电梯流量分析PPT课件

RuleofThumb&SchindlerBenchmark.基本原则和迅达基准Introduction&Guidelines.相关介绍和指引,.2,RuleofThumb.基本原则AMethodicofbestguessoftheElevatorConfigurationneeded.对电梯配置进行有条理和最有效预估的要素,.3,RuleofThumb.基本原则HowtoDesignanElevatorforanOfficeBuilding?如何规划办公楼的电梯配置？,DefinedBuildingPopulation?确定大楼人数？DefinedHC5Requirement?确定5分钟运载能力要求？DefinedWTRequirement?确定候梯时间要求？DefineNumberofElevators确定电梯数量DefineCarSpeed确定电梯速度DefineCarLoad确定电梯载重,.4,RuleofThumb.基本原则EstimateNumbersofElevatorsneeded.估算电梯数量,250personsperelevator每台电梯服务250人,4-5floorsperelevator每台电梯服务4-5个楼层,24floorsperelevatorgroup每个梯组服务24个楼层,.5,OfficeBuilding.办公楼DefinetheCarSpeed.确定电梯速度,HQ=Travelheight(65mexamplebeside)HQ=提升高度（假设左侧例子的提升高度为65米）T=TraveltimefrommainfloortotopfloorwithouttakingtimelossesintoaccountcausedbyaccelerationanddecelerationT=从基站直驶到最高层站的时间，不考虑加减速等额外时间RecommendedValuesforTravelTime行程时间推荐值-20secfortoprequirement(examplebeside)顶级标准为20秒（假设左侧例子如是）-25secformediumrequirement中档标准为25秒-32secbasicrequirement普通标准为32秒VKN=HQ/T=65m/20s=3.25m/s,.6,RuleofThumb.基本原则Summary.综述,.7,RuleofThumb.基本原则RelationWT/INT.WT和INT的关系,InterpretationofIntervalWaitingTime说明：间隔时间候梯时间TherelationofintervalINTandaveragewaitingtimeWThasbeenexaminedforanumberofdifferentelevatorgroups.IthasfoundoutthattheratioWT/INTdependsverymuchontheelevatorgroupandonthearrivalrate(aspercentageofthemaximumhandlingcapacity).经过对比不同梯组的电梯间隔时间和平均候梯时间，我们发现：WT/INT系数很大程度上取决于梯组配置和到达率（与5分钟运载能力最大值相等）Forassessinganelevatorgroupsmaximumperformance,theusualrelationof“WT=60%xINT”isnotrealistic.Betteruse“WT=80%xINT”oreven“WT=INT”.要对电梯梯组的最大性能进行评估，惯常用的“WT=60%xINT”公式并不能反映真实情况，建议使用“WT=80%xINT”或“WT=INT”。,.8,RuleofThumb.基本原则HowtoDefinetheCarLoadGQ?确定电梯载重,P=ArxINTP=Passengerspercar(carloadedwith80%)P=每个轿厢的乘客数量（轿厢满载率80%）Ar=Arrivalrate=arrivingpersonspersecondAr=到达率=每秒内到达的人数INT=IntervalconsideringwaitingtimeWT=80%ofINT=roughestimationINT=间隔时间按WT=80%xINT考虑=粗略估算ArrivalRateAr(example):到达率Ar（举例说明）：Population=800,handlingcapacity=14%,arrivingpersons=112persons/5min人数=800，运载能力=14%，到达人数112人/5分钟Ar=0.3733persons/sec.Ar=0.37733人/秒IntervalINT(example):间隔时间INT（举例说明）：RequiredwaitingtimeWT=24sec候梯时间要求WT=24秒Interval=(WT/80)x100=30sec间隔时间=(WT/80)x100=30秒CarLoad电梯载重P=ArxINT=0.3733persons/secx30sec.P=ArxINT=0.3733人/秒x30秒=11.2personsconsidering80%carload=11.2人，80%轿厢满载率=14.0personsconsidering100%carload=14.0人，100%轿厢满载率GQ100%=14personsx75kg/person=1050kg=choose1250Kg,.9,TrafficVision3.0Overview概览,GivenInput假设值:BuildingwithaPopulationof800大楼总人数800人AmountoffloorsabovemainFloor=16基站以上楼层数=16TravelHeightaround65m提升高度大约为65米RequiredHC5=14%要求HC5=14%RequiredaverageWTaround24sec要求平均候梯时间WT约为24秒1.EstimatedNumberofElevators估算电梯数量NumberofElevators=4(800People/200PeopleperElevator)and(Flooramount/4floorservingperElevator)=Highervalueshouldbeconsidered电梯数量=4（800人/每台电梯服务200人），如同时使用另外一个公式（楼层数/每台电梯服务4个楼层）来计算电梯数量，应取两者的最大值。2.EstimatedSpeed估算电梯速度ElevatorSpeedtoreachtop/mediumleveltraveltimebetween20-25secV=HQ/t=20sec=65/20=3.25m/sexpectedspeed3m/s如要满足顶级或中档要求，电梯的行程时间应在20-25秒之间V=HQ/t=20秒=65/20=3.25米/秒，预期电梯速度为3米/秒。