宾语从句知识点归纳与练习PPT精选文档

1,语法专项,-ObjectClause宾语从句,2,一、宾语从句的概念,在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的句子结构：主语+谓语+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句,3,二、宾语从句三要素,连接词,语序,（主句和从句中的时态）,（从句要用陈述句语序）,时态,4,（一）连接词,1.that(陈述句充当宾语从句，用that引导，that无词义，往往可以省去。)2.whether/if（一般疑问句充当宾语从句，用whether/if引导，翻译为“是否”。）3.连接代词（特殊疑问句充当宾语从句）whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.连接副词（特殊疑问句充当宾语从句）whenwhywherehow,5,注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,e.g.Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)hemissedusverymuch（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun（地球围着太阳转）,1.由that引导的宾语从句,6,e.g.1.Askhimwhether(if)hecancome.（他是否能来）2.Idontknowwhetheritisgoingtorainornot.（是否要下雨）,当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,2.由if和whether引导的宾语从句,7,只能用whether而不能用if的情况,Idontknow_hewillcomeornot.Idontcareof_heishandsome.Hewondered_tostayherethenextweek._hewillcomeisnotdecided.,与or/ornot连用只能用whether,介词后只能用whether,与todo不定式连用只能用whether,作主语只能用whether，whether置于句首,8,3.由连接代词及连接副词引导的宾语从句,9,1.当陈述句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+that+主语+谓语部分2.当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+if(whether)+主语+谓语部分3.当特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+特殊疑问词+主语+谓语部分,宾语从句引导词小结,10,一.选择合适的连接词1Idontknow_ornot.A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathomeC.thatheisathomeD.whetherisheathome2Thisdependson_theweatherisfine.A.whichB.whetherC.ifD.that3Theteacheraskedthenewstudent_classhewasin.A.whichB.whereC.ifD.that,A,B,A,11,4Idontknow_Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.HellhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where5Becareful!Dontbreakthebottles.Doyouhear_Isaid?David?Yes,MumA.whatB.thatC.whyD.if6Doyouknow_Mr.Blacksaddressis?HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.Imnotsureof_.A.where,whichB.where,whatC.what,whichD.what,where,B,A,C,12,7Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydontknow_.A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchooseD.whatIshouldchoose,B,13,(二)时态,1.当主句是现在时或将来时的时候，宾语从句可以用所需要的任何时态。eg:Weknow(that)Mrs.ChenteachesEnglish.2.主句是过去时，宾语从句一般只能用过去时的某种eg:Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.3.当从句叙述的是客观事实或一般真理时，宾语从句仍然用现在时态。eg:Hetoldtheboythatthreeplusoneisfour.,14,(三)语序,宾语从句要用陈述句语序连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,15,类型一：语序1.Didyoufindout_?A.shewaslookingforwhosechildB.whosechildwasshelookingforC.whosechildsheislookingforD.whosechildshewaslookingfor2.Areyouinterestedin_?A.howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdidit3.Idontknow_.Canyoutellme?A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare,D,C,D,16,4.Whatdidthescientistsay?Hesaidhewonderedif_intospacebyspaceshiponeday.A.hehadtoflyB.hecouldflyC.canheflyD.couldhefly5.Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme_?A.WherethebanknearestB.whereisthenearestbankC.wherethenearestbankisD.thenearestbankiswhere6.Ihearwellhaveanewteacherthisterm.Really?Doyouknow_?A.whatsubjectdoesheteachB.Whatsubjectwillheteach?C.whatsubjectishegoingtoteachD.whatsubjectheteaches,B,C,D,17,类型二：时态1.TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25th_ChristmasDay.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe2.Theteachersaidthattheearth_roundthesun.A.goesB.goC.wentD.willgo3.Ihearthathe_toBeijingyesterday.A.goesB.willgoC.wentD.havegone,A,A,C,18,4.Wedliketotellyouthatyou_theexam.A.havepassedB.hadpassedC.passD.willpass5.“Couldyoutellme_?”“Yes.They_tothelibrary.”A.wherearethetwins,havebeenB.wherewerethetwins,havebeenC.wherethetwinsare,havegoneD.wherethetwinswere,havegone6.Ourfathersaidthathe_anewcomputernextweek.A.willbuyB.haveboughtC.wouldbuyD.buys,A,C,C,19,如果主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，谓语动词是guess，think,believe,suppose,expect等时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.Idontthinkhewillcometohelpus.Ibelieveshecansolvetheproblem,cantshe?,否定前移,20,从句的概念,句子成分（主谓宾定状补）通常都是单词，这样的句子叫简单句。eg：IloveEnglishverymuch.（我非常喜欢英语。）如果句子里用另一个句子做句子成分，那就是一个复杂句，而做成分的句子叫做从句。eg：I