必修三Unit 3 Grammar课件(课堂PPT)

1,Nounclausesastheobjectandpredicative,Unit3Grammar,2,名词性从句nounclause,主语从句subjectclause,宾语从句objectclause,表语从句predicativeclause,同位语从句appositiveclause,3,表语从句的定义：在复合句中作主句的表语。它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有:be,taste,feel,sound,look,seem.keep,remain,stay,get,turn等。,4,连词：that/whether/asif/asthough连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what连接副词：when/where/why/how/because,5,表语从句引导词注意事项,1.that引导表语从句时不能省。2.if不能引导表语从句.3.当主语为“要求，建议，命令”时，表语从句用虚拟语气（should+动词原型）4.当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用_,而不能由_引导;because引导表语从句时只能用于_句型中.,that来引导,because,It/That/Thisis/wasbecause,6,1.Itseemsthatyouareright.2.Thequestioniswhocandothework.3.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.4.Thatswhereyouneedtogo.5.Thatsthehousewherewelive.6.Idontknowwheretheylive.,7,ObjectClauses宾语从句,M3U3Grammar,8,Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.,主语,谓语,宾语,主语,谓语,宾语-宾语从句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,9,什么是宾语？,Iknowhim.Doyouhavethetime?Ithink(that)sheisbeautiful.Whydontyoupayattentiontome?,宾语位于谓语动词或者介词后,10,一、宾语从句的概念,在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，常放在主句谓语动词或介词之后。E.g.WeknowthatMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.,二、宾语从句三要素,引导词（连接词）语序时态,11,Wewonderhowweshalldo.Couldyoutellmewheretheyare?Webelievethattheyhavefinishedtheirtask.4.IamsorrythatIdidntknowyouwanttojointheParty.,找出下列句中的宾语从句,12,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,（一）引导词,1,2,3,13,e.g.Hesaid(that)hemissedusverymuchTheteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注：that在句中无意义，在从句中不能充当成分，可以省略。,14,that不能省略的2种情况,（2）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时（it常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾）Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.,（1）当and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个and可省。Ihearhewillcomebackandthathewillneverleave.,在insist,demand,suggest,order等词后面的宾从用虚拟语气。我建议你早点睡觉。Isuggest(that)youshouldgotobedearly.,15,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,Iwanttoknowif(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus.2.Askhimwhether(if)hecancome3.Iwonderwhetheritisgoingtorainornot4.Couldyoutellmewhether(if)Mr.Liliveshere,if/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。,16,只能用whether不能用if的情况（四种）,1.在介词后面：Imthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在动词不定式前(whethertodosth.)：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.,17,3.当与ornot或or连用时:Idontknowwhetherhesfreeornot.Tellmewhetheryoudliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时：Whetherthisistrue,Icantsay.,18,Practicetime,if/whether1.Iaskedher_shehadabike.2.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.3.Iwonder_heiswell.4.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.5.Idontknow_togo.,if/whether,whether,whether/if,whether,whether,19,由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾从,代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义(保留疑问含义)，不可省略。,20,1.Iwonder_itsbecauseIhaventbeenabletobeoutdoors.2.Thats_theyrecalledtheWinterOlympics.3.MayIask_youweredoinginmyrestaurant?4.Iwonder_youdmindusaskingafewquestions.5.Mayweask_youredoinginthiscountryand_yourplansare?,if,why,what,if,what,what,21,6.Well,Icantsay_Ihaveanyplans.7.hiseyesstareat_isleftonthetable8.Ididntknow_Icouldsurviveuntiltomorrow.9.Thefactis_Iearnedmymoneybyworkinghard.10.Thats_wevegivenyoutheletter.,that,what,whether,that,why,22,11.Theydontknow_wewillcomeback.12.Shewantedtoknow_bookyouliketobuy.13.Iwasreallysurprisedat_Isaw.14.Doyouknow_skirtitis?,when,which,what,whose,23,二、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,24,1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.,2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idontknowwhatdidhewanttobuy.Idontknowwhathewantedtobuy.,主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）,25,Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappening?Whathappened?,注：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：,e.g.Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?,做主语,做宾语,26,Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.,三、时态,主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。,27,2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）,Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.,28,3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。,Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.,29,30,Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)Ihearthey_(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise),willbe,goes,havereturned,hadbeen,rises,31,宾语从句三要素,时态,Summary(小结）,引导词（连接词）,语序,32,1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime4.Doesanybodyknow_wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that,D,A,B,C,Practice,33,5.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive,C,B,D,34,8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina10.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgo,B,C,D,35,1.Ireallyhavenoidea_(我该选择什么主题).2.Ourteachertoldus_(光速比声速快多了).3.Ididnttellhim_(我参加了什么项目).4.I_(认为他没有时间和你打高尔夫球).5.Theyarediscussing_(这答案是否正确).,根据汉语完成句子。,36,1.IreallyhavenoideawhatsubjectIshouldchoose.(我该选择什么主题)2.Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.(光速比声速快多了)3.IdidnttellhimwhichsportIwasin.