人教版英语必修1第五单元检测题解析

Unit 5 单元综合检测（人教版必修1）第一部分语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Is your mind completely filled with thoughts of something? Thats called obsession (痴迷). When we think of obsession, we tend to think of the _1_ aspects of extreme behavior. It can be unhealthy or dangerous. However, actually，“productive obsessing” can be not only a _2_ for boredom and passivity, but also the recipe for a _3_ life. Having a productive obsession appears to _4_ people to do this, even if things get tough. In contrast, those without passion (激情) may end up letting challenges and difficulties _5_ them. But there is a fine but important _6_ between obsession and passion. So how do you _7_ a passion, and avoid the negative aspects of obsession? Whatever the project is, it should _8_ love and interest. People, who have an unexplored interest in something, but always put it off, should begin by _9_ themselves to it for a month. When people do commit themselves on something, even for a month, their brains become retrained. It _10_ hesitating and worrying and explores its own potential. Having a productive obsession leads to various mental_11_ : pleasure when things are going very well; _12_ when you are offended. The key is being prepared for these states and knowing how to handle them. Being obsessed with a(n) _13_ plan for years without putting it into practice is not productive.Going after something with _14_ may not make you outstanding, but you dont know where it will lead until you give it a try. At the very least, it could be the _15_ to a satisfying and meaningful life.【文章大意】我们行事往往最忌痴迷，但是对任何事都毫无热情、有梦想不去实践或者做事半途而废更不可取，因此适度的积极性迷恋是成事的关键。1. Ascientific Bnegative Cvarious Dpsychological解析：选B。根据下文“It can be unhealthy or dangerous.”可知，谈到痴迷，人们往往会想到极端行为的消极方面。2. Acause BcureCstage Dcompany解析：选B。根据“However”一词可知，作者认为能动性的痴迷是有积极作用的。再根据下文“.but also the recipe for a_3_life.”可知，“productive obsessing”是治疗厌倦和被动的良方。3. Abalanced BsimpleChealthy Dfulfilling解析：D。根据最后一段“a satisfying and meaningful life”可知，这种“痴迷”也是让人过上有满足感的生活的诀窍。4. Aorder Binvite Cdrive Dask解析：选C。根据下文“.even if things get tough.”可知，为了能够有所成就而对某事产生的痴迷，即便事情会变得困难而棘手，它仍会让人觉得有动力，好像被驱动着去努力。5. Adefeat BfindX k b 1 . c o mCchange Dshape解析：选A。相反，那些做事没有激情的人就很可能被挑战和困难所打败。6. Aline BconflictCsimilarity Drelationship解析：选A。根据下文“So how do you _7_ a passion，and avoid the negative aspects of obsession？”可知，痴迷与激情还是不同的，它们中间有条细微而重要的分界线。7. Ashare Bthink Cdevelop Dexhibit解析：选C。根据上文可知，作者认为对事物过分的痴迷是有害而危险的，但是做事如果没有热情也是不可取的，因此此处说的是：如何避免痴迷产生不良影响同时又能够激发热情？ 8. Astand for Bbring up Cmake use of Dbe rooted in解析：选D。根据下文“who have an unexplored interest in something ”可知，无论你想做什么，它都应当源于你对这件事的兴趣与热爱。9. Asticking Bdevoting Cadapting Dattaching解析：选B。根据下文“When people do commit themselves on something.”可知，作者认为那些对某事怀有兴趣却一直推迟、不去实践的人应当花一个月时间致力去做这件事情。10. Akeeps Bmeans Cbegins Dstops解析：选D。根据上文“but always put it off”及下文“.hesitating and worrying and explores its own potential.”可知，当人们坚持了一段时间专心做某事之后，就会停止犹豫和担心而开始发掘自身的潜力。新 课 标 第 一 网11. Aforms Bimages Cproblems Dstates解析：选D。根据下文.“these states”可知，此处指各种精神状态。12. Aanxiety Benvy Canger Dregret解析：选C。根据下文“.when you are offended.”可知，当人们被冒犯时会感到气愤。13. Asuccessful BambitiousCpainful Dunreasonable解析：选B。根据下文“.plan for years without putting it into practice is not productive.”可知，一个人有雄心壮志，如果不去实行就不会有任何结果。14. Aenthusiasm BcourageCcreativity Ddetermination解析：选A。根据上文“In contrast，those without passion.”可知，此处说的是：怀着激情去做事不一定会使你变得不同凡响。15. Aanswer BlimitCkey Dend解析：选C。根据上文“productive obsessingcan be.the recipe for a _3_life.”可知，怀着激情做事是让人过上美满而有意义的生活的关键。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Zhao Wei is the vicedean of the school of political science and law of Shenyang University. “People choose the Internet mainly for 16._efficiency，” he told China Daily yesterday. “The Internet will play 17._more important role in helping officials handle public grievances(委屈)better in the face of Internet users in China，” he said.The number of Chinese netizens(网民) increased18._16.2 million in the first quarter of this year，19._(reach) 316 million, according to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China. 