4、SCI科研论文英语写作全攻略12节视频pptw 04

酸谈学社 上海尤里卡信息科技有限公司版权所有 英语科研论文写作 第 四 章 冠词和名词 Kevin主讲人 冠词 (Articles) 解 螺 旋|陪 伴 医 生 科 研 成 长 英语科研写作 冠词 定冠词 (definite article)： the 不定冠词 (indefinite article)：a/an (e.g. an hour; an apple; a book; a European) 解 螺 旋|陪 伴 医 生 科 研 成 长 英语科研写作 定冠词与不定冠词 The children know the fastest way home. Children know the fastest ways home. VS Give me the book. VS Give me a book. 定冠词与不定冠词的区别： After the long day, the cup of tea tasted particularly good. After a long day, a cup of tea tastes particularly good. VS 解 螺 旋|陪 伴 医 生 科 研 成 长 英语科研写作 定冠词the 以下情况不使用the: names of most countries/territories: Italy, Mexico, Bolivia; 例外： the Netherlands, the Dominican Republic, the Philippines, the United States names of cities, towns, or states: Seoul, Manitoba, Miami names of streets: Washington Blvd., Main St. names of lakes and bays: Lake Titicaca, Lake Erie 例外： a group of lakes like the Great Lakes names of mountains: Mount Everest, Mount Fuji 例外： ranges of mountains like the Andes or the Rockies or unusual names like the Matterhorn names of continents: Asia, Europe names of islands: Easter Island, Maui, Key West 例外： island chains like the Aleutians, the Hebrides, or the Canary Islands 解 螺 旋|陪 伴 医 生 科 研 成 长 英语科研写作 定冠词the 以下情况必须使用the: names of rivers, oceans and seas: the Nile, the Pacific points on the globe: the Equator, the North Pole geographical areas: the Middle East, the West deserts, forests, gulfs, and peninsulas: the Sahara, the Persian Gulf, the Black Forest, the Iberian Peninsula Unique objects: the earth, the human race, the world, the moon, the sun, the universe * in the clinic, in the body, in the cell, the heart/kidney/eyes/liver 解 螺 旋|陪 伴 医 生 科 研 成 长 英语科研写作 冠词 - 不定冠词不可置于不可数名词前： Please give me a water. Please give me some water. /Please give me a bottle of water. Please give me an ice. Please give me some ice. - 冠词在抽象名词前的省略（“zero article”）: 抽象概念：Lets go out for a dinner tonight. Lets go out for dinner tonight. 抽象概念： The creativity is a valuable quality in children. Creativity is a valuable quality in children. 语言： I studied the French in high school for four years. I studied French in high school for four years. 运动： I like to play the baseball. I like to play baseball. 学科： My sister was always good at the math. My sister was always good at math. 名词影响冠词的使用 解 螺 旋|陪 伴 医 生 科 研 成 长 英语科研写作 名词：可数与不可数 可数名词 （countable） 不可数名词 （uncountable） Liquids and Gases water coffee milk air oxygen Solid and Granular Substances wood metal cheese sand rice Grouped Concepts fruit money food vocabulary news Information and Abstract Concepts information advice education democracy intelligence evidence Energy Words and Forces electricity sunshine radiation heat magnetism Subjects French chemistry economics science math 解 螺 旋|陪 伴 医 生 科 研 成 长 英语科研写作 冠词使用要考虑名词 1. You use an uncountable noun with no article if you mean all or any of that thing. I need help! I dont eat cheese. Do you like music? 2. You use the with an uncountable noun when you are talking about a particular example of that thing. Thanks for the help you gave me yesterday. I didnt eat the cheese. It was green! Did you like the music they played at the dance? 3. You usually use a/an with a countable noun the first time you say or write that noun. Can I borrow a pencil, please? Theres a cat in the garden! Do you have an mp3 player? 解 螺 旋|陪 伴 医 生 科 研 成 长 英语科研写作 冠词使用要考虑名词 4. You use the with countable nouns the second and subsequent times you use the noun, or when the listener already knows what you are referring to (maybe because there is only one of that thing). Wheres the pencil I lent you yesterday? I think the cat belongs to the new neighbors. I dropped the mp3 player and it broke. Please shut the door! 5. You use a plural countable noun with no article if you mean all or any of that thing. 6. The above rules apply whether there is or there is not an adjective in front of the noun. I dont eat German cheese. Can I borrow a red pencil, please? I dont like small, noisy children. I dont like dogs. Do they have children? I dont need questions. Give me answers! 解 螺 旋|陪 伴 医 生 科 研 成 长 英语科研写作 Case study Information useful information/the information/no information X an information/informations Evidence strong evidence/no evidence/the evidence X an evidence/evidences News good news/bad news/no news/the news X a good news/a bad news 小结