宾语从句讲解完整ppt课件

MainlyRevision,ObjectClauses,宾语从句,张丽华,一教学任务复习宾语从句二教学重点1.宾语从句的概念2.宾语从句的引导词3.宾语从句中的语序4.宾语从句的时态变化,教学难点1.if与whether的区别2.when与if引导的宾语从句和状语从句3.宾语从句与简单句的互换,.,问题一:什么是宾语?,宾语表示及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系的对象,常由名词或相当与名词的词担任,置于及物动词或介词（动词词组）后。,Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）HowishegettingalongwithhisEnglish?Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Iaminterestedinplayingpiano.Heboughtmeapen.(双宾语）Wekeepitasecret.Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）.,.,宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。Ilikemyteacher.Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）IknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）Sheaskediftheanswerwasright.(句子作宾语）,.,Weknowhim,WeknowhelikesEnglish.,主s,主s,谓v,谓v,宾o,宾o,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,简单句,复合句,试比较,问题二:什么是宾语从句?,.,Healwayspaysattentiontowhatevertheteachersays.,Hetalkedofhowhehelpedtheoldman.,Iamsure(that)youlookednicethatevening.Heisafraid(that)hecantgotonight.,Ithink(that)yourclothesfitwell.,Hecouldnttellmewherehishomewas.,DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航员)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.Pleasetellmewhereshehasgone.Idontknowifhewillcometonight.Letsfindoutwhatsontonight.,FindouttheObjectClauses,WeareproudofthatBeijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.,.,二、宾语从句三要素,连接词,时态呼应,陈述语序,thatif/whether特殊疑问词,连接词+主语+谓语+其他,.,（that）+陈述句Hethinks,“Lucylikesschool.”Hethinks(that）Lucylikesschool.2.if/whether+一般疑问句Heasked,“WasLucylateagain?”HeaskedifLucywaslateagain.3.特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句Heasksme,“WhenwillLucycome?”HeasksmewhenLucywillcome.,.,that,当陈述句充当宾语时，由_连接,练一练,1.Thisisabook.-Iknow2.Youlikesinging.-Shesays3.Heworkedlastnight.-Iknow4.Theywillgohome.-TellLucy,主句,.,(2)DoesKategetupearly?Doyouknow?,Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?,(1)IsJimagoodstudent?Idontknow,Idontknowif/whetherJimisagoodstudent.,当一般疑问句充当宾语，由_连接,if/whether,.,练一练,1.Ishereading?1）Wasshelateyesterday?2.DoesTomworkhard?2)DidyouwatchTV?3.Willtheyreadbooks?3)Canyousing?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknow3.Theteacherasks,if/whether,.,注意：只能用whether不用if的三种情况一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：1.与ornot连用：HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.2.在介词之后：Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.3.在不定式之前：Wehaventdecidedwhethertogothere.4.作主语只能用whetherWhetherhewillcomeisnotdecided.,.,3.当特殊疑问句充当宾语时，由_连接,Eg:,1.Whatisshedoing?Canyoutellme?,Canyoutellmewhatsheisdoing?,2.Wheredoesshelive?Doyouknow?,Doyouknowwhereshelives?,特殊疑问词,.,练一练,Whatisthis?Whatareyoudoing?Wheredoyoulive?Whendoeshegetup?Howdidyougotowork?Whowillyouplaywith?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknow3.Canyoutellme,HelensaysthatshewilllearnFrenchnextyear.Doyouknowwherehecomesfrom?HeaskedmeifIcouldgettothebusstationontime.,三.宾语从句的语序-陈述语序,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。,.,练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：1.Isthereabanknearhere?2.IsitonFifthAvenue?3.Aretheydoinghomework?,Thereisabanknearhere,ItisonFifthAvenue,Theyaredoinghomework,.,4.Doessheworkinahospital?5.DidyougotoCenterPark?6.Dowehavetowearauniform?,sheworksinahospital,youwenttoCenterPark,wehavetowearauniform,wecanwearhatsinschool,7.Canwewearhatsinschool?,.,8.Wheresyourpenpalfrom?9.Wheredoeshelive?10.Whatlanguagedoesshespeak?11.Whydoyoulikepandas?,Whereyourpenpalisfrom,Wherehelives,Whatlanguageshespeaks,Whyyoulikepandas,将下列问句变成陈述句1.Whotellsyouthenews?Canyoutellme2.Whichisthewaytothebank?Iwanttoknow3.Whatswrongwithyou?Iwonder4.Whathappenedtoyou?Heaskedme5.Whichisthewaytothestation?Pleasetellme.?想一想为什么这些句子的语序不变？,四.