3.EstimatedCarload估算电梯载重INT=(WT/80)x100=(24/80)x100=30secAr=(Population/100)*HC5/300=(800/100)*14/300=0.37333Persons/secP=Ar*INT=0.3733*30=11.2Persons(80%carload)100%carloadwouldbearound14.0Persons)estimatedcarload(75Kg/person)=1050Kgwouldfitwitha1250KgCarLoadDesignP=Ar*INT=0.3733*30=11.2人(轿厢满载率80%)，如按100%轿厢满载率，人数约为14人，按75公斤/人，则电梯载重=1050公斤，向上取整得电梯载重1250公斤。,.10,SchindlerTrafficStandards.迅达交通流量标准,.11,DefinedTrafficSituations确定交通状况,SchindlerTrafficStandards.迅达交通流量标准TrafficSituations(Criteria).交通状况（标准）,.12,SchindlerTrafficStandards.迅达交通流量标准StarRating(Criteria).星级评定（标准）,DefinedCriteria确定标准,.13,SchindlerTrafficStandards.迅达交通流量标准Guidelines.指引,ImportantNote:重点提示：AsaSchindlerguidelinealwaysfollowthefollowingrules.迅达指引总是遵循以下原则：Lookatthelowestratingofallanalysesofaproject.Then:查看项目里所有的分析数据，找出最低值，然后：3starsormoreareo.k.andrecommended.如果达到三星级或以上，该电梯配置可行并可推荐。2stars:Suchprojectsmustbeexaminedcarefully(includingasecondopinione.g.ofasuperior)andareonlyacceptedforgoodreasons.Youshouldbeawarethatsuchaprojectismarginalw.r.t.elevatorperformance,andwemightfacecriticalquestionsorproblemsrelatedtohighwaitingtimesetc.二星级：这类项目必须仔细核实（如获取上级意见），如无充分理由将不予采纳。应当谨记这样的电梯配置其效能是相当低的，日后我们很可能会由于候梯时间等问题受到客户的质询。1starorless:SuchprojectsmustberejectedbySchindler.Theelevatorperformanceispoor,andsuchinstallationsmaycausesevereproblemsanddamageSchindlersreputation.一星级或以下：迅达必须拒绝承接这类项目。由于电梯的效能极差，在投入使用后会问题不断，直接影响迅达的声誉。,.14,OverviewReport(Example)报告概览（例子）Illustrationofananalysiswitharatingof2.6,下图这个例子，该分析取得的星级是2.6correspondingtothefollowingperformancevalues:对应的性能数值为：HC5=10.4%,WT=43.1s(Projectisnotrecommended!),DefinedReportingStandards确定报告标准,.,SchindlerTrafficStandards.迅达交通流量标准StarRatingforOfficeBuildings.办公楼的星级,STARCriteria,Interpretation:,.,SchindlerTrafficStandards.迅达交通流量标准StarRatingforHotelBuildings.酒店的星级,STARCriteria,Interpretation:,.,SchindlerTrafficStandards.迅达交通流量标准StarRatingforResidentialBuildings.住宅楼的星级,STARCriteria,Interpretation:,.,StarRating.星级评定Explanation.说明,SchindlerStarRatingDefinition,.19,StarRatingAutoSetting.自动选取星级ExplanationonOfficeBuildingUp-peak.针对办公楼上行高峰模式的说明,WTsec,HC5%,5,20,25,10,15,30,35,40,12,13,14,15,16,11,3*,4*,5*,3*,4*,5*,4.75*,4.75*,AutoevaluationPointswheretheSystemfindstheoptimumofrating,meanswhereWTandHC5havethesameStarratinginourexample4.75*系统自动选取星级点，在该点WT和HC5的星级值是一样的，如本例子为4.75*,PerformanceCurveSimulation,IfwewouldchoosemanuallytheValuesthesystemtakestheloweronefromHC5orWTinourexampleon13%HC5itwouldbe3.5*如果我们要进行手动调整，系统会选取HC5或WT对应星级较小的数值，例如本例子HC5为13%时对应的星级是3.5*,3.5*,.,RelationtoCIBSEGuideD与CIBSEGuideD的关系,.,CIBSEGuideDRecommendationsCIBSEGuideD的推荐值Recommendationsforofficebuildings(singleandmultipletenancy,standardandprestige),hotels,residentialbuildings,hospitals,schools.各类推荐值包括办公楼（单租户和多租户，普通及高档），酒店，住宅，医院，学校。Recommendationsexpressedbyarrivalrateandinterval.到达率和间隔时间的推荐值。Note:Trafficsituationsarenotclearlystated.备注：对于交通状况并没有清晰的规定Detailsforoffice,hotels,residential:Seenextpages.对于办公楼，酒店，住宅的详细介绍：请参阅下页。,CIBSEGuideDOverview概述,.,CIBSEGuideDRecommendations(fromTable3.1)AssumedTrafficSituation:Up-Peak,OfficeBuildings办公楼Comparison对比,SchindlerRatingTrafficS