中考复习----完形填空

中小学1对1课外辅导专家龙文教育学科教学案 教师:蒋九霞 学生: 陆彬彬日期: 2013- 星期: 时段: 课 题中考复习完形填空学习目标与考点分析 学习重点 难点 学习方法由典型例题入手，逐渐深入，边讲边练；教学过程完形填空属于中等和偏难的题，做题时要稳定情绪，尽力而为1、 注重首尾句2、 克服畏难，急躁情绪，耐心通读全文3、 切勿看到一个空格就急着选答案，必须纵观全文进行考虑4、 动笔时先易后难，注意从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找答案，必要时大胆的做出猜测一、完形填空的特点是什么？完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题，难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。学生通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。（一）从文章结构看1. 首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。2. 短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。（二）从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次1. 句子层次的设空指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。例：(2007年中考英语试卷 完形填空四选一 保留原题号)I 90 you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a success.A. remember B. explainC. hope D. expect2. 句群层次的设空指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目前制性设空即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。后制性设空指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案 的题目/下文某处有提示。前制性设空例：It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school! A. write B. speak C. sing D. dance后制性设空例：1). Nobody _ him in the village. One day he said to them, “I know you dont like me ” A. believed B. liked C. hated D. knew 2). Country music comes from _ kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West. A. many B. all C. two D. three3. 语篇性设空 指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to 1 him achieved all Id expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He will be a man. (最后一句话)( ) 1. A. comfort B. please C. attract D. educate三、 真题演练 Sometimes you may not understand your parents. One minute theyre friendly, the next minute theyre shouting and screaming loudlyenough for the whole street to hear. So who makes them so 85 ? You, probably! When you take your clothes off, remember to 86 . Get into the habit of taking glasses and plates down to the kitchen. Before long youll be doing it without thinking. Even though you may not realize it, your parents have bought you many clothes. But theyre not buying themselves new things every week, are they? The simple truth is that there are more 87 things to spend money on, like the electricity bill and food. You may hate missing a party to visit some boring old relatives. They may go on and on about what a sweet baby you were. You have no choice but to listen. Even if you 88 , your parents wont change their minds. Parents like to show off their family. The best thing you can do is to help entertain your relatives. Your parents will be so pleased with you afterwards that theyll probably allow you to go to the next two 89 . You might not want to eat, but think of it from the parents point of view. If you cook two meals a day, it means 730 meals a year. Can you imagine how boring this can get? Imagine how your parents feel when you say youre not really hungry. 90 , your parents are probably worried that you arent eating enough. Eat fewer snacks and leave room for your meals. Finally, offer to 91 after the meal. Your offer may not be accepted, but your parents will be pleased.( ) 85. A. friendly B. lonely C. changeable D. comfortable( ) 86. A. hang them up B. leave them alone C. put them on D. throw them away( ) 87. A. interesting B. difficult C. important D. surprising( ) 88. A. agree B. complain C. listen D. win( ) 89. A. concertsB. meetingsC. classes D. parties( ) 90. A. In additionB. In return C. At most D. At last( ) 91. A. do the cooking B. lay the table C. buy some snacks D. wash the dishes 解析：85. （前制性设空）文章第一段提出，父母的态度往往会令你感到诧异，他们有时是那么友好，忽然间又会生气地大声嚷嚷，由此可以看出，他们的态度是那么地易变changeable。