同济——大学英语_Unit_2_Smart_Cars.ppt

SmartCars,ByMichioKaku,Timeallotment,WarmingUpTextExplanationWritingstrategyofResume,WarmingUp,Automobile(美)各种机动车总称Car(英)尤指小轿车(美)小轿车，四轮马车Sedan(美)小轿车，箱式小客车,TypesofAutomobile,Convertible敞篷双门轿跑车SUV-SportUtilityVehicle多功能运动车Off-roadvehicle越野车,TypesofAutomobile,MPV-Multi-PurposeVehicle多功能车Classicalcar老爷车RecreationalVehicle房车ConceptualCar概念车Pick-up皮卡(小卡车),AutomobileBrands,Ferrari法拉利(世界上最闻名的赛车和运动跑车的生产厂家,总部在意大利的摩德纳)Citreoen雪铁龙(法国第三大汽车公司,总部设在法国巴黎)Peugeot标致(财富500强公司之一，总部所在地法国，主要经营汽车)Mitsubishi三菱Honda本田(世界上最大的摩托车生产厂家,汽车产量和规模也名列世界十大汽车厂家之列,AutomobileBrands,Toyota日本丰田汽车Porsche保时捷(德国知名汽车厂商或其出产的轿车品牌名.该公司是世界上最著名的研究、设计和生产运动汽车的厂家)Chevrolet雪佛莱Volkswagen大众(德国著名汽车制造公司或其轿车品牌名)Ford福特汽车公司是世界最大的汽车企业之一。,AutomobileBrands,Buick别克(美国通用汽车公司出产的轿车品牌名)Lamborghini兰博基尼汽车公司是一家坐落于意大利圣亚加塔波隆尼（SantAgataBolognese）的超级跑车制造公司，RollsRoyce劳斯莱斯是世界顶级豪华轿车厂商,AutomobileBrands,BMW-BavarianMotorWorks宝马(世界上以生产豪华汽车、摩托车和高性能发动机闻名的德国汽车公司,名列世界汽车公司前20名)Jaguar捷豹是英国轿车的一种名牌产品Mercedes-Benz奔驰(德国知名汽车厂商或其出产的轿车品牌名.奔驰汽车公司是世界上资格最老的厂家,以生产高质量、高性能的豪华汽车闻名于世Hummer悍马(原意为“蜂鸟”，悍马多数为大型吉普车、房车),Warm-upQuestions,Ifyoucouldaffordacar,wouldyoubuyone?Whichbrandwouldyouliketohave?,AutomobileIndustry,JapanssmartcarsystemByAssociatedPress,December27,2004,TOKYO-Japanhassomeofthemostcongested,confusing,andcrampedstreetsintheworld.Italsoboastssomeofthelatesttechnologyinzappingcomputerizeddatatomillionsofcars,deliveringwhatmaybetheworldssmartestwaytodrive.CarnavigationsystemsinJapancanquicklytelldriverswhichroadshavetrafficjams.UsingacomputerizedFMradiobroadcastsystemthatcollectsandsendsinformationfrommorethan28,000infraredandradio-wavebeaconsinstalledalongroads,theycanalsocalculatehowmanysecondsitwouldtaketodrivethroughvirtuallyeveryblockofthenationscitiesandthenfindthefastestroutes.IntestsbytheNationalInstituteofInformationandCommunicationsTechnology,aJapaneseresearchgroup,carsconnecttoothercarswirelesslytogetinformationaboutatrafficaccidentoranapproachingambulance.Apictureofanambulanceoracrashedcarpopsuponthescreenwhensignalsarereceivedfromothervehicles,andtheinformationisrelayedfromcartocar.,Brainstorming,Whatfunctionsdoyouthinkasmartcarshouldhave?DiscussandlistLetstakealookatanintelligentcarinamovie.,Unit2TextASmartCars,ExcerptedfromVisions:HowScienceWillRevolutionizethe21stCentury,MichioKaku(theauthorofthetext)AninternationallyrecognizedauthorityintheoreticalphysicsandenvironmentAprofessoroftheoreticalPhysicsattheCityCollegeandGraduateCenterofCityUniversityinNewYork,SmartCarsTextOrganization,PartOne(Paras1-3)PartTwo(Paras4-9)PartThree(Paras10-13),PartOne,Paragraph2LanguagePoints,Lucrative(L4):fitablelucrativebusiness/market/contract/jobThelobbiesofBaghdadsfive-starhotelsarepackedwithbusinessmenfightingoverlucrativecontracts.ThereisstillanillegalbutlucrativetradeinivorybetweenAfricaandSouth-EastAsia.,PartOne,Paragraph2LanguagePoints,presently(L5):adv.especiallyAmericanEnglishatthepresenttime,(syn.