主语从句整理及其他试题

从句是相对于主句而言的，即它是从属于某一个主句，而不能单独作一个句子。在英语中，主要有三大从句，即1. 名词性从句(包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句)；2. 定语从句；3. 状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。主语从句1定义：主语从句是指在复合句中做主句主语的从句。2. 构成：关联词+简单句3表现形式：A由从属连词（that，whether，if）引导e.g. That the plates are moving is beyond dispute. 板块在运动，这是无可置疑的。提问：The plates are moving is beyond dispute. 这样表达对吗？e.g. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to that theory. 这种理论的核心是，我们的环境同我们的才能，性格特征和行为即使有什么关系的话，也是微不足道的。e.g. Whether she will come or not is still a question . 她是否来仍然是个疑问。e.g. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon the user. 结果究竟是有价值的，还是无意义的，甚至是误导的，这在部分程度上取决于工具本身，但在很大程度上取决于使用者。特别提示：当whether 引导的主语从句位于句首时，不能有if 代替；当whether引导主语从句位于句尾时，whether可以有if 代替，但if 通常不能与or not 搭配。B. 由连接代词（who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever）引导e.g. Who will go to the energy conference is not important. 谁将去参加能源会议并不重要。(疑问分句作主语)e.g. What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world. 他想看到的是世界上一切军队的消亡。e.g. Whereveryouareismyhomemyonlyhome. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家我唯一的家。注意连接代词whoever，whatever，whichever等引导主语从句的含义：e.g. Whoever comes will be welcome.（whoever=he person who）来的人将受到欢迎。e.g. Whatever he did was right.（whatever=the thing that）他所做的事情是正确的。 e.g. Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize.（whichever=anyone of you who）你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖。C由连接副词（where，when，how，why）引导e.g. How he manages to finish the job is of interest to us all. 他如何设法完成这项工作的，我们对此都很感兴趣。e.g. Why he failed the English exam wasnt clear. 还不清楚他为什么没有通过英语考试。e.g. When they will leave for Beijing is not yet decided. 他们什么时候动身去北京还未确定。D用it 作形式主语由于主语从句位于句首会使句子显得头重脚轻，一次常把它移到句子的后部，句首用引导词it 来做形式主语。以it作形式主语的常用句型有：1). It+be+形容词（obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.）+that从句。如：e.g. Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。e.g. Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。2). It+be+名词词组（nowonder，anhonor，agoodthing，apity，nosurprise，etc.）+that从句。如：e.g. Itsapitythatwecantgo. 很遗憾我们不能去。e.g. Itsnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。3). It+be+过去分词（said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.）+that从句。如：e.g. ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。e.g. ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madeearthsatelliteintoorbit. 据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。4). It+seems(ed), happens(ed)等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如：e.g. ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。e.g. IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday. 碰巧我那天外出了。5). It+doesntmatter（makesnodifference，etc.）+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如： e.g.Itdoesntmatterwhethershewillcomeornot. 她是否来这无关紧要。e.g. Itmakesnodifferencewhereweshallhavethemeeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无区别。6).当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：e.g. Isittruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek？下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗？e.g. Doesitmattermuchthattheywillnotcometomorrow？他们明天不来很要紧吗？7).当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：e.g. Howstrangeitisthatthechildrenaresoquiet！孩子们这么安静真奇怪！主语从句翻译题目例：(我们是否能按时完成工作) Whether we can finish the work on time remains unknown.1(谁将去接他)_isnotdecided.2(哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛)_isnotclearsofar.3(他能否买到飞机票)_doesntmattermuch.4(我们如何去那里)_isaquestion.5(你刚才告诉我的)_wasreallyasurprise.6(他什么时候出国)_isbeingdiscussed.7(他为什么哭)_isnotclear.8Itisclear_(他是一个乞丐).9(你要请谁)_isnotimportant.10(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛)_isnotclear.1. _ as much as one-fifth of all timber(木材, 木料) harvested is not used.A. The estimate(估计, 判断) B. They estimate C. They are estimated D. It is estimated that2. _ was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. A. That B. Which C. Who D. What 3. _ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents. A. Whoever B. Whatever C. However D. That 4. _ you say now cant make up for what youve done. A. No matter B. Whatever C. However D. That5. Although _ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world. A. which B. what C. how D. it6. _ she had forgotten to take her notebook. A. That occurred to her B. She occurred that C. To her that occurred D. It occurred to her that7. I am sure that _ she said is wrong. A. which B. all C. this D. what8. We lost our way in the forest, and _ made matters worse was that it was getting dark. A. that B. which C. it D. what9. _ occurred to him that he had forgotten to lock the door when he left home. A. This B. It C. That D. These10. _ or not is still uncertain. A. Hes coming B. If he is coming C. That coming D. Whether hes coming11. Its _ hell be able to come. A. doubt whether B. doubtful C. doubt it D. doubtful whether 12. It is _ that the bridge has existed for more than three centuries . A. appeared B. risen C. said D. born13. _ he saw both surprised and frightened him. A. That B. When C. What D. Which14. _ is a spell of warm sunshine. A. What do we all need. B. What all we need C. What we need D. What we all need15. _ is a pity that he should feel so upset. A. What B. That C. He D. It16. _ a spoonful(满满一匙) of soil can tell us so much about the structure(结构,构造) and early history of the moon. A. Remarkable B. Quite remarkably C. It is remarkable that D. It is remarkable 17. _ you nominate(提名) will be elected. A. Who B. Which C. Whomever D. Thats 18. _ book you borrow must be returned within a week. A. What B. Which C. Whichever D. Thats 19. _ is troubling me is that I dont have much experience in international commerce. A. It B. That C. Which D. What20. _they will go there to try another experiment has not been decided yet. A. Whether B. If C. About whether D. Why 参考答案1whowillpickhimupisnotdecided.2whichclasswillwinthematchisnotclearsofar.3whetherhecanbuytheticketforplanedoesntmattermuch.4howwewillgothereisaquestion.5whatyoutoldmejustnowwasreallyasurprise.6whenhewillgoabroadisbeingdiscussed.7whyhecriesisnotclear.8Itisclearthatheisabeggar.9whoyouwillinviteisnotimportant.10wherethebasketballwillbeheldisnotclear.单选：15 DDBBB 610 DDDBD 1115 DCCDD 1620 CACDA阅读：AACDA阅读理解1The story happened during the Second World War. An old man lived in a small town of Germany. He had three sons and they all worked in the same factory where he had worked. After the war had begun, his sons were all made to join the army one after another and they all died in the frights. The old man was very sad. He didnt have enough food and was often hungry. And nobody helped him and he didnt know how to go in living. It was a very cold winter night. The old man couldnt go to sleep. He had been hungry for two days and it was so cold in his room that ice could be seen. He had to get up and begun to run in the room until he lay down on the ground. The next morning he had to beg from door to door. He had been to a lot of cities and knew a lot. Once he came to a village, but the villages were all poor and couldnt give him anything. He was too hungry to go to another village. He thought hard and found a way. He came to a police station and called out,“Hitler is a foolish pig (希特勒是蠢猪)！”Out came an old policeman at once. He took the old man into a room, gave him some bread and a cup of tea. Then he said, “Dont say in our village, sir!” “Im sorry, sir.” said the old man. “I don