江苏高考新题型-读写作文.ppt

Task-basedwriting江苏高考英语新题型-读写作文,考试大纲：要求考生根据所给情景用英语写一篇150个单词左右的短文，情景的形式包括图表、图画、提纲、信函、短文等。考生应能：（1）根据特定的语境准确使用英语语法，选用适当的词汇；（2）使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地传递信息和表达思想。,内容趋同,广东省高考作文之读写任务,2013年广东高考英语,2012年广东高考英语,2011年广东高考英语,读写任务的写作内容一般分为两部分，即TASK1、SUMMARY;TASK2、OPINION。,Summary存在的诸多问题,Usethefirstpersoninsteadofthethirdperson没有使用第三人称,Usetoomanyoriginalwordsorsentencesfromthepassage.直接或过多引用原文,Expressopiniontooearly过早表达观点!,lacktransitionalwordsorstatements缺乏过渡词句,Usetoomanyspecificdetailsinsteadofgeneralwords.过多细节而非概括性语言,（1）keypointsarenotcomplete概括要点不全（2）Usethefirstpersoninsteadofthethirdperson没有使用第三人称（3）Usetoomanyoriginalwordsorsentencesfromthepassage.过多引用原文（4）Usetoomanyspecificdetailsinsteadofgeneralwords.过多细节而非概括性语言（5）Expressopiniontooearly过早表达观点（6）lacktransitionalwordsorstatements缺乏过渡词句（7）toomanysimplesentences句式单调,Commonmistakes,如何写概括,Canwemainlyuseourownwordsorthesentencesintheoriginalpassage?Whatshouldbeincludedinthesummary?3.Canwewriteitinthefirstpersonorthethirdperson?4.Canweexpressouropinion?,FOCUS:,Whatisasummary?,AshortenedversionofthetextMainpointsofthetextWritteninyourownwords,Asummaryisabriefaccountofthemainpointsofanarticleinyourownwords.,Stylesofpassage,narration,Thesixelementsofanarrativepassage:,Hi,IamMike.Ijustwentthroughmyfirstyearofcollege.Thetoughestpartonmeatfirstwasthegeneraladjustment.Iwenttoaverysmallhighschoolwheremymomwasateacherandshedidpracticallyeverythingforme.ButatthecollegeIneedtoknowsomebasiclifeskills,suchasbalancingacheck-book,laundry,andthethingsyouhavetobeabletohandlethatIneverthoughtofinthehighschool!ItwasreallytoughformeatfirstandIgotbadlyhomesick.OncethatfirstsemesterwasoverandIgotusedtothecollegelife,Iloveitgoodfacilities,helpfulinstructors,andagoodlibrary.ThestudentsUnionorganizesvariouspartieseveryweek.Ialsogotocinemasandconcerts,andoftenspendSaturdaynightsinpubsandclubs.OnethingIthinkisimportantistogetyourselfactiveinthings.Iwasondanceteamincollegeandmetatonofpeoplethatwayitwassomucheasiertomakefriendswhenyouhadacommonground.,thesixelementsofanarrativepassage,Mike,Hisfirstyearofcollege,toughestadjustment,gotusedtoit,lovethecollegelife,Gethimselfactiveinthings,Mikesharedwithushisfirstyearofcollegelife.Atfirsthe_,butaftergettingactiveinthingsforonesemester,he_and_.,didntadjusthimselfwell,adaptedtoit,enjoyedhimself,congratulations!,Argumentation,Gettingupearlyhasbeenregardasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes.Manyyearsago,peoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgetupearly,wewouldbeenergeticthewholeday.So,gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.Infact,morningisthebesttimeofaday.Inthemorning,theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions.Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwememorizesomethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthananyothertimeoftheday.Ifwedosomemorningexerciseoronlytakeashortwalkinthemorning,wecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.Alsowewillhaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.However,ifwegetuplate,wewillprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry.Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabitandtryourbesttokeepit.Ifwesticktogettingupearlyeveryday,wewillcertainlybenefitalotfromit.,1.Astrongstatementofopinion.(thekeyidea):,Gettingupearly/agoodhabit/ofgreatimportance,2.Supportfortheopinion(supportingsentences),abettermemoryahealthierbodyabetterpreparationfortheday,3.Conclusion/suggestions.,agoodhabit/benefitalot,Thepassagesaysgettingupearlyinthemorningisagoodhabitthatwillbenefitusalot.Itenablesustohaveabettermemory,healthierbodyandbetterpreparationfortheday.,Exposition,Thepassagenarratesthatkoalaswhoarerepeatedlyawakenfromtheirdeepsleepareunhappyandcomplainingfortouriststakingphotos.Theauthorappealstoustobemorekindtoanimals.,Strategy3,灵活变化表达，适度进行paraphrase,理清要点之间的逻辑关系之后，不能简单地照搬原句,即用自己的话进行改写，做到“雁过不留痕”。,Someusefulskills:1)Usewordsofsimilarmeanings同义替换法,2)Adopttheoppositewaywhensayingasentence正话反说或反话正说法Youwillnotsucceed.=Youwillfail.Youcantbetoocarefulwhendriving.=Youshouldbecarefulwhendriving.Icantagreewithyoumore.=Iagreewithyou.3)Changethepartofspeech词性转换法Thephotoisofimportancetome.=Thephotoisimportanttome.,4)Changethestructureofasentence句式变化法语态变换：Parentsshouldgivechildrenmorepraise.Childrenshouldbegivenmorepraise.简单句变复合句：Childrenshouldbeencouragedmore.Thiswillhelpthemlearnfaster.Childrenshouldbeencouragedmore,whichwillhelpthemlearnfaster.,削“枝”去“叶”，实行精“兵”裁“员”。由于字数限制，又要涵盖所有要点，用词必须“能省则省”。,Someusefulskills:1)句式省略iftheyrecorrectedtoomuch=ifcorrectedtoomuch2)使用概括性的名词代替具体的词ShebroughthomeseveralChineseandEnglishnovels,afewcopiesofTimeandNewsweekandsometextbooks.Sheintendedtoreadallofthemduringthewintervacation.Shebroughthomealotofbookstoreadduringthevacation.,Advertisingcanbeaservicetocustomers.Thisistruewhenadvertisementsgivereliableinformationaboutthegoodsadvertised.Suchinformationisneededifthecustomeristomakeasensiblechoicewhenhebuyssomething.Itisusefulinthatitletshimknowofthekindsofgoodsintheshops.Printedadvertisementsdothisjobbest.Customerscancollectthemandcomparethem.Theycanbetakenalongtotheshopsandtheirstatementscanbecheckedagainstandactualgoodsintheshops.Someadvertisementsarenotveryusefultothecustomers.Insteadofhelpingthecustomertosatisfyhisrealneeds,theysetouttomakehimwantthings.Theysetouttomakeusbelievethatwhattheyadvertisewillmakeuscleverer,prettier,morehandsome,ifonlyweuseit.ThevoiceonTVsays,“GetawaypeopleuseXYZpetrol.”Thescreenshowsapictureofpetrolpumpforafastexpensivecarownedbyaboywithaprettygirlfriend.Theydriveofftothewonderfulcountryoralovelybeach.Somepeoplemayfeelthatclever,successfulpeopleuseXYZpetrol.Somemightchoosethatpetroleverytimetheyfilluptheircars.,Advertisingcanbeusefulwhenitprovidescustomerswithreliableinformation，whilesomeadvertisementsarenotthecaseastheyareproducedonlytopersuadecustomerstobuywhattheydontneed.