Mother prefers me to go shopping with her.妈妈更喜欢我与她一起去购物。4 She prefers English to maths. 数学与英语相比，她更喜欢英语。5 Tom prefers swimming to skating.游泳与滑冰相比，她更喜欢游泳。6 Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.与女人相比，男人总是宁可在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物。7 I prefer to die rather than give up. 我宁死也不愿屈服。4 causen.原因(a/the cause of)n.理由(a/the cause for +n. /a/the cause to do)v.引起cause sth.Cause sb. sth.= cause sth. to sb.Cause sb/sth. to do sth.导致某人/某物做某事What was the cause of the fire? 那场火灾的原因是什么？Drunken driving is often the cause of accidents.醉酒开车常为肇事的原因。Dont be late without cause. 不要无故迟到。You have no cause for complaint. = you have no cause to complain. 你没有理由抱怨。What caused his sickness? = What was the cause of his sickness? 他的病因如何？He caused his parents a lot of trouble. = He caused a lot of trouble to his parents. 他带给父母很多麻烦。The drought caused the plants to die.久旱造成植物枯萎。cause 和reason 的区别cause 指“产生结果的原因” 或“使某事发生的原因”Carelessness is the cause of his failure. 粗心是他失败的原因。reason 指“根据事实、情况或产生的结果,推导出结论的理由或道理”The reason for the flood was the heavy rain. 那场大雨是发生洪水的原因。5 prevent preventable可阻止的，可制止的preventive预防的, 防护的prevention预防, 阻止prevent +n /doing阻止某物/阻止做什么事情prevent +n.+from doing sth. 使.不做某事, 阻止.做某事We should do our best to prevent accidents.我们应该尽力避免意外。Nothing will prevent my marrying her.没有事情能够阻止我娶她。The bad weather prevented me from attending the meeting. 恶劣的天气使我不能出席会议。What prevented him from going? 什么事阻止了他去?6 Lose weight 减肥 put on weight 增肥weight n.重量 in weightby weight按重量计算gross weight毛重net weight净重weigh vt. 称, 称.的重量What is the weight of this gold coin? 这块金币的重量是多少？It is fifty grams in weight. 它的重量是50克。Apples are sold by weight.苹果是论重量卖的。How much does it weigh? 它有多重？ It weights 6 pounds.它有6磅重。The man weighed the fish by hand.那个男人用手估量那条鱼的重量7 suffersufferer（疾病等的）受苦者，受难者，患者 suffering(s) n. (身体，精神上的)痛苦，苦恼 The patient kept complaining of his suffering all night.那个患者整个晚上不停地叫苦。8 diet 日常饮食Be on a diet=go on a diet节食dietary adj. 饮食的，规定饮食的A balanced diet is a healthy diet. 均衡的饮食是有利于健康的饮食。Im on a diet. 我在节食She is on a low-fat diet.她正在接受低脂肪的饮食。9 take turns依次，轮流 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 in turn轮流我们轮流打扫课室。We take turns to clean the classroom.We clean the classroom in turn.10 have something/nothing to do with与有关/无关I think the problem they have with the striking has something to do with their confidence. 我认为他们射门上的问题与自信心有关。My stomachache may have something to do with the food I ate yesterday. 我肚子疼可能与我昨天吃的东西有关系。11 social adj.社会的society n. 社会12 Organize v.Organization n.13 standPut up withbear14 Certain Certainly15 make a listLesson 3 A Volunteer TeacherWords and Phrases1. make a decision to do sth.决定做某事decide v.decision n.decisive adj. 决定性的; 明确的;决定做某事：Decide to do sth.We decided to put off the trip to the US.我们决定推迟美国之行。Decide that(从句用should do,should可省略)We decide that we should widen the road.我们决定拓宽这条路。Make a decision to do sth.He has made a decision to buy a new computer.他已经决定买一台新电脑。Make up ones mind to do sth.The doctor made up his mind to go aboard for further education.那位医生决定出国深造。Determine to do sthWe have determined to get the work done before National Day.我们已决定国庆节前完成这项工作。Be determined to do sth.He is determined to give up smoking.他决心戒烟。一句多译。这位年轻科学家决心继续自己的研究。The young scientist decided to go on with his research.The young scientist decided that he should go on with his research.The young scientist made a decision to go on with his research.The young scientist made up his mind to go on with his research.The young scientist determined to go on with his research.The young scientist is determined to go on with his research.2. graduate from从毕业见双第2期B2版3. be different from与不同different adj.difference n.make a difference产生差别，有影响，起重要作用make no difference没有影响differ v. differ from不同于; 和.不同; 和.意见不一致differently adv.他的意见和我的完全不同。His opinion is entirely different from mine.His opinion differs entirely from mine. 你选择哪一个，事关重大。It makes a difference which you choose.不管你去还是不去，对我没有影响。It makes no difference to me whether you go or not.4. be proud of sth/sb.以为骄傲，以.为荣; 以.自豪proud adj. as proud as a peacock 像孔雀那样骄傲;pride n/v.be proud of = take pride in以为骄傲，以.