一堂关于春节的英语课

一堂关于春节的英语课开场：同学们，寒假就要到了，我们都将会回到自己的家乡和亲人一起度过你大学里的第一个春节，我们都知道，春节是中国最隆重的节日，是最有中国特色的节日，今天我们的话题就是围绕春节，说一说中国的春节。（具体的东西可以参考本教案最后面的两篇参考文章。）第一主题：关于春节的英语表达方法有：（请同学们回答： Chinese New Year 、Spring Festival）。那么关于春节常用词语的英语表达方式有哪些呢？（请同学们回答，在回答的过程中可以参考以下的知识点，选择一些跟春节最有关系的单词，说出中文，让同学们用英语来表达。）中国春节常用词语的英语表达过年 celebrate the spring festival 春联 spring festival couplets 剪纸 paper-cuts 年画 new year paintings 买年货 do shopping for the spring festival ; do spring festival shopping 敬酒 propose a toast 灯笼 lantern 烟花 fireworks 爆竹 firecrackers (people scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.) 红包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the coming year.) 舞狮 lion dance (the lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.) 舞龙 dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests) 戏曲 traditional opera 杂耍 variety show 灯谜 riddles written on lanterns 灯会 exhibit of lanterns 守岁 staying-up 拜年 pay new years call; give new years greetings; pay new years visit 禁忌 taboo 去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune 祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to ones ancestors 压岁钱 gift money; money given to children as a lunar new year gift 辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year 扫房 spring cleaning; general house-cleaning 年糕 nian-gao; rise cake; new year cake 团圆饭 family reunion dinner 年夜饭 the dinner on new years eve 第二主题：What is your opinion about YaSuiQian?你是怎么看待压岁钱呢？（同学们我们刚才学到压岁钱的英语表达方式是gift money; money given to children as a lunar new year gift，那么你是怎么看待压岁钱的呢，请同学们回答。）在介绍的时候，可以加入以下内容：culture note: in the old days, new years money was given in the form of one hundred copper coins strung together on a red string and symbolized the hope that one would live to be a hundred years old. today, money is placed inside red envelopes in denominations considered auspicious and given to represent luck and wealthNew year is coming so is the Spring Festival is coming In our custom,the elds will give the youngers money as“YaSuiQian”, and what is your opinion about this custom? （新年来了，春节来了 在我们的习俗中，家族中年长的要给年纪小的一些钱作为压岁钱 你对此风俗怎么看待呢？）（以下几点仅供参考，可以加入到学生的回答中或者予以评价）。修改 | 删除 Thats a funny thing aboutyasuiqian,it indicate our elds love the young 修改 | 删除 I think wed better give them some gifts that they like instead of money. 修改 | 删除 Thank you ，I agree with you all It is really the way to show the love from the elds,but most of the children do not know how to control the money,may it is a weast maybe it is controlled by their parents,at last they get nothing so give them gifts is the better way There should be some other way right? 第三主题：2010年计划new plan for 2010（让同学们用英语来回答他们对2007年的计划，以下内容供参考，在提问的时候可以用来介绍）as a chinese the spring festavial is a really beginning of the new year.so every one has the new plan for the new coming year. now ,at the end of the 2006 i have lots of feeling for the passed year. If i am successful ? if i am more experienced than the last year ? if if. yes ,if older than last year, and experienced ,im not a fresh member in our company and im not a student whojust gratuated from the university. now I think i should have some new aim for me. every one should has the new aim!The Spring Festival，also known as the Lunar New Year， is the greatest traditional festival. It is usually a time between late January or early February， which means rest and relaxation between winter and spring after a years toil，and means celebration as well. Before the Spring Festival， people clean their houses， put red couplets on their gates，and set off firecrackers， according to fairy tale， for driving a demon ，named Nian ，away. On the eve of the Spring Festival， a get- together banquet is a must， and the most popular food is Jiaozi， which is supposed to bring good fortune.On the first day of the new year， everybody wears newclothes and greets relatives and friends with bows and congratulations wishing each other the best during the new year.。第四主题：（让同学们说一说他们家乡，春节最有趣的风俗，或者最好玩的事情）以下内容是关于春节的文章，可以从里面再选出一些主题让同学讨论，也可以做为参考在介绍春节的时候用。第一参考文章：Spring FestivalThe Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West. All people living away from home go back, becoming the busiest time for transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival. Airports, railway stations and long-distance bus stations are crowded with home returnees. The Spring Festival falls on the 1st day of the 1st lunar month, often one month later than the Gregorian calendar. It originated in the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 BC-c. 1100 BC) from the peoples sacrifice to gods and ancestors at the end of an old year and the beginning of a new one. Strictly speaking, the Spring Festival starts every year in the early days of the 12th lunar month and will last till the mid 1st lunar month of the next year. Of them, the most important days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days. The Chinese government now