(31words),记叙文常见模板,a.点明写作目的类：Thewritertellsus（主题）byshowingusanexampleof,who/which（故事情节）.b.作者经历类：Inthepassage,thewritermainlytellsushisexperienceofdoingsth,whichc.他人经历类：Thispassageismainlyaboutsbsexperienceofdoingsth.,议论文常见模板,Thearticlegivestheviewthatshould/shouldnt（主题）.（补充论据）.Thepassagehighlights(强调)theimportanceofsth.Theauthorarguesthat,说明文常见模板,a.现象揭示类：Thisarticlepointsoutthecommonphenomenon-（主题),which.（补充解释）.b.利弊对比类：Thearticlecomparesthedisadvantages/benefitsofAandB.Thepassagediscussestheimpact(影响)ofsth.c.研究显示类：Thestudyreveals(揭露)thatThereportshowsthat,巧用过渡词句和关联词，提升作文档次。SUMMARY和OPINION之间要有过渡语句，才能给人“形合”的感觉。而段落内部的关联词，可以反映出作者思路清晰，并增强文章的连贯性。,过渡自然，明确了“读”和“写”之间的关联性,记叙文的过渡语(1)Ihaveasimilarexperience.(2)Ialsowentthroughsuchanexperience.(3)Thisstoryremindsmeofanotherstorythathappenedto.(4)Thisstoryremindsmeofasimilarexperienceof.,议论文的过渡语表示赞同/不赞同(1)Iagreewiththestatementthat.(2)Ido/quiteagreewiththeauthor.(3)Imforthewritersideathat.(4)Ifullysupportthestatement.(5)Icantagreemorewith.,(1)Ipartly/dontagreewithwhatthewritersaid/thewritersview.(2)Imstronglyagainstthewritersidea.(3)Thisopinionsoundsright/reasonable,butishardlypractical.(4)Somepeopleargueasifitisageneraltruththat.Buttobefrank,Icannotagreewiththem.,常见关联词1)先后次序关系：lastbutnotleast;tobegin/start/endwith;finally;firstofall;afterwards;followingthis;2)因果关系：since;as;for;inthat.;owingto;dueto;inviewof;asaresultofthis;therefore;.andso.;consequently;asaresult;thus;sothat.;inconsequence;asaconsequence;3)转折关系：but;evenso;however;though;eventhough;despitethat;inspiteofthat;regardlessof;yet.;andyet;4)并列关系：and;also;too;aswellas;either.，or.;both.and.,5)(补充)递进关系：furthermore;moreover;further;inthisway;still;notonly.butalso.;not.but.;inaddition(to);additionally,6)比较关系：similarly;incomparisonwith;whencomparedwith;comparedwith;like.;similarlyimportant;apartfrom(doing).;.ratherthan.;bothand.;inthesameway;notonly.but(also).7)对照(不同点)：yet;still;forallofthat;rather;neither.nor;although;though;but;however;somethingisjusttheotherwayaround;yet;unlike;opposedto;asopposedto;incontrast(to);onthecontrary;differentfromthis;asopposedtothis;contraryto;whereas;while;butontheotherhand.8)举例关系:forexample;forinstance;inthiscase;namely;asyouknow;youmaysay;like;suchas;inparticular;including.;foronething.,foranother.;putitsimply;Itisinterestingtonotethat.,9)强调关系：infact;especially;particularly;moreover;naturally;whatismoreimportant;inreality;certainly;ofcourse;indeed;inparticular;itiscertainsurethat.;tobestrict;tobetrue;intruth10)条件关系:if;unless;lest;providedthat;ifitisthecase;inthissense;once.;ifpossible;ifnecessary;ifso;ifnotall;ifanything.11)归纳总结类：generallyspeaking,generally,asageneralrule,ingeneral,inasense,intermsof,inconclusion,inshort,inbrief,insummary,inaword,onthewhole,tosumup,toconclude12)目的关系：withthisobject;forthispurpose;inorderthat;inthisway,since;sothat;onthataccount(由于那个缘故);incase13)重申关系：inotherwords;thatistosay;asIhavesaid;again;onceagain.,运用较为丰富的句式和高级词汇，为作文锦上添花。