高中英语-虚拟语气精讲(超全整理篇)PPT课件

.,TheSubjunctiveMood,虚拟语气,.,英语动词有种语气陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气,用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,三,.,虚拟语气的应用,A.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用B.虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用C.虚拟语气在某些句型中的应用,.,A.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用,.,条件句中虚拟语气的考点1、基本用法；2、混合条件句；3、虚拟条件句的省略和倒装4、含蓄条件句;,.,主从句的谓语形式,时间,If从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,将来,did/were,haddone,would/could/should/might+V.(原),would/could/should/might+have+done.,1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodo,would/could/should/might+V.(原),.,与现在事实相反：,did,be-were,should/would/could/might+do,.,与事实相反！,1)Ifhehastime,hewillgoshoppingtonight.,2)IfIhadtime,Iwouldvisityou.,.,与过去事实相反,haddone,should/would/might/could+have+done,.,Ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful,themallwouldnotbeonfirenow.,.,Ifyouyourfatheradvice,hadtaken,Youinthetrafficjamnow.,wouldnthavetrapped,.,与将来事实相反,did/were,shoulddo,weretodo,should/would/could/might+do,.,表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(wereto)+动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would/should/couldmight+动词原形。,.,明天要是周日的话，我们就不参加考试了。,Ifitshouldfail,Iwouldtryagain.,要是失败了，我会再试一次。,IfitwereSundaytomorrow,wewouldnthaveanexam.,.,主从句的谓语形式,时间,If从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,将来,did/were,haddone,would/could/should/might+V.(原),would/could/should/might+have+done.,1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodo,would/could/should/might+V.(原),.,If虚拟句的省略和倒装,.,如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以省略if倒装成：Were/Should/Had+主+其他,WereIyou,Hadhebeenthereyesterday,Shoulditsnowtomorrow,IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.,Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.,Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldntgoout.,如果我是你，我会再试一次。,如果他昨天在那儿的话，他就会看那部电影了。,如果明天下雪，我们就不出去了。,.,4.Ifit_(rain)tomorrow,we_(notgoout).5._(be)Iingoodhealth,I_(go)withyoutomorrow.,rained/shouldrain/weretorain,wouldnotgoout,Were,would/shouldgo,.,含蓄条件句,.,有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，如，otherwise,without,butfor等，或者从上下文中表示出来，这种情况叫含蓄条件句，主句要用虚拟语气。,.,Eg.Without/Butforyourhelp,wewouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress.1.Iwasillthatday.0therwise,I_(take)partinthesportsmeet.2.I_(give)youmorehelp,butIwastoobusy.3.Amanwhostoppeddrinking_(be)deadinsevendays.4.Butforwater,it_(be)impossibletoliveinthedesert.,wouldhavetaken,mighthavegiven,wouldbe,wouldbe,.,Thissamething,happeninginwartime,wouldleadtoadisaster.(条件暗含在分词短语happeninginwartime中),Hestudiedhardathighschool,orhecouldnthaveenteredBeijingUniversity.(暗含条件是连词or),Alone,hewouldhavebeenterrified.(暗含条件是alone),.,1.条件暗含在短语中。如：,WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou?(条件暗含在分词短语withoutyou中),Itwouldbeeasiertodoitthisway.(条件暗含在不定式短语todoitthisway中),Butforyourhelpwecouldnthavesucceededintheexperiment.(暗含条件是butforyourhelp),.,B.虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用,虚拟语气的常考形式：,.,一坚持,二命令,四建议,五要求,一.名词性从句中的虚拟语气,.,insist,order/command,suggest/advise/propose/recommend,desire/demand/request/require/ask,名词性从句中的虚拟语气,shoulddo!shoulddo!shoulddo!,1“坚持”insist2“命令”order,command3“建议”advise,suggest,propose,recommend4“要求”ask,demand,require,request,desire+(that)sb(should)do.或是(that)sb/sth(should)bedone,宾语从句,.,我们建议Tom去休息一下。他坚持要我与他同行。他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。老师要求作业要及时完成。