非谓语动词分词(课堂PPT)

1,非谓语动词讲解,NonfiniteVerbs,2,分词：Participles,一分词的概述,1.它有两种形式：现在分词和过去分词。,2.现在分词：doing过去分词：规则动词V+ed不规则动词,3,现在分词与过去分词的区别：,1.语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动,DoyouknowthewomantalkingtoTom?,2.时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成,DevelopingcountryboilingwaterDevelopedcountryboiledwater,4,二、分词的作用,1、作定语,放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置定语。放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置定语。,（1）前置定语,Heisapromisingyoungman.Makelessnoise.Theresasleepingchild.,（2）后置定语,TheyoungmansittingbetweenJohnand,如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。,5,Thebridgebuiltlastmonthneedsrepairing.,上个月建造的那座桥需要修理。,（3）分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。如：,Thosewhowishtojointheclubshouldsignhere,(Thosewishingtojointhisclubshouldsignhere.,),想加入本俱乐部的人在这里签名。,6,（4）过去分词作定语：表示被动和完成，只表完成。如：,thequestiondiscussedyesterday,昨天讨论的问题（既表示被动也表示完成）,thefallenleaves,落下的树叶(只表示完成，不表示被动),2、作表语,分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。如：,Shewastoofrightenedtomove.她被吓得一动不动。Whatyousaidisreallyinspiring.你所说的真令从鼓舞。,7,3、作宾语补足语,可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有see,watch,hear,set,keep,find,have,get等词。,Isawhimwalkinginthestreet.我看见他在街上走。Iheardthemsingingintheclassroom.我听见他们在教室里唱歌。Wefoundtheboysleeping.我们发现小孩睡着了。,8,A）Iheardmybrother(singing,sung)inthenextroomB）Iheardthesong(singing,sung)inEnglish.,现在分词与过去分词在作状语的区别,四、作状语,现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成,1.(Seeing/seen)fromthetopofthetower,wecanseeabeautifulfactory.(Seeing/seen)fromthetopofthetower,thefactorylooksbeautiful.2.(Hearing/heard)thebadnews,theycouldnthelpcrying.3.(Giving/Given)moretime,wecoulddoitbetter.,4.Istoodbythedoor,notdaringtosayaword.,9,Hearingthebadnews,theycouldnthelpcrying.,Whentheyheardthebadnews,10,Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.,Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention,11,Beingsoangry,hecouldntgotosleep.,Becausehewassoangry,12,Theycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.,13,Toservethepeoplewell,Istudyhard.,14,判断下列句子正误：,1.TolearnEnglishwell,alotofpracticemustbedone.2.Seeingfromthehill,thecityismorebeautiful.3.Heating,waterwillboil.4.Gettingthere,thedoorwasfoundopened.,15,将下列状语从句改为非谓语短语作状语：1.Becauseshewasmovedbythehero,shedecidedtostudyharder.,16,2.Whenhefoundthedoorlocked,hewenthome.,17,Hestartedearlyinorderthathecouldgetthereontime.,18,将下列非谓语短语改写为状语从句,1.Notknowingheraddress,Icantwritetoher.2.Enteringtheroom,Isawastrangesight.3,Scoldedbytheteacher,hewasverysad.,19,分词的时态和语态,构成（以study和go为例）,20,被动式：beingdone表示一个现在进行的完成动作。,1.Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourlibrary.2.Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.3.Asweapproachedthevillage,wesawnewhousesbeingputup.,完成式：havingdone所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。,Havingturnedofftheradio,hebegantogooverhislessons.2.Nothavingreceivedhisfathersletter,hedecidedtomakeacalltohim.,21,独立主格结构,独立主格结构有两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。,Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.,Nobodyhavinganymoretosay,themeetingwasclosed.,22,1独立主格结构的形式：,（1）名词/代词+-ing分词及其短语,Themoonappearing,theydecidedtogoonwiththeirjourney.Thepupilsarewalkingslowly,theirteacherfollowing.,（2）名词/代词+-ed分词及其短语,Good-byesaid,wewenthome.Allthingsconsidered,itisagoodplan.,23,2with+复合宾语结构,with后的宾语相当于该结构中的逻辑主语，其后面的词相当于这个结构中的逻辑谓语。翻译时，with原有的含意往往不翻译出来。,（1）with+名词/代词+名词.Hewascarriedintothehospital,withhisfaceamassofbleedingflesh.,24,（6）with+名词/代词+-en分词Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.Hediedwithhislifesworkstillunfinished.,（7）with+名词/代词+不定式Withfiveminutestogobeforethelasttrainleft,wearrivedhere.,25,3.由Therebeing+主语这种结构多表示原因。例如：,Therebeingalotofbookstoread,heoftenstudiedtillmidnight.因为有许多书要读，他经常学习到深夜。,26,1.Themaninsisted_ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.infinding2.Itsnecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview._theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having3.Ireallycantunderstand_herlikethat.A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatD.youtreating4.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldntrisk_thegoodopportunity.A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglost,27,选出下面习题正确答案,1-Imhungry,andIwanttoeatthecake.-What!itisnotgood_A.foreatingB.tobeeatenC.toeatD.ateating2Itsimportant_andhelpful.A.tokindB.bekindC.kindD.tobekind3.IttookAliceandmean