中考英语动词时态、语态、()详解PPT课件

.,1,动词时态复习,2015中考复习,.,2,一般过去时(TheSimplePastTense),一般现在时(TheSimplePresenttense,一般将来时(TheSimpleFutureTense),现在进行时(ThePresentContinuousTense),过去进行时(ThePastContinuousTense),现在完成时(ThePresentPerfectTense),过去完成时(ThePastPerfectTense),过去将来时(TheSimplePastFutureTense),.,3,一、一般现在时一般现在时的谓语构成：1、be动词：am/is/are2、行为动词：A：动词原形B：动词+-s(主语为单三),.,4,一般现在时的用法：1.经常发生,反复进行的动作或状态。2.客观事实或普遍真理。3.If;assoonas;notuntil等引导的状语从句。4.当主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时的从句。常与下列时间状语连用：often,usually,always,sometimeseveryday/week/Sunday,.,5,2016实战演练,1.Jimusually_(have)lunchathome,butsometimeshe_(have)itatschool.2.Illtellhimthenewsassoonashe_(come)back.3.Ifit_(notrain)tomorrow,wellgotothezoo.4.Dontgetoffthebusuntilit_(stop).5.Youmaygoouttoplaywhenyou_(finish)yourhomework.,has,has,comes,doesntrain,stops,finish,.,6,6.Theteachertoldusthattheearth_(travel)roundthesun.7.-Doyouknowifwe_(go)tothecinematomorrow?-Ithinkwellgoifwe_(nothave)toomuchhomework.8.ShewatchesTVtwiceaweek._doesshewatchTV?,travels,willgo,donthave,Howoften,.,7,9.Jimhaslunchathomeeveryday.(否定句)Jim_lunchathomeeveryday.10.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryday.(一般疑问句)_he_hishomeworkeveryday?11.Hehasfewfriends,_?(反意疑问句),doesnthave,Doesdo,doeshe,.,8,二、现在进行时现在进行时的谓语构成：am/is/are+动词ing现在进行时的用法：表示说话时或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作，,.,9,常与时间状语now,thisweek,thesedays等连用。另外，我们还要注意句中的隐含条件（如：look,listen,Itsnineoclock等）。如：Look!Thestudentsaredoingtheirhomework.Listen!Someoneissinginginthenextroom.Dontgoout!Itsraininghardoutside.,.,10,有些动词如come,go,leave,begin,等的现在进行时可以表示预定的或即将发生的动作,句中常有表示将来的状语:ImleavingonSundaymorning.Jimiscomingherethisevening.,.,11,2016实战演练,1.Look!Somechildren_(play)footballontheplayground.2.Listen!Someone_(play)thepianointheroom.3.ThestudentsofClassTwo_(work)onthefarmnow.4.Bequiet!Yourfather_(sleep).5.Dontgoout!It_(rain)hardoutside.,areplaying,isplaying,areworking,issleeping,israining,.,12,三、一般过去时一般过去时的构成：动词的过去式一般过去时的用法：表示过去发生的动作或状态.,.,13,用于一般过去时的时间状语有:yesterday,yesterday/morning/afternoon/evening,lastnight/week/month/Sunday/justnow,halfanhourago等。,.,14,haveameeting,yesterday,Wehadameetingyesterday.,.,15,giveaconcert,lastmonth,Jaygaveaconcertlastmonth.,.,16,joinWTO,in2001,ChinajoinedWTOin2001.,.,17,getmarried,in1999,Theygotmarriedin1999.,.,18,visitCanada,lastThursday,HevisitedCanadalastThursday.,.,19,die,December9,HediedinShanghaionDec.9.,.,20,2016实战演练,1._you_agoodtimelastSunday?2.Theheadmaster_(notsay)anythingatthemeetingyesterday.3.Haveyoueverbeenthere?Yes,I_(go)therelastspring.4.Lily_(fall)offherbikeand_(hurt)herselflastMondayafternoon.,Didhave,didntsay,went,fellhurt,.,21,5.Itsalongtimesincewe_last.A.meetB.metC.willmetD.havemet6.-HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?-Yes,I_therelastspring.A.goB.havegoneC.willgoD.went,B,D,.,22,5.Mr.Liinvitedhertotheparty.（改为一般疑问句）_Mr.Li_hertotheparty?6Theyaskedtheteacheraquestion.