-now);inashorttime,(syn-soon)Thisisarelativelycleansourceofenergycomparedtopresentlyavailablenuclearpower.Teawillbeservedpresently.,PartOne,Paragraph2LanguagePoints,Manufacture(L7):v.1)makegoodsonalargescaleusingmachineryThecarwasdesigned,developed,andmanufacturedincollaborationwithHonda.2)n.DuringWorldWarII,steelsupplieswereusedinthemanufactureofweapons.Thiscountryimportsmanyforeignmanufactures.(pl)制造品，产品Cf-manufacturer制造商,PartOne,Paragraph3BackgroundInformation,ITS(L13):Intelligenttransportationsystems;encompassabroadrangeofwirelessandwirelinecommunications-basedinformation,controlandelectronicstechnologies.FunctionsofITS:HelpmonitorandmanagetrafficflowReducecongestionProvidealternateroutestotravelersEnhanceproductivitySavelives,timeandmoney.ExamplesofIntelligenttransportationssystemsinclude:AdvancedTravelerInformationSystemsAdvancedTrafficManagementSystemsIncidentManagementSystems,PartOne,Paragraph2Exercise,L4:Theautomobileindustryranksasamongthemostlucrativeandpowerfulindustries=rankasoneofRankas/amongTodaysmatchranksasoneofthemostexcitinggamesthatthesetwohaveeverplayed.Werankamongthesafestcountriesintheworld.DoubleprepositionExP52,PartOneQuestion,1.Howimportantwastheautomobileindustryinthetwentiethcentury?2.Whatwillhappentocarsandroadsinthetwenty-firstcentury?MainideaofPartOne:Newtechnologywillhaveadramaticimpactoncarsandhighwaysinthe21stcentury.,PartTwo,Paragraph4LanguagePoints,eliminate(L19):v.tocompletelygetridofsth.thatisunnecessaryorunwanted;todefeatateamorpersoninacompetition淘汰sth:eliminateaneed/possibility/risk/problemThecreditcardeliminatestheneedforcashorchecks.eliminatesth/sbfromsthTheirteamwaseliminatedfromtheWorldCupinthefirstround.Cf-Selectthesuperiorandeliminatetheinferior(survivalofthefittest)优胜劣汰,PartTwo,Paragraph4LanguagePoints,vapor(L21):n.Theair(L21):intheearthsatmosphere;ifafeelingisintheair,alotofpeoplefeelitatthesametimeOrbe(up)intheair:uncertain,notyetdecidedThereisastrongsmellofburningintheairbeforetheeruptionofthevolcano.Therewasasenseofexcitementintheair.Ourtripisstillverymuch(up)intheair.Cf-beon/off(the)air广播/停播putonairs摆架子airsandgraces装腔作势,PartTwo,Paragraph4LanguagePoints,startup(L21):ifanengine,caretcstartsup,oryoustartitup,itbeginsworking;发动ifyoustartupabusiness,companyetc,oritstartsup,itbeginstoexist;创办ifasound,activity,oreventstartsup,itbeginstoexistorhappen;发生Taxbreakshelpnewcompaniesstartup.Theanti-virusiconshouldappearwheneveryoustartupyourcomputer.,PartTwo,Paragraph4LanguagePoints,alert(L22)v.alertsb;alertsbtosthOnefiremanalertedtheresidentsandhelpedthemtosafety.CampaignshavebeencarriedouttoalertthepublictothedangersofHIV.adj.bealerttosth.Theauthoritiesshouldhavebeenalerttothepossibilityofinvasion.n.beonthealertforsth./