(我参加了什么项目)4.Idontthinkhehastimetoplaygolfwithyou.(认为他没有时间和你打高尔夫球)5.Theyarediscussingiftheanswerisright.(这答案是否正确),37,PredicativeClauses表语从句,38,表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。另外,常用的还有thereasonwhyisthat和Itisbecause等结构。例如：,39,一、表语从句三要素,引导词（连接词）语序时态,40,如何区分表语从句？,Heisastudent.主语谓语表语Thereasonisthatheisastudent.主语谓语表语从句句子做表语就是表语从句。,41,.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用:对主语进行解释说明。,连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough（if不引导表语从句)连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what连接副词：when/where/why/how/because,Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.Thatsbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.ThatswhyIwaslate.,42,不同引导词引导的表语从句,由从属连词that引导的表语从句,由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的表语从句,由从属连词whether，asifthough引导的表语从句,（一）引导词,1,2,3,43,由从属连词whether,asif引导的表语从句,1.Thequestionis_2.Iwonder_.,whetheritisworthdoing.,whetheritisrightorwrong,itwasgoingtorain,whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。,asif表似乎，猜测,Itlookedasif_,44,e.g.WhatIwanttosayisthatImsorry.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.,由从属连词that引导的表语从句,注：that在从句中不能省略,45,1.Thatis_.2.Thatwas_.3.Theproblemis_.4.Histroubleis_.,whatheisworriedabout,whytheymadeabet,howtheycangetfood,wherehecanfindhisbook,由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾从,代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义（保留疑问含义），不可省略。,46,注意：,一般情况下，“that”不能省。Itis/wasbecause.Itis/waswhy.在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“whether”不能用“If”。3.Thereason(why/for)is/wasthat.4Thereasonisbecause/why,that.,47,注意,表语从句的引导词与宾语从句相同.但:1.that引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句.,48,1.Pleasetellmeyouwillgotothelecturetomorrow.(宾语从句)2.Italldependsontheskywillclearup.(介词宾语从句)3.Thequestionisthefilmiswellworthseeing.(表语从句),关联词比较,whether/if,whether/if,whether,Whether,49,二、语序表语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,50,1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Thequestioniswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Thequestioniswhenwillhegotothelibrary.,2.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.Thatiswhatisheworriedabout.,主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）,51,Itiswherehelivesin.Itiswherehelivedin10yearsago.,三、时态,主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。,52,2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）,Herwishwasthatshecouldloseweightsoon.Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.Thequestionwaswhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthatthetrainhadalreadyleft.,53,1.Thats_thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis_heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis_theywereseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger_shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when,54,Individualactivity,注:另附word文档。点击此处链接,55,1.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas_wedidthismorning.(2006全国I)A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what,I.Choosethebestanswer.,56,2.Choosingtherightdictionarydependson_youwanttouseitfor.(2007江苏)A.whatB.whyC.howD.whether3.CouldIspeakto_isinchargeofInternationalSales,please?(2007山东)A.anyoneB.someoneC.whoeverD.nomatterwho,57,4.Theseasideheredrawsalotoftouristseverysummer.Warmsunshineandsoftsandsmake_itis.(2007天津)A.whatB.whichC.howD.where5.Ashisbestfriend,Icanmakeaccurateguessesabout_hewilldoorthink.(2008上海)A.whatB.whichC.whomD.that,58,6.Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee_itgotanybetter.(2009北京)A.whenB.howC.whyD.if7.Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain_shewasandwaitforhermother.(2009山东)A.whereB.whatC.howD.who,59,8.Wehaventdiscussedyet_wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.(2010全国I)A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where9.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew_shewassoangry.(2010湖南)A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why,60,10.IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.Thats_Idontagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.(2010江苏)A.whereB.howC.whenD.what11.Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeis_shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.(2010上海)A.thatB.howC.whatD.why,61,12.Weveofferedherthejob,butIdontknow_shellacceptit.(2011山东)A.whereB.whatC.whetherD.which13.Thevillagershavealreadyknown_welldoistorebuildthebridge.(2011江西)A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which,62,14.Idliketostartmyownbusinessthats_IddoifIhadthemoney.(2011陕西)A.whyB.whenC.whichD.what15.Theshockingnewsmademerealize_terribleproblemswewouldface.(2011北京)A.whatB.howC.thatD.why,63,16.Wepromise_attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.(2012福建)A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever17.Thenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedfor_hecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.(2012辽宁)A.whereverB.howeverC.whateverD.whichever,64,18.Itsgoodtoknow_thedogswillbewellcaredforwhilewereaway.(2013山东)A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.that19.Policehavefound_appearstobethelostancientstatue.(2013新课标I)A.whichB.whereC.howD.what,65,20.Expertsbelieve_peoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.(2013北京)A.whyB.whereC.thatD.what,66,O