新 课 标 第 一 网“Some government staff shouldnt take a hard line against people who complain in various ways. 20._， they need to realize the positive side of complaints. That is to say, online complaints should be viewed 21._a cushion (缓冲) against some social problems rather than a nuisance (讨厌的东西)，” Zhao said. He also noted some mass incidents can 22._ (avoid) if people get timely responses. Zhaos department 23._(begin) a course earlier this year, 24._was designed to train 25._ (profession) who work for the government departments that receive public grievances via calls, letters, and Internet messages or facetoface complaints.16解析：考查代词。根据句意，此处指的是“人们选择因特网是因为其效率和透明度”，所以填its来指代the Internets。答案：its17解析：考查固定搭配。play a.role意思是“扮演的角色”。答案：a 18.解析：考查介词。用increase表达“增加数量”时，后面要用介词by加具体数目或百分比表示增加的幅度。答案：by19解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，前面的句子中已有谓语动词，所以此处的reach应该用分词形式， 因为其与“The number of Chinese netizens”是主动关系，所以此处用现在分词，构成现在分词短语作状语。答案：reaching20解析：根据句意，填空词前后意思表示一致，故用And连接前后两句。答案：And21解析：考查介词。view.as.意思是“把视为”，此处为其被动语态。句意为：也就是说，网上的抱怨应该被视为对一些社会问题的一个缓冲而非让人厌恶的东西。答案：as22解析：考查语态。分析句子结构可知，avoid的逻辑主语是some mass incidents，因此该动词要用被动语态。意思是：他也指出，如果人们得到及时回复的话，群体事件就可以避免。答案：be avoided23解析：考查时态。根据后面的时间状语“earlier this year”可知，此处所陈述的是一件过去发生的事实， 用一般过去时态。新 课 标 第 一 网答案：began24解析：考查定语从句。关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。答案：which25解析：考查词形变化。分析该句结构，此空缺名词，作前面及物动词train的宾语，同时作后面定语从句的先行词，根据句意和主谓一致原则，此处应填表示人的名词复数形式professionals，表示“专业人才”。答案：professionals第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。A Legend has it that President George Washington never told a lie. Still, he was not perfect. A library in New York has a document to prove it. According to a written record of the library, Washington checked out two books on October 5, 1789, and never brought them back. More than 220 years have gone by since Washington borrowed the books, and a lot has changed since then. Back in 1789, there was no Washington, DC. The US. capital was New York City, and that was where the President lived. There was only one place in the city to borrow books, the New York Society Library. It was there that Washington checked out the two books that were never returned. Washington had been President for just five months when he borrowed the books. One book was about international relations, and the other focused on lawmaking, which helped with his new job. The librarian wrote down the titles, the dates and the name of the borrower. Washington was listed simply as “President” Under the rules of the library, the books should have been handed back by 2 November that same year, and their borrower would have been faced with fines of a few cents a day ever since. Over time, Washingtons fine grew and grew. Today, the library is owed about 200,000 dollars for the two missing books. “Were not actively concerned about the overdue fines，” the head librarian Mark Bartlett said. “But we would be very happy if we were able to get the books back.” As for Washingtons reason for failing to return the books he borrowed, we may never have an answer. Perhaps he was too busy and just forgot about them. Maybe they were lost. Even though he were alive today, Washington might prefer to keep the truth a mystery. After all, it was he who famously said, “It is better to offer no excuse than a bad one.”【文章大意】美国国父乔治华盛顿以诚实闻名。他也许从来不说谎，但被纽约一间图书馆抓到他竟是借书不还的雅贼，借了两本书逾期至今220年，华盛顿若仍在世，将面临高额的罚金。26. According to the passage, the president_.Afailed to return the books on timeBenjoyed reading in the libraryChad ever lived near the libraryDtold a lie to the librarian解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第一段“According to a written record of the library，Washington checked out two books on October 5,1789，and never brought them back.”可知，根据图书馆的笔录，华盛顿在1789年10月5日借了两本书，至今未还。即借的书没有按时归还。27. We can infer from the passage that_.A. the New York Society Library was built in 1789BWashington maybe borrowed the two books to help with his jobCthe books can be kept one month after being borrowed from the libraryDthe librarian was so careless as not to record the borrowers full name解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段“Washington had been President for just five months when he borrowed the books.One book was about international relations，and the other focused on lawmaking，which helped with his new job.”可知，华盛顿在他就职总统刚刚五个月的时候去图书馆借书，一本关于国际关系，一本关于立法，这两本书都与他的新工作有关。由此可推断，华盛顿很有可能是为了工作去图书馆借这两本书的。28. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?ATwo centuries ago, the US. had no libraries but one.BPresident George Washington hardly made a mistake.CThe two books were borrowed in the name of Washington.DIf he lived today, Washington would have to pay much to the library.