sb.Beonthealertforanyoneactingsuspiciously.onfullalert/onhighalert(=completelyreadytodealwithadangeroussituation),PartTwo,Paragraph4BackgroundInformation,Thelatest“personalpolice”systemthatpreventsdrunkdriving,PartTwo,Paragraph5BackgroundInformation,Blindspot(L27):1)thepartofroadthatadrivercannotseefromtherear-viewmirror2)sththatyouareunableorunwillingtounderstandIhaveablindspotwherecomputersareconcerned.,PartTwo,Paragraph6Languagepoints,prototype(L29):n.thefirstmodelordesignofsth.fromwhichotherformsarecopiedordeveloped原型Bellutteredtohisassistantthewords,“Mr.Watson,comehere;Iwantyou,”usingaprototypetelephone.,PartTwo,Paragraph6Languagepoints,monotonous(L31):adj.boringbecauseofalwaysbeingthesameRobotsareusedinrepetitive,monotonoustasksinwhichhumanperformancemightdegradeovertime.Theexplorerslivedonmonotonousdietofriceandvegetables.,PartTwo,Paragraph6Languagepoints,grossly(L32):adj.extremelyMedicalrecordswerefoundtobegrosslyinadequate.Cf-grossadj.1)总的，毛的Grossprofit/weightGDPGNP2)clearlywrongandunacceptablesoldiersaccusedofgrossviolationsofhumanrights,PartTwo,Paragraph6Languagepoints,hazard(L33):adj.adangerorriskHazardto/forsth.Pollutedwatersourcesareahazardtowildlife.health/safetyhazard-Theleadinoldpaintsisarealhealthhazard.Cf.-hazardousadj.behazardoustohealth,PartTwo,Paragraph6Languagepoints,trainsthon/atsb/sth.(L34):aimsthsuchasagunorcameraatsborsthShetrainedherbinocularsonthebird.Trainonesgunontheenemy,PartTwo,Paragraph7Languagepoints,Get/bestuckinsth.(L38):impossibleorunabletomove;informalunabletoescapefromabadorboringsituationGettingstuckinthetrafficfortwohours,JohnwaslateforhisfirstdatewithAnnie.Mumresentedbeingstuckathomewithtwoyoungkids.,PartTwo,Paragraph7CulturalNotes,Navstar-24navigationsatellites,GPS-GlobalPositioningSystem,PartTwo,Paragraph7Exercise,Theymakeitpossible(L43):reviewthesentencestructurev+it+adj.+todosth.“it”:usedasobjectofaverbwhentherealobjectislaterinthesentenceP52structureexercise,PartTwo,Paragraph7Languagepoints,vibrate(L46):v.(causesthto)moverapidlyandcontinuouslybackwardsandforwards;shakeThefloorwasvibratingtothebeatofthemusic.Microwaveovensoperatebyagitatingthewatermoleculesinthefood,causingthemtovibrate,whichproduceheat.Cf-n.vibration,PartTwo,Paragraph8and9Languagepoints,convert(L52):v.tochangesthintoadifferentformofthing,ortochangesthsothatitcanbeusedforadifferentpurposeorinadifferentwayCo/tosthStockscanbeeasilyconvertedtocash.Solarcookingrequiresadarkpottoabsorbthesunsraysandconvertthemintoheatenergy.Cf-adj.convertibleaconvertiblecurrencyaconvertiblesofa,PartTwo,Paragraph9Backgroundinformation,JapanssmartcarsystemAssociatedPressDecember27,2004,OurCountryV-typeSmartCarbyQinghuaUniversity,PartTwo,Paragraph8and9Languagepoints,Correlate(L54):v.haveamutualrelationshiporconnection,inwhichonethingaffectsordependsonanotherCorrelate(strongly/significantly/closely)with/tosthPovertyandpoorhousingcorrelatewithashorterlifeexpectancy.Obesitycorrelatescloselywithincreasedriskofstroke.Cf-n.correlationThereisadirectcorrelationbetweenthebest-knownbrandsandthebest-sellingbrands.,PartTwoTextOrganization,FunctionsbroughtbyAdvancedtechnology,eliminatetrafficaccidents,warnoftrafficjams,determinecarspreciselocations,Paras4-6,drunkelectronicsensorsdrivingwarningradarssleepydrivingmonitoringcamera,Paras7,Paras8-9,timetakenforsignalfromsatellitetoarriverotationsinthesteeringwheelandpositiononmap,sensorsincarstunedtoradiosignalsfromNavstarfortrafficjams,Mainideaofparttwo,PartThree,Paragraph10Languagepoints,drastically(L56):adv.Drasticadj:extremeandsudden,havingastrongorviolenteffectThesizeofthegovernmentwasdrasticallycut.(大幅削减)Drasticchangesareneededifenvironmentalcatastropheistobeavoided.(彻底改变)NATOthreateneddrasticactionifitstermswerenotmet.(严厉措施),PartThree,Paragraph10Languagepoints,Bepoisedto(L57):bereadytotakeactionatanymomentTheautomobilecompanyispoisedtolaunchitsnewadvertisingcampaign.Thecompanyseemspoisedforsuccess.Theeconomyispoisedontheedge/brinkofcollapse.,PartThree,Paragraph10Languagepoints,explode(L58):v.1)tosuddenlyincreasegreatlyinnumber,amount,ordegreesyn.-rocketFloridaspopulationexplodedafterWorldWarII.2)tosuddenlyexpressstrongfeelingssuchasangerHetoldajokewhichmadeHankexplodewithlaughter.,PartThree,Paragraph11Exercise,“telematics”(L62):abbreviationExerciseP49WordFormation,Abbreviation,PartThree,Paragraph11CulturalNotes,Highway(L63):公路，国道Expressway高速公路Underground/subwayLightrail(elevatedrailway)Inner-ringroadOuter-ringroadElevatedroad;viaduct高架Over-pass天桥Mag-levtrain:Magneticallylevitatedtrain,PartThree,Paragraph11LanguagePoints,mount(L65):v.1)tofix(sth.)inpositionforuse,displayorstudyTheshipmountseightcannons.2)goupstairsAcarsuddenlymountedthepavementtoavoidavehiclecomingintheoppositedirection.3)toplan,organize,andbeginaneventoracourseofactionGuerrillashavemountedanattackonthecapital.4)toincreasegraduallyinamountordegreeCasualtiesonbothsidesofthebattlehavecontinuedtomount.,PartThree,Paragraph12LanguagePoints,magnetic(L70):v.havingthepropertiesofamagnetmagneticforcemagneticfieldmagneticpersonality/charm(qualitiesthatmakeotherpeoplefeelstronglyattractedtoyou)有魅力的，有吸引力的Tobeasuccessfulbusinessmanyoumustbeenthusiasticandmagnetic.,PartThree,Paragraph12LanguagePoints,bunch(L71):v.grouptogether(bothactiveandpassive)bunchtogether,bunchupTheybunchedtogethertoallowotherstosqueezeintothecrowdedelevator.cf-n.束，串，群abunchofflowers/keys/grapesabunchofpeople=agroupofpeople,PartThree,Paragraph13LanguagePoints,incorporate(L75):v.toincludesthaspartofagroup,system,o/insth.Weveincorporatedmanyenvironmentally-friendlyfeaturesintothedesignofthebuilding.Theylaiddownahealthclubincorporatingagym,saun