stipulates people have seven days off for the Chinese Lunar New Year. Many customs accompany the Spring Festival. Some are still followed today, but others have weakened. On the 8th day of the 12th lunar month, many families make laba porridge, a delicious kind of porridge made with glutinous rice, millet, seeds of Jobs tears, jujube berries, lotus seeds, beans, longan and gingko. The 23rd day of the 12th lunar month is called Preliminary Eve. At this time, people offer sacrifice to the kitchen god. Now however, most families make delicious food to enjoy themselves. After the Preliminary Eve, people begin preparing for the coming NewYear. This is called Seeing the New Year in. Store owners are busy then as everybody goes out to purchase necessities for the New Year. Materials not only include edible oil, rice, flour, chicken, duck, fish and meat, but also fruit, candies and kinds of nuts. Whats more, various decorations, new clothes and shoes for the children as well as gifts for the elderly, friends and relatives, are all on the list of purchasing. Before the New Year comes, the people completely clean the indoors and outdoors of their homes as well as their clothes, bedclothes and all their utensils. Then people begin decorating their clean rooms featuring an atmosphere of rejoicing and festivity. All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival couplets, highlighting Chinese calligraphy with black characters on red paper. The content varies from house owners wishes for a bright future to good luck for the New Year. Also, pictures of the god of doors and wealth will be posted on front doors to ward off evil spirits and welcome peace and abundance. The Chinese character fu (meaning blessing or happiness) is a must. The character put on paper can be pasted normally or upside down, for in Chinese the reversed fu is homophonic with fu comes, both being pronounced as fudaole. Whats more, two big red lanterns can be raised on both sides of the front door. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass and brightly colored New Year paintings with auspicious meanings may be put on the wall. People attach great importance to Spring Festival Eve. At that time, all family members eat dinner together. The meal is more luxurious than usual. Dishes such as chicken, fish and bean curd cannot be excluded, for in Chinese, their pronunciations, respectively ji, yu anddoufu, mean auspiciousness, abundance and richness. After the dinner, the whole family will sit together, chatting and watching TV. In recent years, the Spring Festival party broadcast on China Central Television Station (CCTV) is essential entertainment for the Chinese both at home and abroad. According to custom, each family will stay up to see the New Year in. Waking up on New Year, everybody dresses up. First they extend greetings to their parents. Then each child will get money as a New Year gift, wrapped up in red paper. People in northern China will eat jiaozi, or dumplings, for breakfast, as they think jiaozi in sound means bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new. Also, the shape of the dumpling is like gold ingot from ancient China. So people eat them and wish for money and treasure. Southern Chinese eat niangao (New Year cake made of glutinous rice flour) on this occasion, because as a homophone, niangao means higher and higher, one year after another. The first five days after the Spring Festival are a good time for relatives, friends, and classmates as well as colleagues to exchange greetings, gifts and chat leisurely. Burning fireworks was once the most typical custom on the Spring Festival. People thought the spluttering sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, such an activity was completely or partially forbidden in big cities once the government took security, noise and pollution factors into consideration. As a replacement, some buy tapes with firecracker sounds to listen to, some break little balloons to get the sound too, while others buy firecracker handicrafts to hang in the living room. The lively atmosphere not only fills every household, but permeates to streets and lanes. A series of activities such as lion dancing, dra gon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held for days. The Spring Festival then comes to an end when the Lantern Festival is finished. China has 56 ethnic groups. Minorities celebrate their Spring Festival almost the same day as the Han people, and they have different customs.