大学英语阅读理解技巧PPT课件

.,1,DailyProverbConfidenceinyourselfisthefirststepontheroadtosuccess.,.,2,大学英语阅读理解技巧Week1课程介绍阅读材料观点态度题解题技巧（四六级、考研分别介绍）及练习Week2主旨题解题技巧及练习Week3细节题解题技巧及练习Week4推理题解题技巧及练习Week5词汇题解题技巧及练习Week6指代题解题技巧及练习Week7长难句分析及翻译Week8阅读欣赏,.,3,Week9阅读欣赏Week10skimmingresolution高潮；coda结尾部分评价或寓意。说明文:problem-causeeffectsolutionevaluation.议论文：提出论题-论证-总结。驳斥性文章：别人观点，驳斥，自己观点论证。,.,15,2.生词1）可以从上下文或构词法进行快速的推测。2）只需对其所属类型进行判断。如，Afewmarblememorialswithcarvedbusts,urns,orotherdecorationswereproducedinEnglandandbroughttotheAmericancolonies(orbesetinthewallsofchurches3）对理解句子的整体意义不产生影响，则可以忽略，不作辨认。在做阅读测试部分时，应善于越过大部分专有名词：人名、地名、书名、机构及其缩写形式等，也应当快速越过不太重要的修饰词。,.,16,3.阅读过程中适当做一些标记1.）主题句;2）列举信号词first,second,third等.该考点常出题型为细节事实题或“WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue”之类是非题。3）举例子打比方的信号词。Suchas,forexample,forinstance等4）转折与强对比信号词有：however,but,yet,infact,unlike,until,notsomuchetc.词类考点常出现在逻辑推理中。5）因果信号词。because,since,for,as,therefore,consequently,resultin,originatefrom.等常成为细节题和推理题的考点。,.,17,6）表示总结的提示词，如：inconclusion,toconclude,insummary,tosumup,inshort,inbrief,7）复杂句命题者主要考查对句子之间的指代关系。It,that,this常出翻译题。8）特殊标点符号：包括；破折号，括号，冒号，引号后面的内容常是对前面内容的进一步解释和说明，多以推理型题出现，有时也出细节事实题型。9）最高级和唯一的词。best,most,only,solely,uniqueetc.和.数字年代。10）引用别人的论断，实验结果。,.,18,针对某一文章类型总结出一些第三词汇。比如：在“问题-解决”文章模式中，这些“第三词汇”就更加固定和明确。它们有：问题：concern,difficulty,dilemma,drawback,hamper,hinder(hindrance),obstacle,problem,snag等。反应：change,combat(v),comeupwith,develop,find,measure,respond,response等解决或结果：answer,consequence,effect,outcome,result,solution,(re)solve等。评价：（in）effect,manage,overcome,succeed,(un)successful,viable,work(v.)集于主张-反主张文章结构模式中的该类词汇有：claim,state,truth,false,infact,inreality,believe等等。,.,19,语气、态度题常见的提问方式有：Inthispassagetheauthorsattitudetoward.couldbestbedescribedasWhatistheauthorsattitudetowardsWhatsthetone/moodofthepassage?TheauthorappearstofeelAccordingtotheauthorTheauthorarguesthat关键词：attitude,tone,mood,.,20,作者本人的观点常以inmyview,inmyopinion,Ithink,personally,Ihold等词引出，尤其是如果表示观点的句中出现了should,oughtto,must等情态动词，更加说明这一观点是作者的观点。注意文中出现的claimedas,suppose,perceiveas,consideredas,rankedas等词，这些词往往与作者的观点态度相反。,.,21,要注意语篇中的修辞，褒义或贬义。尤其注重动词、形容词和副词的选用。尤其特殊动词的使用也可帮助我们判断作者的态度如ignore,fail,overestimate,underestimate,support,frustrate,puzzle等。从词语的复现也可以看出作者的态度，反复强调的是作者的观点。But,however等转折词后也往往是作者的观点。,.,22,AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortothenineteenthcentury“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanand,.,23,fulldevelopmentofhispotentialitiesthoseofloveandreasonaretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.Theauthorsattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof_.A.approvalB.dissatisfactionC.suspicionD.tolerance,.,24,Whatistheauthorsoverallattitudetowardsfridge?A)CriticalB)ObjectiveC)NeutralD)Compromising,.,25,Thefridgeseffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeeninsignificant.Ifyoudontbelieveme,tryityourself,investinafoodcabinetandturnoffyourfridgenextwinter.Youmaymissthehamburgerbutatleastyoullgetridofthatterriblehum.,.,26,A)作者态度approving赞同的;indifferent冷漠的，漠视的;positive积极的，正面的，肯定的concerned关注，关心的;critical批评的；pessimistic悲观的；detached冷漠的，漠视的depressed，沮丧的，情绪低落的；doubtful怀疑的；不敢肯定的；confident有信心的questioning怀疑的；质问的；impressed印象深的，受感动的；tolerant容忍的impersonal非个人的，不带个人感情的；objective客观的；factual事实的，实际的；实事求是的；persuasive规劝的；partial偏袒的；opinionated固执己见的，武断的,.,27,B)文章风格subjective主观的；impersonal非个人的，不带个人感情的；objective客观的；factual事实的，实际的；实事求是的；persuasive规劝的;partial偏袒的;opinionated固执己见的，武断的,.,28,C)行文语气polite有礼貌的，客气的;familiar熟悉的，亲热;serious严肃的，慎重的;emotional情绪化的cynical愤世嫉俗的;reverent尊敬的,虔诚的ironic讥讽的，讽刺的；sentimental伤感的；mocking嘲讽的；casual随便的，随意的,.,29,考研：全文态度题整篇文章必然不会成为答案的中性词indifferent,suspicious,questionablepuzzled议论文必须有论点，neutral也不可能；通常也不可能是贬义词biased等Objective可以成为带有褒义色彩的中性词Pessimisticpositiveoptimisticapproveddisapprovedcritical都可,.,30,做题方法1先看选项，排除必不能成为选项的中性词和贬义词2排除相近选项3看题干确定情感态度指向的对象4判断该对象的性质，当与伦理观念相吻合，作者态度多是肯定的当该对象与伦理观点相反作者态度反对的，消极的在伦理道德观中还没有定论安乐死，作者具有褒义色彩中性词与伦理道德无关，经济萧条褒义色彩中性词,.,31,两个角度1）没有标准答案，只有最佳答案2）应该选择褒义词，而没有褒义词；就选具有褒义色彩中性词；反之亦然。最有可能的是褒义色彩中性词，其次褒义词，最不可能贬义词，,.,32,4.Theauthorsattitudetowardseuthanasiaseemstobethatof_.AoppositionBsuspicionCapprovalDindifference20.Thepassageshowsthattheauthoris_thepresentsituation.通货膨胀AcriticalofBpuzzledbyCdisappointedatDamazedat,.,33,12.Theauthorattitudetowardtheissueofsciencevs.antiscience反科学is_.Aimpartial公正的BsubjectiveCbiasedDpuzzling4.Theauthorsattitudetowardstheissueseemstobe_.AbiasedBindifferentCpuzzlingDobjective,.,34,66.Towardthene