关于移动支付过去-现状-未来的文献综述外文翻译

毕业论文（设计）外文翻译一、外文原文标题：Past，present and future of mobile payments research: A literature review原文：The mobile payment services markets are currently under transition with a history of numerous tried and failed solutions, and a futu of promising but yet uncertain possibilities with potential new technology innovations. At this point of the development, we take a look at the current state of the mobile payment services market from a literature review perspective. We review prior literature on mob payments, analyze the various factors that impact mobile payment services markets, and suggest directions for future research in the still emerging eld. To facilitate the analysis of literature, we propose a framework of four contingency and ve competitive force factor and organize the mobile payment research under the proposed framework. Consumer perspective of mobile payments as well as technic security and trust are best covered by contemporary research. The impacts of social and cultural factors on mobile payments, as well comparisons between mobile and traditional payment services are entirely uninvestigated issues. Most of the factors outlined by framework have been addressed by exploratory and early phase studies. Mobile phones have transformed telephony profoundly. They are equipped with functionalities which surpass telephony needs, and which inspire the development of value-added mobile services, the use of mobile phones as access devices, and mobile commerce in general. The number of mobile phones in use far exceeds any other technical devices that could be used to market, sell, produce, or deliver products and services to consumers. These developments open lucrative opportunities to merchants and service providers. Purchased products and services have to be paid for. Initially, xed-line telephony billing systems were modied to charge mobile telephony. Later, mobile telephony billing systems were introduced, and used also to charge various mobile services when such services emerged. Yet, payments based on billing systems have several limitations. These include comparatively high payment transaction fees, merchant and service provider complaints about unfair revenue sharing, and the necessity to provision services to billing systems 66,80. In some areas, such as the European Union, credited payment services to third parties require a (limited) credit institution license. The lack of suitable pay-ment instruments has for a long time been regarded as a factor that hampers the development of mobile commerce. Mobile payments are payments for goods, services, and bills with a mobile device (such as a mobile phone, smart-phone, or personal digital assistant (PDA) by taking advantage of wireless and other communication technologies. Mobile devices can be used in a variety of payment scenarios, such as payment for digital content (e.g., ring tones, logos, news, music, or games), tickets, parking fees and transport fares, or to access electronic payment services to pay bills and invoices. Payments for physical goods are also possible, both at vending and ticketing machines, and at manned point-of-sale (POS) terminals. A mobile payment is carried out with a mobile payment instrument such a mobile credit card or a mobile wallet. In addition to pure mobile payment instruments, most electronic and many physical payment instruments have been mobilized. Furthermore, mobile payments, as all other payments, fall broadly into two categories: payments for daily purchases, and payments of bills (credited payments). For purchases, mobile payments complement or compete with cash, cheques, credit cards, and debit cards. For bills, mobile payments typically provide access to account-based payment instruments such as money transfers, Internet banking payments, direct debit assignments, or electronic invoice acceptance.In the early 2000s, mobile payment services became a hot topic and remained so even after the burst of the Internet hype. Hundreds of mobile payment services, including access to electronic payments and Internet banking, were introduced all over the world. Strikingly many of these orts failed. For example, most, if not all, of the dozens of mobile payment services available in EU countries and listed in the ePSO database in 2002 5 have been discontinued. To facilitate the development of better mobile payment services, it is important to understand the lessons of his history by learning what previous studies have discovered about mobile payments and about the mobile payment services markets, as well as what issues have remained unanswered. The aim of this paper is to summarize ndings from past mobile payments research, and to suggest promising directions for future research. There are a number of factors that highlight the signicance and usefulness of such a literature review. Firstly, the eld has seen a growing number of publications, yet a thorough review of existing work is missing. The lack of published literature reviews impedes the progress in the eld; review articles are critical to strengthening an area as a eld of study 88. Secondly, research so far seems fragmented, and lacks a roadmap or an agenda. Reviewing existing literature