完形填空方法与技巧解PPT课件

.,1,完型填空,.,2,GuessthemissingwordsinthesongImaNewSoul.,Brainstorming,ImaNewSoulIma_soulIcametothisstrangeworldhopingIcouldlearnabitabouthowtogiveand_.ButsinceIcameherefeltthejoyandthe_findingmyselfmakingeverypossible_la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la.Ima_soulinthisverystrangeworldhopingIcouldlearnabitaboutwhatistrueand_.Butwhyallthishatetrytocommunicatefindingtrustandloveisnotalwayseasytomake.la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la.,_,New,_,_,_,_,_,new,take,fear,mistake,young,fake,.,4,ClozetestMethods&Skills,.,5,命题特点,1完形填空主要是在语篇语境中考查知识。2完形填空的体裁多以为主，偶有议论文、夹叙夹议的文章或说明文。,记叙文,词汇,.,6,3要求选择填空的词常为实词（如名词、动词、形容词、副词等）着重词义辨析能力的考查；代词、冠词、介词、连词（包括从句的连接词）考得较少。,.,7,4.首句不设空。5.逻辑链上挖空（原文中有线索词提示）。6.选项设计：同一词类、同一语法形式。,.,8,跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意,再读全文，反复检查,结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案,瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破,完形填空的解题步骤,.,9,三种主要解题技巧：词汇运用推理判断紧抓主旨,.,10,利用所学词汇，根据文章大意辨析词义，选出最佳选项，如：Thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhourwithout_hisnotes.A.bringupB.referringtoC.lookingforD.tryingon【思路点拨】B。此题考查短语动词的区别，这四个短语的基本意义为：bringup“养育，提出，吐出”，referto“论及，谈到，参考”，lookfor“寻找”，tryon“试穿”，根据题义：“经理在商务会议上讲了一个小时没看讲稿”。应选B。,一、词汇运用,.,11,二、推理判断,我们可以从以下几方面进行推理判断：1、运用“前置信息”与“后置信息”,即语境2、运用复现词语3、运用同义词或近义词4、运用反义词5、运用上下义词6、运用逻辑关系7、运用生活常识及文化背景知识,.,12,充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。例如：Stevenson,aScotsman,hadlived_formanyyears.In1881hereturnedtoScotlandforaholiday.A.aloneB.nextdoorC.athomeD.abroad,1、运用“前置信息”与“后置信息”,.,13,2、利用复现词语,有时为了表达的需求，在上下文中有同一概念出现，可以借助这一信息选择正确答案。AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather_1_.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof_2_.Ifeltevenmorehopelesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbedifficulttogetajobwithoutexperience.1.A.encouragedB.dissatisfiedC.hopelessD.pleased2.A.placeB.jobC.adviceD.help,.,14,在英语中有时为了避免重复，常用意思相同或相近的词或解释性的语言来连接上下文。IrememberasachildIsaidsomething_aboutsomebody,andmyfathersaid,“Anytimeyousaysomethingunpleasantaboutsomebodyelse,itsareflectionofyou.”A.unkindB.unnecessaryC.unimportantD.unusual【思路点拨】A。近义词复现，从后暗示unpleasant得知答案。,3、利用同义词或近义词,.,15,语意的连贯有时通过对比的结构采用反义复现的手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释。应注意分析这类概念复现，从反义的角度判断正确的选项。Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow(浅的).Butinsomeplacesitisvery.A.highB.deepC.coldD.dangerous,4、利用反义词,.,16,5、利用上下义词上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体。它们是包含与被包含的关系。如：food是bread,noodle,milk,rice的上义词，反之bread,noodle,milk,rice是food的下义词。,.,17,1.Hetaughtherhowtorelyonherother_,specificallyherhearing（NMET2010湖北卷）A.feelingB.organsC.skillsD.senses2.Idroppedallthecoinsinto“Itprovedtobeawasteof_,”IthoughtA.wordsB.effortC.spaceD.money,.,18,如表示结构层次的firstly,secondly,finally等；如表示并列关系的and,or,besides,aswell(as)等；表示因果关系的thus,therefore,so等，表示改变话题的bytheway；表示递进关系的besides,whatsmore,further等，表示转折关系的however,but,while,ontheotherhand等等。做题时如果能充分利用这些过渡词汇，就可以迅速理清文章脉络，弄清上下文的关系。