六年级英语 主动形式表被动含义素材

主动形式表被动含义被动语态是中学阶段必须掌握的语法项目，每年的高考试题都涉及这方面的知识。被动语态常由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。但是英语中有些动词可用主动形式表示被动含义，下面就这种情况作一小结：1有些连系动词，如smell, taste, sound, prove, feel, seem, appear 等，常接形容词作表语，以主动形式表被动含义。如：The flowers smell sweet. 这种花闻起来很香。The fish tastes good. 这鱼味道很好。What he said sounded reasonable. 他的话听上去言之有理。 Do you like the material? 你喜欢这料子吗？ Yes, it feels very soft. 喜欢，它摸上去很柔软。2一些与cant, wont等连用的动词，如move, lock, shut, open等，其主动形式表示被动含义。如：It cant move. 它不能动弹。The door wont shut. 这门关不上。3一些可和 well, easily等副词连用的动词，如 read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, look, photograph, sell等，其主动形式表示被动含义。如：The cloth washes well. 这布料很好洗。The poem reads smoothly. 这首诗读起来很流畅。Books of this kind sell well. 这种书很畅销。4一些用于“主语+谓语+主语补足语”结构中的动词，如blow, wear 等，其主动形式表示被动含义。如：The door blew open. 门被吹开了。The material has worn thin. 这种布料已穿薄了。5某些动词的进行时具有被动含义。如：The meat is cooking. 正在炖肉。The cake is baking. 正在烤蛋糕。The book is printing. 正在印书。6动词不定式作定语时，如果与被修饰语呈动宾关系，且与句子的主语呈主谓关系时，则用主动形式表示被动含义。如：I have lots of work to do this week. 本周我有许多事要做。Have you got anything to say at the meeting? 会上你有什么要说的吗？7动词不定式用在某些形容词之后作状语，并与句子的主语呈动宾关系时，则用主动形式表示被动含义。如：This question is difficult to answer. 这问题难回答。The problem is easy to work out. 这道题容易做。English is hard to learn. 英语难学。8动词need, want, require 表示“需要”时，后面常接动词的ing形式表示被动含义（此结构相当于不定式的被动结构）。这种情况下，句子的主语在逻辑上应是动词的ing形式的宾语。如：The house needs repairing. (= The house needs to be repaired.)这房子需要修理一下。The room wants cleaning. (= The room wants to be cleaned.)这房间需要打扫。9在be worth doing结构中，主动形式表示被动含义。如：The Great Wall is well worth seeing. 长城很值得一看。 What do you think of the book? 你认为这本书怎样? Oh, excellent. Its worth reading a second time. 好极了，值得再读一遍。10在其他一些短语中，主动形式也可表被动含义。如：Am I to blame? 我该受责备吗？The house is to let. 房子要出租。巩固练习：从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. As time went on, his theory _ to be true.A. proved B. is proved C. is to prove D. was proved2. Would you like to go to Shanghai? Yes. In the last ten years, great changes _ in Shanghai.A. has taken place B. have happenedC. have taken place D. have been taken place3. This kind of cloth _ well and _ long.A. is washed; lasts B. washes; lastsC. washes; is lasted D. is washed; is lasted4. Which of his books do you think _ best among the bestsellers?A. sells B. is sold C. are written D. write5. The girl is easy _ along with.A. to be got B. get C. to get D. getting6. The question asked by him is hard _.A. to be answered B. to answer C. to be answering D. for answering 7. The story was not interesting enough _.A. to be publishing B. to publish C. publish D. published8. What do you expect me to do? The house needs _.A. painting B. to paint C. being painted D. be painted9. There are six letters for me _.A. write B. to be writ