not only leads to a better understanding of the state of the research in the eld, but it also discerns patterns in the development of the eld itself. Finally, a synthesis of existing ndings allows researchers not to repeat similar work, and discover important gaps. In other words, it closes areas where a plethora of research already exists, and at the same time uncovers those areas where research is lacking 88. Another contribution of this literature review is the proposed theoretical framework, around which the review is organized. Webster and Watson 88 recommend that the best reviews need to be conceptually structured, and based on a guiding theory. Our framework provides a guiding structure that allows us to eectively accumulate knowl edge, and to interpret previous ndings. Because the frame work itself aims to explain relevant factors in the mobile payment services market, basing the literature review on the framework ensures that the review is comprehensive and holistic, and reveals research gaps that could otherwise be overlooked. The framework not only helps to explain the existing body of knowledge on each factor of the frame work, but, more importantly, it also provides an overview of the mobile payment services market, illustrating how the various perspectives and research ndings t together as part of the big picture.The framework used for the review of literature applies two guiding theories. They are the ve forces model developed by Porter 68, and the generic contingency theory which emerged from the work of Lawrence and Lorch Perrow and Thompson 81. The framework is used to classify past research, to analyze research ndings of classied studies, and to propose meaningful research questions for future research for each factor. The prime actors in the mobile payment services market are mobile payment service providers and their customers. Various parties assuming these roles in the market include consumers, merchants, nancial institutions and telecom operators. Additional parties, typically vendors of hand sets, software, networks and other technologies may also be involved. The power and the interests of these parties impact how technologies and other resources are orches trated into mobile payment services, and how these services are ored to and used by the market. Moreover, mobile payment services compete for the attention of customers and other parties against physical and electronic payment services. Mobile payment services are a natural choice to pay for mobile services. Yet, to succeed, mobile payment services may have to oer added value and be available for other relevant payment environments as well. Porters 68 competitive factors strategy model, or the ve forces model, describes both the key role of a mobile payment service provider, and other market factors. The model applies insights from industrial organization theory to analyze the competitive environment on the level of business units 3, and relates the average protability of the participants in an industry to competitive forces 30. The basic proposition is that organizational performance mainly depends on the industry structure. According to Pearce and Robinson 65 and Johnson 29, the strengths of Porters model are that it provides one simple approach to analyze industry structure, identify and determine the attractiveness of an industry, reveal insights on protability, inform important decisions about whether to leave or enter industries or sectors, and develop strategic optionsto improve relative performance in the industry or inuence relative position in the industry. As one of the most inuential management tools for strategic industry analysis 3, the model has been applied by numerous practitioners and academics 30. The above arguments suggest that the model is well suited to guide the classication of literature on the mobile payments services markets. In addition to the competitive forces within the mobile payments services markets, other factors are believed to impact these markets as well, for example, technology and standards, regulatory activities and legislation, estab lished purchase and payment habits, or national economy infrastructures. If we regard a mobile payment services market as the unit of analysis (organization), these other factors become contingency factors, which inuence the performance of the unit but are beyond the inuence and control of that unit, as dened in the contingency theory. Contingency theory therefore is also well suited to classify mobile payments research and to capture the environmental factors which are characteristic to the mobile payment services markets .The roots of contingency theory are typically seen in open systems theory and in CyertSimonMarch stream of theory (e.g., 23,89). Contingency theory emphasizes the importance of environmental inuences, especially technology, on the management of organizations, and suggests that there is no single best way to manage or organize. The identication of contingency factors is one typical research theme. In addition to technology, other typical contingency factors include cultural, social and economic factors. In the context of mobile payment services markets, it is natural to include