,6、利用逻辑关系,.,19,【小试闯关】1.WearrivedinSpainforthefirsttimeafewweeksago.IdecidedtobuyacarbecausewehadsoldtheonewehadinEnglandbefore_home.A.leavingB.makingC.returningD.getting【思路点拨】此题考查行文逻辑中的因果关系、时间先后顺序。从第一句的arrived可知题2选A（leaving）。2.Shewassmallinfigurebutstrongin_.A.brainB.wishC.willD.health,根据连词确定选项。,.,20,7、运用生活常识及文化背景知识了解生活常识，确定相关知识,1.Itwasanearlymorninginsummer.Inthestreets,sleepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly,headingtowardstheir_.ThiswasthebeginningofanotherordinarydayinNewYorkCity.A.jobsB.homesC.busesD.offices,.,21,2.(Immediately)theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedtothe_hospital.A.animalB.biggestC.plantD.nearest,.,22,三、紧抓主旨,作者往往通过首句或首段揭示文章的主旨大意，体现文章的题材、体裁。在做完形填空时，我们要理清文章思路，把握作者的态度或思想情感，这对做好一篇完形有着非常重要的作用，否则可能导致几个空格的连续选填失误。,.,23,Bedtimestoriesareoneofthedelightsofearlychildhood.AccordingtoDr.JulieSpreadburyfromQueenslandUniversity,Parentsshouldnot_1_readingtotheirchildrenaftertheyenterprimaryschool.A.speedupB.keepupC.giveupD.holdup,.,24,解题误区做完形填空时，除了依据所学语言知识和解题技巧外，还应避免几个误区。1、单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。2、时间安排不当，做完形填空的时间应控制在15分钟左右。正确的做法是由易到难。,.,25,Task:Usethemethodsyouhavelearnedtoanalyseyourhomework.,.,26,Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.The1hasbeenonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力的)growthby2situationthataredesignedforthe3children.Therecanbelittledoubtthat4classescanhelpthegiftedchildrentograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.However,totakethese5outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.1.A.principleB.theoryC.argumentsD.classification2.A.designingB.groupingC.learningD.living3.A.smartB.curiousC.matureD.average4.A.regularB.specialC.smallD.creative5.A.childrenB.programsC.graduatesD.designs,Practicemakesperfect!NMET2011GuangdongClozeTest,argued,children,classes,intellectual,_,children,_,_,_,these,However,gifted,同词（同源词）暗示,同一话题暗示,同一话题（场景）暗示,反义暗示,反义暗示,因果暗示,_,_,.,27,However,totakethese5outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.Iobservedanumberof6childrenwhoweretakenoutofaspecialclassandplacedina7class.Inthespecialclass,theyshowedlittleabilitytousetheirownjudgment,relying8ontheirteachersdirections.Intheregularclass,havingnoworryaboutkeepingup,theybegantoreflect9onmanyproblems,someofwhichwerenotontheschoolprogram.5.A.childrenB.programsC.graduatesD.designs6.A.intelligentB.competentC.ordinaryD.independent7.A.separateB.regularC.newD.boring8.A.speciallyB.slightlyC.wronglyD.heavily9.A.directlyB.cleverlyC.voluntarilyD.quickly,_,_,_,反义暗示,与gifted近义暗示,giftedchildren,_,因果暗示,反义暗示,因果暗示,.,28,Manyareconcernedthatgiftedchildrenbecome10andloseinterestinlearning.Howeverthis11ismoreoftenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents,andsomeofthese12simplyconcludethatspecialclassesshouldbesetupforthosewhoare13.Sometopstudentsdofeelboredinclass,butwhythey14sogoesfarbeyondtheworktheyhaveinschool.Studieshaveshownthattobeboredistobeanxious.Thegiftedchildwhoisboredisan15child.10.A.doubtedB.boredC.worriedD.tired11.A.concernB.conclusionC.reflectionD.interest12.A.studentsB.adultsC.scholarsD.teachers13.A.talentedB.worriedC.learne