,Wesuggested_.,(that)Tomhavearest,Heinsisted_.,(that)I(should)gowithhim,Theyrequested(that)Tom_.,(should)besenttoworkthere,Theteacherasked(that)ourhomework_.,(should)befinishedintime,.,Itisordered/commanded/suggested/advised/requested/required/demandedthat(should)do,Itissuggestedthatwe(should)practisereadingEnglisheveryday.,(一).主语从句,that不可省略,这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用shoulddo,.,The/Onesinsistence/order/command/suggestion/advice/proposal/recommendation/request/requirement/demand/desireis/wasthat(should)do,(二).表语从句,Thesuggestiongivenbyourteacheristhatwe(should)practisereadingEnglisheveryday.,that不可省略,.,a/thesuggestion/request(等)that(should)do,Shemadearequestthatthedoctor(should)besentforatonce.Theteachergivesusasuggestionthatwe(should)practisereadingEnglisheveryday.,(三）.同位语从句,that不可省略,.,Itssuggestedthattheplan(should)becarriedoutatonce.Theoldwomansdemandisthatherson(should)cometoseeheronceaweek.Weareinfavoroftheadvicethatthefactory(should)becloseddown.,主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,.,Heinsistedthathewasnotathiefandthathebesetfree.,Herpalefacesuggestedshewasill.,注意：若insist表示“坚持说”，suggest表示“表明了，暗示了”，后面是宾语从句用陈述语气,他命令用专机送药品。,.,.,(一)两个常考虚拟语气句型,Ifitwerentfor,要不是(固定句式),与现在事实相反,Ifithadntbeenfor,与过去事实相反,butfor,二.虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式,.,Ifitwerenotforlackingmoney,Iwouldgotravellingrightnow.=Wereitnotforlackingmoney,Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldnthavefinishedtheworkyesterday.=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,butfor,butfor,.,（二）Ifonly!要是就好了,IfonlyIwereabird!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!Ifonlyshewouldgowithme!,与wish的宾语从句相似,onlyif只要就，只有才,引导的从句位于句首，主句倒装！倒装！,Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionisastudentallowedtoentertheroom.,.,（三）犹如，好像，仿佛asif/asthough,假设情况非事实时，用虚拟语气。若从句表示内容为事实或很可能是事实，用陈述语气：Itlooksasifwewillbelate.,试比较：,Hewalksasifheisdrunk.Hewalksasifheweredrunk.,他真的醉了。他没有醉。,Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Itlooksasifitweregoingtorain.,快要下雨了。不会下雨。,.,Asif/asthough在虚拟语气中的用法,asif/asthough,sbdid（were）,sbhaddone,sbwould/coulddo,现在,过去,将来,与wish的宾语从句相似,should,.,（四）宁愿，但愿,wouldrather,宁愿，但愿,sbdid,与现在或将来情况相反,sbhaddone,与过去情况相反,Iwouldratheryoureturnedmemymoneynow.,Iwouldratherwehadnttoldherthebadnews.,Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.,.,sbdid,sbshoulddo,注意:should不能省略,(五)Itis(high/about)time(that)“是时候.(做某事)”,现在,将来,.,Itsnecessary/strange/natural(自然的,理应如此的)/important+thatsb(should)do,（六）.在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气,.,1).Itisimportantthatwe_(master精通)aforeignlanguage.2).真奇怪，她竟然拒绝来参加party。Its_thatshe_tocometotheparty.3).鸟在树上安歇/休息是很自然的。Itis_thatabird_intrees.,(should)master,(should)refuse,strange,natural,(should)rest,三.可用可不用虚拟语气的情况,1.if2.insist,suggest3.asif/though,.,insist/suggest各有两种意思，用不同的语气,.,insist:“坚决/持要求做某事”用虚拟语气shoulddo;insist:“坚持认为,坚持说”用陈述语气,Themaninprisoninsistedthathe_(do)nothingand_(be)setfree.Thepatientinsistedthathe_(notbe)illand_(notbe)senttothehospital.,HeinsistedthatIhadreadhisletter.HeinsistedthatIshouldreadhisletter.,他坚持说我看过他的信。他坚持要我看他的信。,haddone,shouldbe,wasnt,shouldntbe,.,suggest:“建议”用虚拟语气，即shoulddo;suggest:“表明、暗示”用陈述语气,Hesuggestsweshouldgoatonce.Herexpressionsuggestedshewasveryangry.,他提议我们马上出发.她脸上的表情显示她生气了.,1.Theteachersuggestedthatwe_(practise)moreafterclass.2.Herpalefacesuggeststhatshe_(be)illtoday.,(should)practise,is,.,Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifitwerebroken.Thedarkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.,asif/asthough,.,6.Itisstrangethathe_(make)suchamistake.Thatsunexpected.7.Itwasrequiredthateachstudent_(bring)enoughfoodonthetrip.8.Mydemandisthatyou_(get)upatsix.9.Hespeaksasifhe_(be)anEnglishman.10.Theytalkedasifthey_(be)goodfriendsforyears.,shouldmake,bring,(should)get,were,hadbeen,.,Exercise,.,Iadvisedthatyou_thejobassoonaspossible.AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish2Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay_beraised.AshouldBwouldCmustDcould,.,3.