regulation, jurisdiction and standardization factors too because nancial services and telecommunication are among the most regulated industries, and the use of standards is characteristic to telecommunication. Two features of contingency theory make it useful for our purposes. Contingency theory is described as a mid range theory which falls between two extreme views 21,89. According to one extreme view, it is possible to nd universally true theories, whereas the other one claims that each unit of analysis is unique and has to be analyzed based on situational factors. Contingency theory postulates that environmental factors are important but also that the impacts of environmental factors are systematic, rather than entirely situational. The contingency approach is useful for the classication of mobile payment research, since, for example, mobile payment services dier between markets, such as Japan, various European countries, or the USA, but they do so in systematic ways, for instance due to dierences in payment technology infrastructure, regulation, laws, or habits. The other useful feature of contingency theory is the environment strategy performance link 21. The theory claims that the environment, such as the amount and type of regulation, impacts the structure of the organization, by, for example, inuencing which entities have incentives to become mobile payment service providers. This, in turn, impacts performance, such as adoption interests of merchants and consumers. Another example is that enhanced technology makes it possible to provide enhanced services, which in turn increases interest toward the services. The resulting framework is presented in Fig. 1. The framework is multi-faceted since it includes both market factors and contingency factors. The inner facet of the framework, that is competitive factors, describes the ve main competitive forces of the mobile payment services markets. The outer facet of the framework includes contin gency factors, that is, technological, social/cultural, commercial, and legal/regulatory/standardization. In addition to the theoretical basis described above, the framework has also been inuenced by research models proposed in earlier studies 10,28,27. Jayewardene and Foley 28 proposed that changes in technological, cultural, commercial and legal factors, together with the competitive forces of nancial services market, drive nancial services development. Javalgi and Ramsey 27 suggested that information technology and telecommunication, social/cultural commercial, and government/legal factors impact the diusion of global eCommerce. Dahlberg and Mallat 10 combined these two models to describe factors which characterize mobile payment services markets and impact the diusion of these services. We stress that the framework can be used as a metamodel to classify the existing literature, and as a research model to examine the die rent factors that inuence the mobile payments services market. The framework is useful for these purposes because: (1) it is based on guiding theories, is conceptually sound, and draws from previous research; (2) it helps to bring clarity to the multiple topics and to the vague, conicting terminology present in professional and academic mobile payment literature; and (3) it shows clearly what factors impact the mobile payments services market and services development, another issue in need of clarity.出处：Tomi Dahlberg .Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 7 (2008) 165181二、翻译文章标题：关于移动支付过去，现状，未来的文献综述译文：手机已经深刻地改变了电话史，他们具备的了普通电话所不具备的很多功能，比如说激励增值移动服务发展，作为接入设备使用的移动电话，以及通用移动商务的使用。目前移动电话的使用数量远远超过任何可能被用于市场，销售，生产或提供产品和服务给消费者的其他技术设备。这一切发展给商家和服务提供商提供了丰厚的获利机会。购买产品和服务都必须支付。最初，固定电话计费系统被运用于移动电话的计费系统。接着，移动电话计费系统被引进，并被运用于各种各样的移动收费服务。但是，这种计费系统有很多的局限性。比如说，相对较高的支付交易费，商家和服务供应商对不公平的利益分配的抱怨，以及对给这种计费系统所提供的必要的服务。在一些地区，如欧盟，对于提供给第三方的信贷支付需要一个（有限的）信贷机构许可证。长时间以来，一个合理的支付工具的缺乏都被认为是移动商业发展路上的绊脚石。移动支付就是通过无线通信以及其他通讯工具的优势来实现和移动设备有关的货物，服务，账务等商业活动的进行，（比如移动手机，智能手机，个人数字助理，）移动服务可以背广泛的运动于各种各样的支付领域，比如：数字内容付款（如铃声，标语， 新闻，音乐，或游戏），门票，停车费和交通费，或者对工资单及发票的电子支付服务。对于实物来说，移动支付也同样适用，无论是自动贩卖机，自动售票机还是有人销售的销售点终端。手机支付伴随着一系列的移动支付工具出现，比如信用卡或者电子钱包。除了纯粹的移动支付以外，大多数的电子支付，以及实物支付都被调动起来。此外，像其他支付手段一样移动支付大体上被分为两大类：对日常用品的支付以及对账单的支付（信用支付），从购物这方面来看，移动支付时对现金，支票，信用卡，借记卡等来说是一种补充或者是竞争。对于账单来说，移动支付通常可以提供基于账款支付的服务，如：汇款，网银支付，直接付款作业，或者电子发票验收。 早在2000年，移动支付服务成为一个热门话题，并且将一个永恒的话题，即使在网络广告破灭的情况下。成百上千的移动支付服务，包括电子支付和网上银行，都被广泛地推向世界各地。但是，令人震惊的是很多的努力都付诸东流。比如：大多数的2002年在欧盟可以运用以及ePSO数据库中列出手机支付服务现在都已经被停止使用了为了促进移动手机支付业务的发展，了解它的发展历史非常重要，必须了解关于手机支付和手机支付服务市场的文献史料，了解哪些问题依然有待解决。本论文的目的在于通过对过去关于移动支付调查的研究为今后发展研究方向指明方向。 在历史文献中具有很多有着突出重要性和有用性的的材料。首先，这一领域已经见证了愈来越多的出版物的涌现，但是在发展的过程中有很多文献都遗失了。这种遗失阻碍了这一领域的发展，回顾相关资料对于提高这一方面的只是储备有着至关重要的意义。其次，目前为止，相关方面的研究似乎都是支离破碎的，根本没有一个整体的规划图或者说是议案。回顾现存的文献研究不仅可以帮助我们更好的了解在这一领域的相关研究，还可以帮助我们洞察这一领域自身的发展模式。最后，对于现有文献的整理综合可以帮助研究者避免重复类似的工作，找到工作的重点。换句话说，就是取缔那些研究过剩研究，同时，挖掘那些研究匮乏的领域。另一方面，本论文旨在提出前面已经提到过的理论性的结构图。Webster 和 Watson 建议说最好的评论应该同时具备两个特点：概念理论性强以及基于指导性理论。我们的框架为我们提供了指导，它帮助我们有效的积累知识和解释以前的研究结果。以为框架本身就是致力于解释在移动支付服务市场的相关因素，基于这个框架基础上的文献研究保证了这项文是全面的，整体的，并且揭示可能被忽视的研究差距。这个框架不仅帮助我们解释框架的每个因素的现有知识，并且更重要的是为我们提供了一个对移动支付服务市场的概况，说明各种观点和研究成果是怎么样融合成一个整体性蓝图的。在文献框架构建中，主要使用了两个指导性理论。他们是波特五力模型和劳伦斯和洛奇、佩罗和Thompson有关在工作中出现的一般应急理论。该框架是用来区分过去研究，分类研究的分析研究成果，并提出对未来研究有意义的各因素的研究问题。移动支付服