所以，本题答案为C。86. （句子层次的设空）青少年应该培养良好的生活习惯。例如，在家脱衣后应该及时挂上。B项leave them alone 表示“让它们独自留下”；C项put them up 表示“把他们穿上”；D项throw them away表示“把它们扔掉”，以上答案显然均不符合文章意思，而A项hang them up 正是“把衣服挂上”的意思，所以答案为A。87. （后制性设空）家长会给孩子买许多衣服，但他们不会经常为自己购物，那是因为他们要考虑维持家庭生计，他们往往把钱花在更重要的事情上，所以答案为C。88. （前制性设空）你有时会去拜访那些无聊又年长的亲戚，他们会一遍又一遍地唠叨你小时候的乖巧可爱，而你只能洗耳恭听（They may go on and on about what a sweet baby you were. You have no choice but to listen.）显然，你会对此而抱怨，但家长们仍不以为然（ your parents wont change their minds.），所以本题答案为B。 解析：89. （前制性设空） 如果能帮助招待好你的亲戚，你的家长会感到十分满意，也会允许你出席以后的更多的这种聚会。选项A、B、C与聚会无关，应予淘汰。所以，本题答案为D。90. （语篇性设空）每日吃饭时，应该想到家长的艰辛。当你说你并不饿时，家长不但会有内心的不快，另外会担心你吃得过少而影响身体（Imagine how your parents feel when you say youre not really hungry. , your parents are probably worried that you arent eating enough.）。根据文章内容，空格处应填入“除此之外”的意思，所以本题答案为A。91. （前制性设空）文章结尾告诫我们要少吃零食，要留出吃饭的空间（Eat fewer snacks and leave room for your meals.）。饭后也要提出帮助父母做些事情，尽管有时不会得到他们的许可。从四个选项中，我们可以看到D项符合饭后可做的事，A项do the cooking 表示“煮饭”，B项lay the table表示“摆餐具、饭桌”均发生在饭前，C项buy some snacks与上文“少吃零食”的论述矛盾，所以答案为D。四、 解题技巧点拨（一）细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意（二）理解词义，瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破(三) 复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案，坚定信心实战演练 When I was fifteen I went to a summer camp. There were lots of great 90 but there was one thing I was really scared (害怕)about: climbing the wall. The wall is a kind of rock that people use to learn how to climb. It is very tall. We were all supposed to climb the wall, but I knew I couldnt get to the top because I am 91 heights. I was ashamed and I didnt want anyone to know that I was scared. I thought they would all laugh at me. I practiced my excuse: “Im not scared, you know, I suffer from vertigo (患眩晕症).” The day came. It was time to climb the wall. The sun was shining but everyone was very quiet that morning. I took photographs at the bottom of the wall and tried to 92 . Everyone in the group went up. Then the moment came. It was my turn. I was so scared that all I could think about was my excuse. Someone said, “Shall I take your camera?” and I answered, “Im not scared, you know. I suffer from vertigo”. The 93 was that I was more than scared, I was terrified (吓坏了). The camp leader said, “Dont worry, you dont have to do anything you dont want to do.” I was surprised. Everyone was understanding. No one 94 . The next day, the leader asked me if I wanted to try the wall on my own, 95 the others watching. Although I was still very nervous I agreed and climbed slowly to the top with his help. I was still shaking when I came 96, but I was really happy and relieved too. For me, climbing the wall was a real achievement. ( )90. A. activitiesB. operationsC. accidentsD. exams( ) 91. A. poor atB. good atC. afraid ofD. fond of( ) 92. A. go B. hideC. appearD. run( ) 93. A. truthB. situationC. storyD. reason( ) 94. A. jumpedB. cheeredC. smiledD. laughed( ) 95. A. with B. withoutC. amongD. behind( ) 96. A. inB. outC. upD. down 解析：90. 阅读文章可知，作者15岁时去参加夏令营，参加了许多很棒的活动，但是有一件事令他很害怕，那就是攀岩，所以答案为A。91. 那墙是人们用来学习攀岩的，但作者知道他爬不到顶部因为他有恐高症（We were all supposed to climb the wall, but I knew I couldnt get to the top because I am heights），所以答案为C。92. 尽管怕，活动的日子还是到了。作者在墙脚下拍了照片后试图躲藏起来，所以答案为B。93. 但是还是轮到作者攀岩了，他极其害怕，但他对同伴们说自己并不害怕，这是因为患有眩晕症的缘故，事实上他内心简直是吓坏了（ and I answered, “Im not scared, you know. I suffer from vertigo.” The was that