第二参考文章： The New Moon on the first day of the new year- the full moon 15 days later Chinese New Year starts with the New Moon（新月）on the first day of the new year and ends on the full moon（满月）15 days later. The 15th day of the new year is called the Lantern Festival（元宵节）, which is celebrated at night with lantern displays and children carrying lanterns in a parade. The Chinese calendar is based on a combination of lunar and solar movements. The lunar cycle（月运周期）is about 29.5 days. In order to catch up with the solar calendar the Chinese insert an extra month once every few years (seven years out of a 19-yearcycle). This is the same as adding an extra day on leap year （闰年）. This is why, according to the solar calendar, the Chinese New Year falls on a different date each year. New Years Eve and New Years Day are celebrated as a family affair, a time of reunion and thanksgiving. The celebration was traditionally highlighted with a religious ceremony given in honor of Heaven and Earth（万物）, the gods of the household and the family ancestors. The sacrifice to the ancestors, the most vital of all the rituals（仪式）, united the living members with those who had passed away. Departed relatives are remembered with great respect because they were responsible for laying the foundations for the fortune and glory of the family. The presence of the ancestors is acknowledged on New Years Eve with a dinner arranged for them at the family banquet table. The spirits of the ancestors, together with the living, celebrate the onset of the New Year as one great community. The communal feast called surrounding the stove or weilu. It symbolizes family unity and honors the past and present generations. The Origin of Chinese New YearThe Chinese New Year is now popularly known as the Spring Festival because it starts from the Begining of Spring (the first of the twenty-four terms in coodination with the changes of Nature). Its origin is too old to be traced. Several explanations are hanging around. All agree, however, that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese solely means year, was originally the name of a monster beast that started to prey on people the night before the beginning of a new year. One legend goes that the beast Nian had a very big mouth that would swallow a great many people with one bite. People were very scared. One day, an old man came to their rescue, offering to subdue Nian. To Nian he said, I hear say that you are very capable, but can you swallow the other beasts of prey on earth instead of people who are by no means of your worthy opponents? So, it did swallow many of the beasts of prey on earth that also harrassed people and their domestic animals from time to time After that, the old man disappeared riding the beast Nian. He turned out to be an immortal god. Now that Nian is gone and other beasts of prey are also scared into forests, people begin to enjoy their peaceful life. Before the old man left, he had told people to put up red paper decorations on their windows and doors at each years end to scare away Nian in case it sneaked back again, because red is the color the beast feared the most.From then on, the tradition of observing the conquest of Nian is carried on from generation to generation. The term Guo Nian, which may mean Survive the Nian becomes today Celebrate the (New) Year as the word guo in Chinese having both the meaning of pass-over and observe. The custom of putting up red paper and firing fire-crackers to scare away Nian should it have a chance to run loose is still around. However, people today have long forgotten why they are doing all this, except that they feel the color and the sound add to the excitement of the celebration. Traditional New Year Foods Probably more food is consumed during the New Year celebrations than any other time of the year. Vast amounts of traditional food is prepared for family and friends, as well as those close to us who have died.On New Years Day, the Chinese family will eat a vegetarian dish called jai. Although the various ingredients in jai are root vegetables or fibrous vegetables, many people attribute various superstitious aspects to them. Other foods include a whole fish, to represent togetherness and abundance, and a chicken for prosperity. The chicken must be presented with a head, tail and feet to symbolize completeness. Noodles should be uncut, as they represent long life. In south China, the favorite and most typical dishes were nian gao, sweet steamed glutinous rice（糯米）pudding and zong zi (glutinous rice wrapped up in reed（芦苇）leaves), another popular delicacy. In the north, steamed-wheat bread (man tou) and small meat dumplings were the preferred food. The tremendous amount of food prepared at this time was meant to symbolize abundance and wealth for the household. The 15-Day Celebration of Chinese New YearThe first day of the Lunar New Year is the welcoming of the gods of the heavens and earth.Many people abstain from meat on the first day of the new year because it is believed that this will ensure long and happy lives for them.On the second day, the Chinese pray to their ancestors as well as to all the gods. They are extra kind to dogs and feed them well as it is believed that the second day is the birthday of al