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_there.A.notwentB.wontgoC.notgoD.nottogo,.,4.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam_beforeeleven.A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished,.,5.Janespalefacesuggestedthatshe_ill.AbeBwasCshouldbeDis6.Heinsistedhe_right.A.wereB.wasC.beD.is,.,7.Heinsistedthatallofus_(get)thereontimebyanymeans.8.Heinsistedthathe_(notsteal)thedimond,andthatheshouldbesetfree.,(should)get,hadntstolen,.,考题点击Hissuggestionthatyou_oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry,.,2.Shemadethedemandthatthejournalists_atonceforIraq.A.leaveB.leavingC.leftD.tobeleft,.,3.Weareinfavorofyourproposalthatthemeeting_.A.shouldputoffB.wasputoffC.beputoffD.istoputoff,.,4.Itishightimethechild_tothehospital.A.issentB.wouldbesentC.mustbesentD.weresent,.,5.IfonlyI_drivingbefore.A.hadlearnedB.learnedC.learnD.wouldlearn,.,6.IwishI_abird.AisBwereCwillbeDare7.HowIwishthatI_themoonsometimeinthefuture.AhadvisitedBwouldvisitCvisitedDwillvisit,8.Idratheryou_methenews.A.nottellB.nottotellC.didnttellD.hadnttold,.,E.Exercises,.,8.（安徽卷）Itisluckywebookedaroom,orwe_nowheretostaynow.A.hadB.hadhadC.wouldhaveD.wouldhavehad,.,9.（江苏卷）Itmighthavesavedmemuchtrouble_theschedule.A.didIknowB.haveIknownC.doIknowD.hadIknown10.(重庆卷)Withouthiswartimeexperiences,Hemingway_hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.A.DidntwriteB.hadntwrittenC.wouldntwriteD.wouldnthavewritten,.,13.Ifwe_atableearlier,wecouldntbestandinghereinaqueue.havebookedB.bookedC.bookD.hadbooked14.-DoyouthinkGeorgehaspassedthedrivingtest?-No.Ifso,he_hiscartoourcollegeyesterday.woulddriveB.droveC.wouldhavedrivenD.haddriven,【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据句意：如果我们早点订桌的话，我们就不可能在这里站着排队了。可知if从句是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时态。,【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据句意，如果这样的话（乔治已经通过驾照考试），他昨天就驾车来我们大学了，可知是对过去的虚拟。Ifso=Ifhehadpassedthedrivingtest，主句使用情态动词+havedone。故答案选C。,.,15.IshouldnothavelaughedifI_youwereserious.thoughtB.wouldthinkC.hadthoughtD.havethought16.Mymomsuggeststhatwe_eatoutforachangethisweekend.A.shouldB.mightC.couldD.would,【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。此处为if虚拟条件句，其主句使用的是shouldhavedone，可知是对过去的虚拟，故从句用过去完成时态表示对过去的虚拟。,【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为suggest，表示建议，其后所接的名词性从句应用“（should+）动词原形”的虚拟语气，故选A。,.,17.IfhehadspentmoretimepracticingspeakingEnglishbefore,he_abletospeakitmuchbetternow.willbeB.wouldbeC.hasbeenD.wouldhavebeen18.Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachildsfirsteyeexam_attheageofsixmonthsold.A.wasB.beC.wereD.is,【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。此题为if虚拟条件句，从句时间为before，故是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时态，主句时间为now，故是对现在的虚拟，因此用情态动词过去式后接动词原形，答案为B。,【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为recommend，表示“推荐，建议”，后接宾语从句时应用（should+）动词原形的虚拟语气，此处省去了should，故答案为B。,.,19.-Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.Imgladwetookanumbrella.-Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe_.hadntB.haventC.didntD.dont20.I_tomycousinsbirthdaypartylastnight,butIwasnotavailableA.wentB.hadgoneC.wouldgoD.wouldhavegone,【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。虚拟条件句主句从句均为对过去的虚拟，if从句使用过去完成时态，故选A。,【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据句意：昨晚我本想要去参加我表亲的生日聚会，但我没空。选项中能表示对过去虚拟的只有D答案：用情态动词过去式后加