宾语从句公开课教案

公开课教案执教人：撒拉溪中学 周礼秀2014年9月17日The teaching contents(教学内容)：Object Clauses(宾语从句)The teaching goals(教学目标)：1.掌握宾语从句的慨念，构成和用法.2.掌握宾语从句的三类引导词3. 掌握宾语从句的时态变化4. 掌握宾语从句的语序The teaching important points(教学重点)1.宾语从句的慨念2.宾语从句的引导词3.宾语从句的语序4.宾语从句的时态变化The teaching difficult points(教学难点)1.宾语从句的时态变化2.if和wether的区别3. when与if的用法The teaching process(教学过程)Step 1.Lead-in复习书上的内容导入新课（P9）, (叫学生划分这些句子的成分,引出该堂课的教学内容宾语从句)Step 2. Presentaion一. 概念：置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。如：,He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)He began to think about what he should do. 他开始考虑应当怎样做。(介词宾语)。（此外，除了谓语动词、介词能带宾语从句外，动词不定式，动名词形式后面也能带宾语从句，还有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。）二.结构：主语+谓语+连接词+宾语从句三.种类：根据引词不同，宾语从句可分为三类。1.由that引导的宾语从句。如果宾语从句是由陈述句充当，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：The teacher said (that) he is a good student .The teacher said (that )the earth goes round the sun。The teacher said (that) light travels much faster than sound.(举此例是为下面讲时态作铺垫)2.由if或whether引导的当宾语从句。如果宾语从句是由一般疑问句充当，就用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：I dont know if whether it will rain today。在宾语从句中，if和whether通常可以互换，但在下列情况下只能用whether：在具有选择意义，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether（ifor not也可以使用）。如：I dont know whether or not it will rain today。(=I dont know if it will rain or not today。在介词之后用whether。如：Im thingking about whether it will rain today.若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：Please let me know if it will rain today.可理解为：aPlease let me know whether it will rain today.请告诉我今天会不会下雨。bIf it will rain today.，please let me know如果今天会下雨，请告诉我。whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：Whether it will rain or not today，Icant say今天会不会下雨，我说不上来。引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：Whether it will rain or not today is still a question今天会不会下雨还是个问题。The question is whether it will rain or not today问题是今天会不会下雨。在不定式前用whether。如：I havent decided whether to go to Beijing in National Day.(= I havent decided to whether/if I would go to Beijing in National Day.3.由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。如果宾语从句是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如：I want to know how you studied English before.I want to know why he didnt come yesterday.I want to know where he will go tomorrow.I want to know what you are doing now.I want to know what you were doing this time yesterday.I want to know when you go to school in the morning.She wanted to know how you studied English before.She wanted to know why he didnt come yesterday.She wanted to know where he would go tomorrow.She wanted to know what you were doing then.She wanted to know what you were doing this time yesterday.She wanted to know when you go to school in the morning.She wanted to know what your names are.注意：if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟是引导什么从句。如：If it rains tomorrow, I wont come.（时间状语从句）I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. （宾语从句）I want to know when you go to school in the morning. （宾语从句）When you go to school,please tell me. （时间状语从句）4.归纳总结：当宾语从句是由陈述句充时，用that引导；当宾语从句是由一般疑问句充当时，用if或whether引导；如果宾语从句是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。四. 时态（一致性原则）引导学生从所举例子当中归纳总结得出：含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要根据需要，选用过去（即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时）的某一种形式。(详见下表)主句时态 从句时态 连接前连接后 一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时 过去完成时3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：五.语序：陈述句语序。(引导学生从例子中归纳总结得出)六. 宾语从句的否定转移。当主句的谓语动词为think, guess, suppose, believe等，且主语为第一人称时，从句若表示否定，一般将否定词not转移到主句的谓语中，这就叫作“否定转移”。如：“我认为他不是一个好学生”这句话不能说成I think （that） he is not a good student.而是要说成I dont think （that） he is a good student.但是如果动词为非一般现在时或主语不是第一人称时，否定不转移。如：She thinks（that）he is not a good student.I thought ( that) he is not a good student.七从句的简化1. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet was lying on the ground.She found the wallet lying on the ground.2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.3. 在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the station? Can you tell me how to get to the station?八.人称的变化和标点的使用(八年级学直接引语转化成间接引语时讲过，这里不重点讲，只作简单的复习)1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如： “May I use your knife?” He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number?” He asked me.He asked me if I know her telephone number.2. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Who will give us a talk? I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk.Do you know? Where does he live? Do you know where he lives?Step 3、Practice【中考范例】1. Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived （北京市中考试题）【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，所以应选D。2. Would you please tell me _? （上海市徐汇区中考试题） A. when did he come home B. where he would play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。3. I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave （哈尔滨市中考试题）【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是宾