Peter精编高中英语构词法PPT课件

高考英语复习主题之-,英语词汇记忆法,建安区三高熊训勇,1,.,Guessingnewwords,ambulance,n救护车,ponderous,adj.胖的要死,indoorsman,n.宅男,gelivable,adj.给力的,seckill,v.n.秒杀,transplant,v.移植、嫁接,broaden,v.加宽，拓宽,2,.,1.time-travelTVdrama2.grouppurchasing3.daddy-is-the-key,猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之合成法,拼爹,穿越剧,团购,把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词,这种构词的方法叫做合成法,1.直接写在一起。2.用连字符(-)连接。,3,.,4.discloseonessecret5.Microblog6.Itsallfloatingcloud.7.envious,jealousandhateful,.,猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之派生法,神马都是浮云,微博,吐槽,前缀:一般只改变词义,不改变词类,后缀:一般只改变词类,不引起词义变化,羡慕嫉妒恨,4,.,转化法（Conversion）,Ithasagoodtaste.,Ittastesverygood.,record,n.记录,v.记录,Hebroketherecord.,Herecordssomethingwhilereadingabook.,5,.,猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之缩略、简写,11.PRC,12.NBA,13.EQ、IQ,PeoplesRepublicofChina中华人民共和国,NationalBasketballAssociation北美篮球联盟,EmotionalQuotient情商IntelligenceQuotient智商,6,.,Word-formation,合成法,派生法,转化法,缩写和简写,7,.,合成（compounding）,合成法：,合成名词,合成形容词,8,.,blood-test验血，she-wolf母狼mass-批量生产,handwriting,shorthand速记,freezing-point,readingroom,washroom,breakthrough突破，,outbreak,名词/代词+名词,名词+动名词,形容词+名词,动名词+名词,动词+名词,动词+副词,副词+动词,production,爆发,9,.,2.合成形容词,noble-minded,three-legged,good-looking,fine-sounding动听的,high-class高级的，large-scale大规模的,duty-free免税的，airsick晕机的,形容词/数词+名词+ed,形容词+现在分词,形容词+名词,名词+形容词,10,.,peace-loving,English-speaking,man-made,snow-covered,hard-working,far-reaching深远的,well-known,widespread广泛流传的,four-day四天的,five-year,名词+现在分词,名词+过去分词,副词+现在分词,副词+过去分词,数词+名词,11,.,2017.全国卷3：Thewaypeopledothingshighlightsmanyofthedifferencesweseebetween.根据合成词中的high（高的）和light（灯光）推测，highlight的意思是（强光）。转化为一个动词，与differences搭配，意思为（vt.突出；强调）,2016.全国卷2：Butthetruthisthatyoucanhavelastnightsleftoversinthemorningifyouwantto.根据合成词中的left（剩下的）和over（过量）推测，leftovers的意思是（n.遗留；剩余物；吃剩的食物）,高考经典回顾,12,.,派生法,派生法,前缀,后缀,否定前缀,其他前缀,名词后缀,形容词后缀,副词后缀,动词后缀,13,.,高考经典回顾,2018全国卷1-Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunoutofsoftsurface,doexerciseto68_(strength)yourlegmuscles.Runningischeap,easyanditisalways69_(energy).2017全国卷2-Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe69_(introduce)ofelectic-poweredenginesandlifts.,14,.,常见的四种否定前缀：Un-,in/im/il/ir-,dis-,mis-,前缀,15,.,常见的四种否定前缀：Un-,in/im/il/ir-,dis-,mis-,前缀,16,.,其他前缀：,前缀,17,.,其他前缀：,前缀,18,.,其他前缀：,前缀,19,.,后缀（Suffixes）,后缀是加在词根或单词后面的部分。后缀分为四种：1）名词后缀；2）形容词后缀；3）动词后缀；4）副词后缀,20,.,1）名词后缀,名词后缀有许多种，下面略举数种为例：表人，物，抽象名词等-erworker(工人)-istartist(艺术家)-ortractor(拖拉机)-hoodchildhood(童年)-shipfriendship(友谊),21,.,2）形容词后缀,表示一种事物具有或属于某种性质或状态，表意义“是的”，“似的”-ousfamous(著名的)-fulpowerful(强有力的)-yhilly(多山的)-proofwater-proof（防水的）,22,.,2）形容词后缀-ed(动词后加ed表具有):excited,amazed-ful(名词后加ful表充满):hopeful,thankful-less(名词后面加less,表没有的):careless,useless-like(表“像”):childlike-ly(表特色、“每”):motherly,daily-y(表具有特征):sandy-able,-ive(动词转形容词):changeable,attractive,23,.,3）动词后缀,表示“使成为”，“致使”，“做”，“化”，“变成”等，如：-fyglorify(使光荣)-izemodernize(现代化)-enlengthen(延长)-atediscriminate(区分),24,.,高考经典回顾,2018全国卷1-Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunoutofsoftsurface,doexerciseto68_(strength)yourlegmuscles.Runningischeap,easyanditisalways69_(energy).2017全国卷2-Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe69_(introduce)ofelectic-poweredenginesandlifts.,25,.,4）副词后缀,表示方式、方向、性质、状态等，如：-wiseclockwise(顺时针方向的)-wayscrossways(交叉地)-wardssouthwards(向南)-lyhappily(幸福地),26,.,例二：ShopkeepersinModburypopulation1,500,agreedtostophandingoutdisposableplasticbagstocustomersonSaturday.Theysaidpapersacksandclothcarrierbagswouldbeofferedinstead.Theunderlinedworddisposableinthepassageprobablymeans_.acceptableB.valuableC.throw-awayD.long-lasting,答案C。Disposable=dis+pos+able，其中pos=place；put，dis=apart，able表示可能的，这就有了可任意处置、用完即丢的含义。,27,.,常见的转化形式：,转化法,考点梳理,28,.,1Youarenotalone，andweareall_(back)you.2Hefinishedhistask，walkedoutoftheofficeand_(head)forthecoffeehouse.3Thelittleboysucceededin_(clear)thetable.4Thegreenhandwas_(fine)manytimesforhisbreakingtrafficlaws.5Whenyoureswinging，youshouldholdtherope_(firm),Fillintheblanks.,firmly,举一反三,backing,headed,clearing,fined,29,.,二、请使用able的正确形式填空。1.Computers_peopletogetmoreinformationmorequickly.2.Heis_todiscriminatecolors.Heiscolor-blind.3.Herlackofexperienceisasevere_.,enable,unable,disability,30,.,4.Anaccident_himfromplayingfootball.5.Deafpeopleanddumbpeopleare_.,disabled,disabled,31,.,三、请使用like的正确形式填空。1.Ihavetakenastrong_ofhim.2.Sheisnot_tocomenextmonth.3.Greatmindsthink_.4.Howdoyou_thisbook?5.Itwasvery_thathewoulddothat