宾语从句的时态变化,填一填,was,is,willcook,issinging,hasbeen,wasplaying,hadlearned,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）,1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.,1)HetoHongKong.,2)Hesick.3)Heabook.4)Hehiswork.,辨一辨,wouldgo,was,wasreading,hadfinished,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从句时态,连接前,连接后,一般现在时,时态由从句决定,一般过去时,一般现在时work,一般过去时worked,一般过去时worked,过去完成时hadworked,一般将来时willwork,过去将来时wouldwork,现在进行时isworking,过去进行时wasworking,现在完成时haveworked,过去完成时hadworked,3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）,Hetoldme(that),SummerisafterSpring.,Iwastold(that),thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.,Myparentstoldme(that),nonewsisgoodnews.,比一比,比一比IdontknowwhereIshouldgo.TellmehowIcandoit.Idontknowwheretogo.Tellmehowtodoit.你有什么发现？结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句疑问词+todo的简单句。条件：(1).主主从主(2).主(间)宾从主,五.宾语从句与简单句的转换,.,练一练1.IdontknowwhatIshalldonext.(变为简单句Idontknow_next.2.Johndidntdecidewhichbookhewouldbuy.(变为简单句）Johndidntdecide_.3.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebusstop?(变为复合句）Canyoutellme_thebusstop?4.PleasetellLucyhowtousetheMP5.(变为复合句）CanyoutellLucy_theMP5.,Whattodo,whichbooktobuy,howIcangetto,howshecanuse,.,1.Couldyoutellmewegettotheplace?AhowBwhetherCwhereDwhat2.Theteachersaysshewillleaveamessageontheheadmastersdesk.AifBwhoCthatDwhat3.Iamnotsure_hewillcometomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.who4.-Doyouremember_hecame?-Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if,A,C,解题指导一：判断语义，选择连接词,Exercises:,B,A,.,5.Doyouknowhowmuchhotwater?AMumisneededBdoesMumneedCMumneedsDdidMumneed6.Canyoutellme?AwhereheisBwhereisheCheiswhereDwhatishe7.Iwanttoknowhowlong.AhashebeenbackBhashecomebackChehasbeenbackDhehascomeback,C,A,C,解题指导二：陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语，,.,8.Ithoughthe_toseehismotherifhe_time.AwillgohasBwillgowillhaveCwouldgowouldhaveDwouldgohad9.Doyouknow?A.whatthenewsareB.whatisthenewsC.whatthenewsisD.whatarethenews,.,解题指导三:时态呼应若主句时态是现在时态，宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定；若主句是过去时态，宾语从句的时态要用过去的某个时态，客观真理除外。,8.IdidntknowhowtoLondon?AwouldtheygoBaretheygoingCtheywouldgoDtheyaregoing,C,.,()1Thegirlsaskedifthey_somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake()2Catherinesaidthatshe_toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen()3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey_dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are,.,（）4SheaskedLindaif_goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay()5Lindasaidthemoon_roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled,.,()1Canyoutellme_youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that()2Idontknow_theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where()3Ihardlyunderstand_hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who()4Shedidntknow_backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe,.,()5Idontknow_hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when()6Doyouknow_theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow()7Heaskedme_toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose,.,()2.Pleasetellme_lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked()3.SheaskedmeifIknew_.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit()4.Youmustremember_.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid,.,()5Didyouknow_?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter()6Couldyoutellme_?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing,.Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.4Doyouknowwhocaritis?,was,is,whose,六.课堂检测,.,4Lilysmotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind_?whatLilywasB.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLily,C,3.Wedontknow_.-ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere,C,.,5Thegirlsaskedifthey_somefoodanddrinkwiththem.,A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake,6Lindasaidthemoon_roundtheearth.,A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelled,A,C,.,7.Couldyoupleasetellme_hewillcomeheretomorrow?A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.which,A,8.Couldyoutellme_?,A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijing,B.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijing,C.whentheywillleaveBeijing,D.whendidtheyleaveBeijing,