（改为否定句）They_theteacheraquestion.,Did,invite,didntask,8.TomwatchedTVfortwohours.(对画线部分提问）_Tom_TV?9.Shehelpedmedosomecleaning.(对画线部分提问）_She_you_?,Howlongdid,watch,Whatdid,help,do,.,23,四、一般将来时1、一般将来时的构成：1）will+动词原形2）am(is,are)goingto+动词原形3）常用bedoing表示将来的动词gocomeleavestay，start，begin等例如：weareleavingforlondon4）beaboutto+V原和beto+V原表示即将发生的动作Thetrainisabouttostart。sheistobemarriednextmonth。2、一般将来时的用法：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时间状语连用。如:tomorrow,today,tonight,nextspring/week/month/year,.,24,下面几种情况只用will/shall,表示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时Willyoupleaselendmeyourbike？wewillhelphimifheasksus表示单纯的将来，与人的主观愿望和判断无关时Thesunwillriseat6:30tomorrowmoring,.,25,2016实战演练,1.There_(be)anEnglishfilmonTVtonight.2._we_(go)totheparknextSunday?当主语是i，we时疑问句一般用shall表示征求对方意见3.He_(notgo)homeuntilhefinisheshishomework.4.What_you_(do)nextSunday?5.I_(be)freetomorrowmorning.,willbe,Shallgo,wontgo,willdo,Willbe,.,26,6.Thereisgoingto_ameetingnextweek.A.beB.haveC.isD.has7.-Idontknowifit_tomorrow.-Ifit_,wellstayathome.A.willrain;rainsB.rains;rainsC.willrain;willrainD.rains;willrain,A,A,.,27,五、过去进行时1、过去进行时的构成：was/were+现在分词2、过去进行时的用法：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，,.,28,常用的时间状语有：1)atthistimelastnight,at9:00yesterday；fromseventonine；yesterday,lastyear,yesterdaymorning2)含有when和while引导的时间状语主句中的动作先于从句的动作发生，且进行时间较长时，主句用过去进行时从句用一般过去时Theboywaswalkingdownthestreetwhentheearthquakehappened从句中的动作先于主句中的动作发生时，且进行的时间较长时，从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时Whenhewasplaying，allofussatstillandlistened若主从句动作同时进行时，从句一般用while引导HewasreadinganewspaperwhileIwaswatchingTV,.,29,过去进行时态常与always等表频率的副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感情色彩AlicewasalwayschanginghermindHewasdrawinganelephantontheblackboardwhentheteachercamein.,.,30,2015实战演练,We_(watch)TVwhenhecametoseeus.2.I_(draw)apictureatthistimeyesterdaymorning.3.What_you_(do)whentheteachercamein?4.Whilewe_(talk),theteachercamein.,werewatching,waswatching,weredoing,weretalking,.,31,六、现在完成时,1.现在完成时的构成：助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词注：has用于第三人称单数，have用于其他所有人称。,2现在完成时的用法：（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just，already,before,yet,never,ever等状语连用。,.,32,（2）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。如:for时间段和since时间点或时间壮语从句，以及sofar等。,.,33,ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years.Theyhavelivedheresince1990.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如come,go,die,join,buy等的完成时不能与for,since等表示一段时间的短语连用。,.,34,(3).havebeen(to)和havegone(to)的区别：have/hasbeen(to)表示“曾经去过”某地,说话时此人很可能不在那里,已经回来。侧重指经历。have/hasgone(to)表示某人“已经去了”某地，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。,.,35,将暂短性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有：a.用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：buyhaveborrowkeepcatch/getacoldhaveacoldgettoknowknowjointhePartybeaPartymember,短暂性动词与延续性动词,.,36,leavebeaway(from)diebedeadbeginbeoncomeherebeherefallasleepbeasleepjointheArmybeintheArmy,cometowork/livework/livebegintostudy/teachstudy/teach,.,37,B.