解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第四段“Over time，Washingtons fine grew and grew.Today，the library is owed about 200,000 dollars for the two missing books.”可知，随着时间的流逝，华盛顿的罚款越来越多，现已达到大约20万美元。由此可推知，如果华盛顿健在的话，他将为这两本书付给图书馆一大笔罚款。29. The head librarian Mark Bartlett_.A. is puzzled how to find the books againBhopes to get the missing books with the finesCis regretful to lend Washington the books at that timeDprefers to find the two books rather than get the fines解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第四段“Were not actively concerned about the overdue fines，the head librarian Mark Bartlett said.But we would be very happy if we were able to get the books back.”可知，Mark Bartlett 认为找到这两本丢失的书比追讨回这笔罚款更让人高兴。30. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. Washington had a quite bad memory.BWashington was a humorous person.CWashington would keep silent about the reason even if he lived.DWashington believed people should avoid making bad excuses.解析：选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段“Even though he were alive today，Washington might prefer to keep the truth a mystery.After all，it was he who famously said，It is better to offer no excuse than a bad one.”可知，即使华盛顿还活着，他也不会说出事实的真相。毕竟他说过，什么也不说比一个烂借口要好得多。即华盛顿会对未还书的原因只字不提。BTeens don t want to be seen with their parents, much less talk to them or do anything with them. Thats what we hear all the time. I dont believe it. Oh，sure, when my daughter and my son were in their teens, they wanted to spend most of their free time with their friends. But there were always those special times planned when we enjoyed being alone with each other, when we connected deeply, and when we were reminded again how much we loved one another. I recall how delighted my 14yearold daughter, Alisa, felt when I asked her for a date to see a movie. It was a bittersweet Italian movie, Cinema Paradiso, and I wanted this story to give her a sense of how I grew up as an Italian boy in a small town, where life was simple and where everyone knew one another. I wanted her to know how her father had been brought up and shaped. We both laughed and cried during the same scenes in the movie. She was_attached_to the movie. I decided we should complete our evening with some lively conversation at a nearby bakery. I told her the movie was now so much more special for me because I had shared it with her. She smiled. She understood. We made a memory that night. From our living room window, I saw my 13yearold son, Jason, tearfully searching our vegetable garden for a place to bury his pet boa constrictor (蟒蛇). Because my son had suffered from asthma (哮喘) and allergies, he could never have a dog, a faithful friend that he wanted so much. Every pet he ownedlizards, fish, or snakeshad died. I was at his side as we searched for the best gravesite (墓地). We dug the grave, said our goodbyes and then he cried. He cried hard and he asked me why every pet he had owned died so soon. I could feel his heart break against my chest. I just held him close. He let me hold his aching soul. He needed me while he was confused. Share your heart with your teens. Show them repeatedly that you know and love who they really are. There are tender memories waiting to be made.【文章大意】作者通过自己的故事告诉读者：父母应该多找机会和孩子相处，与孩子共同创造美好的回忆。31. What can we learn from the passage?A. Children would like to spend time with parents. BParents have trouble in getting along with children.CThe author always spent time with children in a planned way. DThe family should help each other at the important moment.解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段的“But there were always those special times planned when we enjoyed being alone with each other，.”以及第二段与女儿相处的例子可知，作者总是有计划地与孩子们在一起。32. Why did the author choose to see Cinema Paradiso with his daughter?A. To make his daughter laugh.BTo give his daughter encouragement.CTo let his daughter love movies.DTo make his daughter know him better.解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第二段“.I wanted this story to give her a sense of how I grew up as an Italian boy in a small town，where life was simple and where everyone knew one another.I wanted her to know how her father had been brought up and shaped.”可知，作者选择和女儿一起看天堂电影院是为了让她感受到她的父亲是如何在一个小城镇成长的，在那里生活很简单，每个人都互相认识。由此可推测，选择看这部电影是为了让女儿更好地了解她的父亲。