定语从句与宾语从句的区别

高中英语之两大从句区别,定语从句与宾语从句,学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。1.连接词连接词一般都是that(指事或人),which（指事）,who（指人）1.1从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。1.2从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在whetherornot结构中不能用if替换。1.3从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他2.判断时态情况：1.1主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。1.2主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时。,定语从句：关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有where,when,why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。(一）关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.,3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.,（二）介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导Theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.（三）关系副词引导的定语从句1.when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.2.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.3.why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.cityinwhich./whereIwasborn.,（四）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1.限制性定语从句：不用逗号和主句隔开；是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除；翻译成先行词的定语，“的”；在关系词的使用上，做宾语时可省略、可用that、可用who代替whom。2.非限制性定语从句：用逗号和主句隔开；是对先行词的补充说明，删除后意思仍完整；通常翻译成主句的并列句；在关系词的使用上，不可省、不用that、不用who代替whom。限制性定语从句举例：TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.非限制性定语从句举例：Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.,1Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo（NMET2001）AhowBafterCwhatDWhen2.Heasked_foraviolin（MET1992）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid3.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon（上海2001年春季招生）A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why4Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.(NMET1997)A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever,5._leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.(MET1988)A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who6.-IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.-Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?(NMET1999)A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where7.Istillremember_thisusedtobeaquietvillage.(NMET1993)A.whenB.howC.whereD.what8Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother，doesitmatter_itwas？（2001春季招生）AwhereBwhatChowDWhich9.Ithinkitisgoingtobeabigproblem.Yes,itcouldbe.Iwonder_wecandoaboutit.(北京2002春季)A、ifB、howC、whatD、that,10._isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(2001)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What11.Johnsaidhedbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,_wastrue.(2001北京春季)A.heB.thisC.whichD.who12.Thefamousbasketballstar,_triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.(2002春季)A.whereB.whenC.whichD.who13.Isthisthereason_atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?(2002上海春季)A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained14.Icanthinkofmanycases_studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldntwriteagoodessay.(2003上海)A.whyB.whichC.asD.where15.York,_lastyear,isaniceoldcity.(03北京)A.thatIvisitedB.whichIvisitedC.whereIvisitedD.inwhichIvisited,16.TheEnglishplay_mystudentsactedattheNewYearspartywasagreatsuccess.(2004)A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich17.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_thesailingtimewas226days.(2004)A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich18.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_hesaidit.(2004湖北).A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich19.Iworkinabusiness_almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.(2004湖南).A.howB.whichC.whereD.that20.Anyway,thatevening,_Illtellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachelsplace.(2004浙江)A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which21.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.(04天津)A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which,22.Thetruevalueoflifeisnotin_,but_.A.whichweget;whatgiveweB.whatweget;whatwegiveC.whichdoweget;whatdowegiveD.howweget;thatwegive23.HaveyouseenMarylately?Mybosswantstoknow_.A.howsheisgettingalongB.howisshegettingalongC.whatsheisgettingalongD.whatisshegettingalong24.GoandgetyourcoatIts_youleftitA.whereB.thereC.herewhereD.wherethere25.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho26.Youcantimagine_whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited,27.Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas，shehadrunbackinthedirection_shehadcome.（06重庆）A.ofwhichB.bywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich28.Youcanfindwhateveryouneedattheshoppingcenter_isalwaysbusyattheweekend.（06上海春季）A.thatB.whereC.whatD.which29.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltownhegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.w