把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为表示过去时间的状语，原动词的完成时改为过去时Hecameherethreemonthsago.C.用“Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since(一般过去时)”结构。Itis/hasbeenthreemonthssincehecamehere.,.,38,D.用“多长时间+haspassed+since(一般过去时)”结构：Threemonthshaspassedsincehecamehere.,.,39,(4)暂短性动词的肯定式的完成时不能和howlong连用。如：误：Howlonghaveyouborrowthebook?正：Howlonghaveyoukeptthebook?正：Whendidyouborrowthebook?,.,40,典型题例,1._youever_(eat)Beijingduck?2.IwontgotothecinemathisSundaybecauseI_(see)italready.3.WheresJim?He_(go)toEngland.4.Myfather_(be)toBeijingmanytimes.5.Mr.Green_(work)heresince1989.6.We_(know)eachotherforayear.,Haveeaten,haveseen,hasgone,hasbeen,hasworked,haveknown,.,41,7.Itsalongtimesincewe_(meet)last.8.Wehavebeenhereforfouryears.(同义句)We_herefouryears_.9.Itsfiveyearssincemygrandfatherdied.(同义句)Myfatherhas_forfiveyears.10.Mybrotherhasbeenasoldierfortwoyears.(同义句)Myfather_twoyearsago.,met,cameago,beendead,joinedthearmy,.,42,七、过去完成时的用法1、概念：表示过去的过去。,其结构是：had+过去分词,.,43,2、过去完成时的用法：（1）过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用by,before,until,when等词引导的时间状语。Bytheendoflastyearwehadbuiltfivenewhouses.Ihadlearnt5000wordsbeforeIenteredtheuniversity.,.,44,2）过去完成时的动词还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或者状态持续到过去某个时间或者持续下去。Beforeheslept,hehadworkedfor12hours.,.,45,2015实战演练,1.WhenIgotthere,thebus_already_(go).2.Thefilm_(be)onforfiveminuteswhenIgottothecinema.3.We_(learn)about1,000newEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.4.Bythetimewegotthere,thetrain_(leave).,had,gone,hadbeen,hadlearnt,hadleft,.,46,时间,现在,过去,那时所预见的情况,八、过去将来时,一、基本概念：过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它是一个相对的时态，即立足于过去某时，从过去的某一时间看即将发生的事情就要用这一时态。,.,47,二、基本形式：wouldshould动词原形（其中would用于各种人称，should常用于第一人称）。例如：Theyweresuretheywouldwinthefinalvictory他们坚信会赢得最后胜利。,.,48,三、过去将来时的一些其它表达形式:1.Wasweregoingto动词原形Hesaiditwasgoingtorain他说天要下雨了。2过去进行时（一般多为动作概念较强的动词，如go,come,leave,start，open,begin等）也可用于表示将来。Ididntknowwhentheywerecomingagain我不知道他们什么时候再来。,.,49,1.MissChen_usEnglishlastterm.A.teachesB.taughtC.willteachD.hadtaught,典型例题解析,B,2.Excuseme.LookatthesignNOPHOTOS!Sorry,I_it.A.dontseeB.didntseeC.haventseenD.wontsee,B,.,50,3.Mymother_thewindowsalready,sotheroomlooksmuchbrighter.A.hascleanedB.hadcleanedC.iscleaningD.willclean,A,4.He_thispenforfiveyears.He_itin1997.A.hasbought,bought.B.bought,boughtC.haskept,hasboughtD.hashad,bought,D,.,51,D,5.-Peter,couldyoucomeandhelpmeinthekitchen,please?-Sorry,mum,I_LilywithherEnglish.A.helpB.helpedC.havehelpedD.amhelping,6.Whenwillyoutellhimthegoodnews?Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashe_back.当主句是一般将来时，在if，assoonas，until，when等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表示一般将来时A.comesB.cameC.willcomeD.iscoming,A,.,52,7.Idontknowifmyfriend_.Ifhe_,Illletyouknow.A.comes,comesB.comes,willcomeC.willcome,comesD.willcome,willcome8.Johnsaidhe_supper.Hewasquitefull.A.hadhadB.washaringC.hadD.haseaten,C,A,.,53,9.There_twomeetingstomorrowafternoon.A.aregoingtobeB.