为荣; 以.自豪pride oneself on/upon 以自豪， 夸耀她感到自豪。She is proud of herself. She takes pride in herself.她妈妈以她为荣。Her mother is proud of her daughter.Her mother takes pride in her daughter.他以会说法语而自豪。He prides himself on his ability to speak French.Sentences 1. Its my duty to do something for students in poor areas.It is +n. to do sth.(it 形式主语to do sth.真正的主语)It is +adj. to do sth.帮助他人是件好事。It is good to help others. 照料那位病人是我的职责。It is my duty to care for that patient. 掌握一门外语不是件容易的事。 It is not an easy thing to master a foreign language. 在别人背后说坏话是不对的。It isnt right to speak ill of someone behind his back.上网是件令人兴奋的事。It is exciting to surf the Internet.2. Thats why I made the decision to go.这就是我决定去的原因。Thats the reason why I made the decision to go. the reason why 此句型意为“的理由”。why 是关系副词，由“介系词关系代名词which”变化而成，引导形容词子句，修饰名词。可保留why，而将前面的名词省略；也可将why省略。the reason why无非限定用法，即why之前不可以加逗点。Thats (the reason) why he cried.那就是他为何哭的原因。Thats (the reason) why I am here.那就是我在这里的原因。Thats (the reason) why you go away.那就是你离开的原因。3. They are said to be very good students.据说他们是非常优秀的学生。= It is said that they are very good students.Sb. be said to be. It is/was said that sb. bePeople say thatSb. be reported to be. It is/was reported that sb. be People report thatSb. be believed to be. It is/was believed that sb. bePeople believe thatHe was said to be very formal, rigid and hopelessly out of date. =It was said that he was very formal, rigid and hopelessly out of date.据说有100多个人在这次事故中受伤.It was said that more than 100 people were injured in this accident. More than 100 people were said to be injured in this accident.People say that more than 100 people were injured in this accident.将来时补充练习用所给的词的适当形式填空1 Tomorrow will be / is (be) Sunday.2 -Look, the lights in the classroom are still on.- I will go (go) and turn them off.3 The film is going to be shown/ is to be shown (show) this Sunday.4 There are too many people in the boat. It is going to sink.(sink)5 Dont go out. The meeting is about to begin.(begin)6 -What would you do if it rains (rain) tomorrow?-We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready.7 -Did you tell Julie about the result?-Oh, no, I forgot. I will call (call) her now.8 Turn on the television or open a magazine and you will often see (see) advertisement showing happy families.9 Lets keep to the point or we will never reach (reach) any decision.Lesson 4 City and CountryWords and Phrases1. imagine想象，设想Can you imagine city and country lifestyles in Britain? 你能想象得出英国城市和乡村的生活方式吗？一、表示“想象”、“设想”、“以为” 1Imagine+n. You can imagine the situation there. 你可以想象那里的情况。2Imagine+V-ing。 I didnt imagine becoming (become) a teacher in my childhood在童年时期，我并未想象成为一名教师。 I cant imagine my marrying (marry) a girl of that sort我难以想象我与那种女子结婚后的情形。 Can you imagine Tom cooking (cook) dinner for twenty people？你能想象出汤姆为20个人做饭的样子吗？ 3. Imagine+that从句。 I imagine that you are tired from the journey我料想你是由于旅行而疲劳了。 4. Imagine what/why/how/when.想象什么/为何/怎样/何时I cant imagine what he means我想不出他的用意。 I cant imagine what he looks like. 我想象不出他是什么长相5. Imaginen/pron（to be）n./adj”Imagine yourself（to be）a teacher想象一下你是一位老师。 I imagined the ship（to be）very large我想象那船很大。 8. Imaginen./pron.asn”I imagined you as a big tall man我以为你是个高大的人。 二、表示“认为”、“想” 1. 后面接复合宾语。 He imagined himself very rich他认为自己很富有。 2.后面接that-clause作宾语。若 that-clause是否定意义，可用主句的否定形式表示从句的否定意义，that可省略。 I dont imagine（that）they will come tomorrow我认为他们明天不会来。Ex.:Can you imagine living with (live with) such a boring man? I cant imagine what has happened. 我想像不出发生了什么事。I didnt imagine becoming a doctor in my childhood. 我童年的时候没有想象我会成为一名医生.Can you imagine how much surprised when I saw you? 你能否想象我见到你时是多么吃惊啊. Can you imagine the life in the university? 你能想象大学的生活吗？词汇拓展Imagination想象力Imaginary假想的，虚构的Imaginable能想象的，可想象的Imaginative富有想象力的用Imagine的正确形式填空He hasnt much imagination. 他缺乏想像力.He is an imaginative child. 他是一个想象力丰富的孩子。We had the greatest difficulty imaginable. 我们遇到了可以想象到的最大困难。This story is only imaginary. 这个故事是虚构的。He imagined walking into the classroom and telling everyone the good news.The book is about imaginary creatures living in another world.Children use their imaginati