社会医学课件社会因素与健康

SocialFactorsofHealth,DuYapingduyp130828397282012.04.24,Figure3-1CategoryofSocialfactors,ThecharacteristicsofSocialfactorsaffectingthehealth,Becauseofthewidespreadexistenceofsocialfactorsandthediversityofthecausallink(Figure3-2),itisoftenintroubleinanalyzingthehealtheffectsofsocialfactors.Therelationshipbetweensocialfactorsandhealth,althoughnotasstraightforwardasthebiologicalfactors,itstillhasitsownregularity.,Threekindsofcausalconnection,Figure3-2,Non-specific(impact/influence/effect/affect/infect),Modernsocietyismulti-societymulti-factor,multi-metric,multi-level,multi-disciplinary,multi-dimensionalsociety.Differentfrombiologicalfactors,effectofsocialfactorsonthehealthisofnon-specificAsasocialphenomenon,thediseaseisdeterminedbyavarietyoffactors,itisdifficulttofullyexplaintheetiologyofadiseaseinasingle,specificsocialfactor.,Pan-impact,onesocialfactormayresultinthefunctionalchangesofmultiplebodyorgansandsystems.Althoughthedisease-causingeffectsorhealth-promotingeffectsofsomesocialfactorshaveamorespecifictargetorganorsystem,theirspecificityarerelative,Thereasonforthenon-specificandpan-impactofsocialfactors,Theimpactofanumberofsocialfactorshaveobviousoverlap,thatis,theroleofconvergenceBut,inareallife,peoplecontactwiththediversityofsocialfactors,eachofthesocialfactorsshowsnon-specificeffectDuetodifferencesingeneticandacquiredgrowth,everyindividualhasdifferenttolerancewiththesametypeandintensityofstimulation,sothattheroleofsocialfactorsandhealtheffectsofdiseasespecificityisnotobviousAsasourceofstress,socialfactorsmainlyplayaslowrolethroughthegradualaccumulation,whichmakestheofstimulationlackofspecificityhavereflectedthepanimpact.,Constancyoftheimpact,Socialfactorsarealwaysarelativelystable,itsimpactonhealthisinvisible,slowandpersistent.Becauseofthewidespreadofsocialfactorsinpeoplesreallife,combinedwithastrongsocialattributesofhuman,socialfactorshavealong-lastingeffectonhumanbeings.Suchwidespreadandpersistentarecalledtheconstancyoftheimpact.,Cumulativeeffect,referstosocialfactorsactingonthehumanbodyinacertainperiodandcanformacumulativeresponse,functiondamageorhealtheffectstoaccumulate,Interaction,Theeffectsofavarietyofsocialfactorsonhealtharenotparallel,butbemutuallyconditionedTheimpactofsocialfactorsonhumanhealthoftengenerateeffectsbasedontheinteractionThismainlydeterminedbythediversityofitscausalrelationshipInteractionsareoftenmanifestedasonesocialfactorcandirectlyaffectpopulationhealth,butcanalsobeusedasanintermediaryofothersocialfactors,orotherintermediaryroleofsocialfactorsonhealth.,Mechanismofsocialfactorsinfluencehealth,Affectinghumanhealth,SocialfactorsplayaroleprimarilythroughthepsychologicalexperiencethecentrallinkThemechanismofSocialfactorsaffectingthehealthistheperceptionofsocialfactorswereincorporatedintothesystem,throughthecentralnervoussystemregulationandcontrol,formapsychologicalrefraction,resultinginpsychologicalreactionsandbehavior,socialadaptationandchangeinphysicalfunction,Population,Psychological,Civilization,Environment,Trait,Development,Respone,SocialFactors,PerceptionSystem,Brain,Otherbrainareas,Pituitary,Hormone,Immune,Physicaldisease,Changesinbehaviorandemotionalandmentalproblems,Hypothalamic,Stimulu,Evaluation,Socioeconomicfactorsandhealth,Therearetwo-wayfunctionsbetweenhealthandsocioeconomicdevelopment.,GDP,Grossdomesticproduct(GDP)referstothemarketvalueofallofficiallyrecognizedfinalgoodsandservicesproducedwithinacountryinagivenperiod.GDPpercapitaisoftenconsideredanindicatorofacountrysstandardofliving;,三类经济发展水平国家的居民健康水平,部分国家居民健康指标与经济水平的关系,Economicdevelopmentbringsinthenegativeeffect,ContaminationanddestroyofcircumstanceHarmfulbehaviorallifestyleSmoking,excessivedrinking,drugaddicts,sexualrandom,irregularfood,drinkandsleepingThesocialnegativeeventsTrafficjam,trafficaccident,violentcrimeM