适时使用非谓语动词结构、with短语结构、定语从句、倒装句型、短语动词等。,各种从句,非谓语,强调句,倒装,虚拟,省略句,运用多种语法结构，句式灵活多变，可以使文章增色不少。,表达自己观点(1)Asforme,.(2)Inmyopinion,.(3)AsfarasIamconcerned,.(4)Frommypointofview.(5)Iholdtheview/beliefthat.(6)Personally,Ibelievethat.(7)Accordingtomyexperience,Ithinkthat.,提供论据或原因分析总述原因(1)Thereareseveralreasonsthatcontributeto.(2)Myviewsarebasedonthefollowingreasons.分层论述(1)Ontheonehand,.Ontheother,.一方面另一方面(2)Foronething,.Foranother.一则二则(3)Tobeginwith/Firstofall/First(ly),.Second(ly),.Besides/Furthermore/Whatsmore,.Finally/Lastbutnotleast.首先其次此外/而且最后,列举例子(1)Take.forexample.以为例吧(2)Forexample/instance,.例如，(3)suchas比如说，诸如之类的引出经历Whatimpressesmemostisthat.我印象最为深的是分析因果Thanksto/Owingto/Becauseof.由于/因为Consequently/Therefore/Thus/Asaresult,.因此/结果,引出话题(1)Thereisnodoubtthat.毫无疑问(2)Itcannotbedeniedthat.不可否认(3)Noonecanignorethefactthat.谁也不可忽视(4)Fromwhatismentionedabove,weknow.依上所述，我们知道,(1)Tosumup/Inshort/Inconclusion/Inaword/Allinall,.总之，(2)Takingallthefactorsintoaccount,wecandrawaconclusionthat.考虑到以上因素，我们可以得出这样的结论：(3)Fromthediscussionabove,itcanbesafelyconcludedthat.根据以上讨论，可以得出如下结论：(4)Tobebrief,weshouldbeawareoftheimportanceof.总之，我们应当明白的重要性。(5)Therefore,itisnecessaryforusto.因此，我们有必要(6)Only/inthisway/whenwe.canwe.只有用这种方法/当时，我们才能,总结句开头语,写作内容1.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容;2.结合上述信息,简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因;3.根据你的分析,从社会规范(rulesandregulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。写作要求1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;摇2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;3.不必写标题。评分标准内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。,Thetrafficissueisahardnuttocrack.Itnotonlyaffectsoureverydaylife,butmayalsothreatenpeopleslives.Thethreeselectionspresentedabovearetypicalexamples.Quiteafewthingsgiverisetothetrafficproblem.Inspiteofthelarge-scaleconstructionofroadsandhighways,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement,becauseoftheeverincreasingnumberofcarstheseyears.Whatsworse,somedrivers,cyclistsandpedestriansdonotthinkitvitaltoobeytrafficrules.,Infact,trafficrulesarepartoftherulesandregulationscloselyrelatedtopublicorder.Withoutthem,peoplecouldnotenjoyharmonyorthecountrywouldbeinchaos.Butrulesalonedontsecureanorderlysociety.Itisthepeoplewhoobeytherulesthatmatter.Itiseverybodysdutytoobservethemtokeepoursocietyinorderandgoingontherighttrack.,请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Inrecentyears,internetvotinghasbecomeincreasinglypopularinChina.Peoplenotonlycaston-linevotesthemselves,butalsourgeotherstovoteforcompetitionslikethe“MostBeautifulTeacher”andthe“CutestBaby”.LiJiang,ahighschoolstudent,isinvitedtovoteinthe“BestPoliceOfficercompetition,organizedbythelocalgovernmenttoletthepublichaveabetterunderstandingofpoliceofficersdailywork.LiJiangvisitsthewebsite,andreadsallthestories.Heisdeeplymovedbytheirgloriousdeeds.Heisalreadythinkingofbecomingapolicemanhimselfinth