33. What do the underlined words “was attached to” in Paragraph 3 mean?ADisliked. BLoved.CMissed. DComplained of. 解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据上一句“We both laughed and cried during the same scenes in the movie”可知，作者的女儿看这部电影的时候十分投入，可知她喜欢这部电影。由此可判断画线词意为“喜欢”。34. It can be inferred that_.A. at some moments, children want to be with parentsBthe authors children cannot take care of themselvesCit is hard for parents to know the inside of their childrenDthe authors son is cruel to coldblooded animals解析：选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的“He cried hard and he asked me why every pet he had owned died so soon.I could feel his heart break against my chest.I just held him close.He let me hold his aching soul.He needed me while he was confused.”可知，当作者的儿子伤心、困惑时，他需要作者。由此可推断在有些时刻，孩子需要父母在他们身边。35. From the last paragraph we know that_.Asetting a good example to children is important Bthe author advises people to make memories with their teensCthe son was touched by what his father had doneDknowing childrens daily activities is necessary解析：选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“There are tender memories waiting to be made.”可知，作者建议人们和孩子共同创造回忆。 CWe all have four to six dreams per night. But why do some people seem to remember their dreams while others dont? People who report that they have good dream recollection are more likely, than others who dont, to have been woken up during a stage of sleep referred to as REM (rapid eye movement). This is the stage of sleep where dreams occur, and if youre woken up during it you may recall the dream you were having more readily. Light sleepers who are woken up very easily by the slightest sound tend to report having many more dreams they can remember than heavy sleepers who can nod off during thunder and lightening and do not know theyve been dreaming at all. Therefore one way to remember your dreams is to set an alarm to go off frequently during the night, as youll have more chances of waking during REM sleep. However，doing this exercise regularly will be bad for your sleeping pattern, and may mess with your body clock. Interestingly, some people have the ability to dream to order, to a degree. If they focus on thinking about remembering their dreams, get a dream journal ready to write in and place it by their bed at night and tell themselves they will write down their dreams upon waking, theyre more likely to actually produce a memorable dream. Studies have shown us that during dreams we often play out different scenarios (情节) and our brains work out how to deal with them, should they actually occur in waking life. Thus, if you dreamed you lost your car keys and needed to find another way of getting to your destination, this could just be your mind working out what you would do in the future if this happened to you. The reason why people dont always remember dreams is that it would interfere (干扰) with waking life. An overload of information which may not be necessary could confuse your daily thinking, and lead you to perform less well. However, storing information away in your mental filing system located in your subconscious (潜意识), in case you ever need it, is far more efficient.【文章大意】人每晚都会做四到六个梦，但为什么我们经常会忘记这些梦的内容呢？本文分析了其原因。36. What can we learn about REM?ASleepers are hard to wake up during REM sleep.BPeople who cant remember their dreams dont have REM sleep. CBoth light sleepers and heavy sleepers can experience REM sleep.DPeople who are woken up during REM sleep will forget their dreams.解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第二、三段内容可知，当人们在REM(快速眼动)睡眠阶段被叫醒时会记住梦的内容，因而觉轻的人比觉重的人更容易回忆起梦境。由此可推断出二者都会经历REM阶段。 37. Which group of people are most likely to forget their dreams? A. People who are ready to write a dream journal.BPeople who desire to find a solution in their dreams.CPeople who set an alarm to go off frequently during the night.DPeople who are hard to be disturbed by surrounding sounds during sleep.解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第三段“Therefore one way to remember your dreams is to set an alarm to go off frequently during the night，as youll have more chances of waking during REM sleep.”可排除C项；根据第四段“If they focus on thinking about remembering their dreams.theyre more likely to actually produce a memorable dream. ”可知，当人们有意识地想要记住梦境时，通常能如愿，可排除A、B两项；而睡觉时不易被周围声音打扰的人，很少有可能在REM阶段醒来，因而更易忘记