高考情态动词考点(课堂PPT)

1,ModalVerb,2,情态动词的语法特征,1.情态动词不能单独做谓语。,2.情态动词没有人称，时态和数的变化，但有些情态动词，如can,may,will,dare也有一般式和过去式的变化。,3,Mv情态动词的个数（15）（4组）can/could,may/might,shall/should,will/would（4对）haveto,hadbetter,oughtto,usedto（3个）must,need,dare,443,4,考点一：情态动词的基本用法,（一）can/could1.表能够做某事（具备某种能力）；could主要指过去能够Twoeyescanseemorethanone.Couldthegirlreadbeforeshewenttoschool?2.表许可；用于疑问句中表请求（could表示的语气更加委婉）；用于否定句中表不允许。CanIhavealookatyournewpen?Youcantwearjeansatwork.,5,3.表可能性或推断，多用于否定或疑问句中；若用于肯定句中表常有的行为和情形，意为“有时会；时而可能”ThatcantbeMary-shesinNewYork.(用于否定句中表某事肯定不真实。)Hecanbestubbornsometimes.Itcanbecoldhereinwinter.4.表疑惑或惊讶等情绪；意为“究竟能；难道会；到底是”Whatcantheybedoing?他们究竟在干些什么？Wherecanshehaveputit?她到底把它放哪了？,6,（二）must,1.must用于肯定句中表说话人的意志或义务；或坚决要求某人做某事；否定mustnt表禁止Imustgotothebankandgetsomemoney.Carsmustntparkinfrontoftheentrance.2.在以must开头的疑问句中，肯定回答用must;否定回答用neednt或donthavetoMustwehandinourexercisebooksnow?Yes,youmust./No,youneednt./No,youdonthaveto.,7,3.表示可能性或肯定的推断。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。Hemustbeill.Helookssopale.Sheswearingadiamondnecklace.Shemusthavealotofmoney.4.表说话人生气或不满的情绪，意为“偏要；非得”-Mustyouinterruptnow?CantyouseeImonthephone?-Sorry,sir,butitsurgent.5.用于短语ifyoumust(dosth)，表虽然不赞同但可允许，意为“如果你一定要的的话”-CanIsmokehere?-Ifyoumust.,8,（三）will/would,1.表意愿，用于各种人称的陈述句Iwilldoanythingforyou.Theywontlendusanymoremoney.2.表请求允许，用于疑问句Willyousendthisletterforme,please?Wouldyoumindleavingmealoneforafewminutes?3.表习惯Shewilllistentomusic,aloneinherroom,forhours.Hewouldspendhoursonthetelephone.4.主语为物时，多用于否定句中，意为“不起作用”Thedoorwontopen.,9,（四）may/might,1.表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。Youmaytakewhateveryoulike.May(Might)Iaskforaphotoofyourbaby?2.表可能（事实上）。might可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。Hemaybeathome,butImnotsure.Shemay/mightnotknowaboutit.3.may还可表祝愿Mayyousucceed!,10,（五）shall,1.shall用于二、三人称的陈述句，表“命令、威胁、警告、强制、允诺、决心”等YoushalldoasIday.(命令)Youshallhavemyanswertomorrow.(允诺)Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingouttheplan.(决心)2.shall用于一、三人称的疑问句，表征询意见或请求允许,多与I或we连用Whatshallwedothisweekend?3.shall常用于主语是第三人称的条约、法律法规、规章制度等文件中表“义务”或“规定”Oneofourrulesisthateverystudentshallwearschooluniformwhileatschool.,11,（六）should,1.表义务,意为“应该”（某件事宜做），用于各种人称。Youshouldbepolitetoyourteachers.Youshouldntwasteanytime.2.表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。Thefilmshouldbeverygoodasitisstarringfirst-classactors.Theyshouldbehomebynow.3（表示不确定）万一。IfIshouldseehim,Illtellhim.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbepostponed.,12,4.should可以用来表示意外；常意为“竟然；居然”Ifinditastonishingthatheshouldbesorudetoyou.(七)oughtto表义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重。Youarehisfather.Yououghttotakecareofhim.Yououghtnttosmokesomuch.,13,（八）usedtohadbetterhaveto,1.usedto表示过去的习惯动作或状态（现已不复存在）Hetoldusheusedtoplayfootballwhenhewasyoung.疑问句:Didyouusetogothere?/Usedyoutogothere?否定句:Ididntusetogothere./Iusednttogothere.反意疑问句或简略回答:Sheusedtobeveryfat,didntshe?/usedntshe?-Didyouusetoplaychess?-Yes,Idid.-Usedyoutogetupearlyinthemorning?-Yes,Idid./Yes,Iusedto.,14,双性动词need,dare,dared,1.need可以作实义动词或情态动词。eg:Weneedtofinishthejobbeforedark.Youneednthurryastheresplentytimeleft.2.dare,dared可以作实义动词或情态动词。eg:Hedaredtotravelabroadwhenhewasyoung.Howdareyouletyourlittlechildgooutalone?如何分辨是实意动词或情态动词？有没有加s；有没有加助动词；有没有加to；有没有在句首；有没有加not；,15,考点二：表推测的情态动词,1.对现在或客观事实的肯定的推测Must：肯定；准是；想必是Should：很可能；应该。指按常理推测May/might：也许；大概；表示把握不大的推测Can/could：用于疑问句表怀疑-WhatareyoudoingthisSaturday?-Imnotsure,butImight/maygotothecinema.-Goodmorning.IvegotanappointmentwithMissSmithinthePersonnelDepartment.-Ah,goodmorning.You_beMrs.PetersA.mightB.mustC.wouldD.can,16,2.对现在情况或客观事实的否定推测,cant：不可能；推测的语气相当有把握couldnt：也可表不可能；语气较委婉may(might)not:可能不；也许不，表推测的语气不是很有把握Itcantbethepostmanatthedoor.Itsonlyfiveoclock.,17,3.对过去情况的推测,musthavedone:过去一定做过某事canthavedone/couldnthavedone:过去不可能做某事can/couldhavedone:过去可能做过某事may/might(not)havedone:过去可能（没）做过某事Sincenobodygavehimanyhelp,he_havedonetheresearchonhisown.A.canB.mustC.wouldD.needWhyareyoureyessored?You_havesleptwelllastnight.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.wont,18,三情态动词+havedone的其他用法,should/oughttohavedone表过去本该做却没有做shouldnt/oughtnottohavedone表过去本不该做却做了couldhavedone表本可以/本可能做某事却没做mighthavedone表本可能但实际没有发生的事neednthavedone表本来不需要做却做了,19,Hetaughtu