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.willhave10.It_3yearssinceI_toNo.1MiddleSchool.A.is,comeB.is,havecomeC.was,cameD.is,came,A,D,.,54,.用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Mybrotherisntathomenow.He_(go)toBeijing.He_(be)theremanytimes.He_(notbe)backuntilnextweek.2.WhenIgothome,mymother_(go)outforawalk.,hasgone,hasbeen,wontbe,hadgone,.,55,3.He_(finish)hiscompositionjustnow.4.Bytheendoflastmonth,we_(learn)tenEnglishsongs.5._she_(do)morningexerciseseveryday?,finished,hadlearnt,Does,do,.,56,6.Ourcountry_(change)alotsince1982.9.Listen!Someone_(sing)inthenextroom.10.Ourteachertoldustheearth_(go)aroundthesun.,haschanged,issinging,goes,.,57,Howdidyouspendyourchildhood?(3sentencesormore,使用实意动词和系动词,注意动词形式变化),.,58,Example:I_(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriends.Wealways_(play)footballandbasketballtogetherandwe_(not)havesomuchhomeworktodoasnow.We_(be)happyatthattime.,spent,played,didnt,were,.,59,一般过去时(TheSimplePastTense)1.结构:谓动用动词过去式2.用法:在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用。如yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,in1982等。,.,60,Howisyourdailylifeasahighschoolstudent?,(3sentencesormore,使用实意动词和系动词,注意动词形式变化),.,61,二.一般现在时(ThePresentIndefinite)1.结构:主语为第三人称单数,谓动要变化,其余人称用原形.,IstudyhardeverydayandIgetalongwellwithmyclassmates,butsometimesImissmyfamilies.,.,62,2.用法:1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如often/usually,every,sometimes,at,onSunday。,2)表示不受时间限制的科学事实或客观真理。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.,.,63,3)表示已安排或计划好将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态,一般用于be,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return等动词中，常与时间状语连用如：Themeetingstartsat2:00p.m.,.,64,.过去将来时(ThepastfuturesimpleTense),1.用法:过去将来时表示立足于过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句中.,2.结构:Should/would+动词原形Theboypromisedhewouldworkhard.ItoldmyparentsIshouldreturnearly.,.,65,2).其他形式was(were)goingtowas(were)to+动词原形was(were)aboutto,.,66,犹如,picture,HowwillyouspendyourSpringFestivalholiday?IwillImgoingto,.,67,三.一般将来时(TheSimpleFutureTense)will/begoingtodo,2.be+todo，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。Wearetohaveanexamthisweek.,3.beabouttodo,表示马上做某事,不能与明确表示将来的时间状语连用.HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.,.,68,Whataretheydoingnow?Theyarehavingaclass.,.,69,四.现在进行时(ThePresentContinuousTense),2.用法：1)表示现在(指说话时)正在发生的事情。WearehavingEnglishclassnow.2)表示目前这段时间内正在进行的动作,但说话时动作未必正在进行。SheislearningpianounderMr.Smith.,1.结构:be(am,are,is)+doing,.,70,3)现在进行时用来表示按计划即将发生的动作,多用于表示移动的动词,如:come,go,start,arrive,leave,stay.Imleavingtomorrow.Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?,.,71,OnAugust8,2008,the29thOlimpicGameswasopeninginBeijing.,Whatwereyoudoingonthatday?,.,72,被动语态(PassiveVoice),.,73,Sentencestructure:be+done(pp.),