初中定语从句完整精心完全版改ppt课件

.,定语从句,.,什么是定语从句呢？,答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,结构：先行词+关系词+句子,.,Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.,先行词,_,_,关系词,_,定语从句,.,thetallthestrongtheclever,boy,TheboyisTom.,TheboywhoistallisTom.,TheboywhoisstrongisTom,TheboywhoiscleverisTom,.,TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.,TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.,TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语),TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.,TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.,TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.,.,Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.,Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语),Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.,Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.,Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.,.,apple,theredthegreenthesmallthebig,Theapplewhichisredismine.,Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.,Theapplewhichisredissmall,Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.,.,Canyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.,Canyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?,.,Thisisadream.Thedreamwillnevercometrue.,Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.,Thedoghasbeenfound.Thedogwaslost.,Thedogwhichwaslosthasbeenfound.,Practise:Thisisthehouse_isforsale.2.Thebook_islyingonthefloorismine.,which/that作主语.(不能省),（作主语）,which,which,.,which/that作宾语：（可省略）,Thisisthecard.Ivejustreceivedthecard.,Thisisthecard（which/thatIvejustreceived.,Practise:Thisisthemistake_Ialwaysmake.Istillkeeptheletters_shewrotetome.Ilostthepen_whichmyfatherboughtme.,),（作宾语）,which/that,which,which,.,关系代词who,that,whom引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who,that(作主语或宾语)whom(作宾语),.,who/that作主语.(不能省),Thisisthefilmstar.ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.,ThisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinChina.(作主语),Theboy_brokethewindowiscalledRoy.Doyouknowtheman_spokeatthemeetingyesterday?Thegirl_iswateringtheflowersismycousin.,/that,who,who,who,.,who/whom/that作宾语：(可省略),Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.,Theman_hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.(作宾语）,Theboy_Imlookingforismyfriend.,whose作定语,表示所属关系。,Theboyismyclassmate.Theboysfatherisapoliceman.,Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.,(who/whom/that),(who(m),.,例题分析,Achild_parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).A.whoB.whoseC.whosD.which,.,关系词,关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why,关系代词的用法：,注意：在定语从句中充当宾语的关系词可以省略,小结：,.,有时只能用that,不用which,常见的情况有5种：,当先行词是all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,noone或被它们修饰时。ThatsallthatIknow.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.,.,ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.3.当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。ThatstheonlythingthatIcandonow.Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.4.当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用that,而不用which或who.Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?Whichisthepenthatyoulost?,.,5.先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.,.,例句赏析,.,Itsaninventionwhich/thatisusedforkeepingofftherain.,.,飘,Itsabookthat/whichwaswrittenbyMargaretMitchell.,Gonewiththewind,.,ItstheWallthat/whichwasbuiltbyChinesepeople.,.,Itsananimalthat/which.,.,Itsananimalthat/whichhasbignose.,.,Matchthetwosentences1.Imreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._3.Idontliketheman.Heissmoking._4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._,Imreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.,Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.,Idontlikethemanwhoissmoking.,Whereisthepicturethatyouboughtlastweek?,.,Exercise1:用关系代词填空,Theboy_isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.Thee-mail_Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.Ihatepeople_talkmuchbutdolittle.Thecar_myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.,who/that,which/that,who/that,which/that,.,5.Theman_hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein_wehavelivedfor10years.8.Iveneverheardofthepeopleandthings_youtalkedaboutjustnow.,whose,whose,which,that,当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.,.,Exercise2.,Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings_theycouldntremember.Sayall_youknow.Isthereanything_Icandoforyou?,that,that,that,当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.,.,4.Thisisthefirstplay_IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_Ihaveread.,that,that,当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.,6.Whoisthegirl_isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine_weusedlastSunday.,当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.,that,that,.,关系副词：when/where/why,.,when作时间状语:Shewillneverforgettheday.Shewasmarriedonthatday.,Shewillneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)shewasmarried.,Itwastheyear.TheWorldWarIbrokeoutintheyear.,Itwastheyearwhen(=inwhich)theWorldWarIbrokeout.,When=介词+which,.,where作地点状语,Iwanttoknowtheplace.Iwasbornthere.,Iwanttoknowtheplacewhere(=inwhich)Iwasborn.,Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheissittingisanewone.,where=介词+which,.,why作原因状语,其先行词常常是thereason.,Thatisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Imlate.,Iknowthereasonwhyhesaidit.,why=forwhich,.,Exercise,1.October1,1949istheday_thePRCwasfounded.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat2.Isthatthereason_youarefortheplan.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat,.,3.Isthistheplace_youwereborn?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that4.Theboy_hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoorB.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoorD.thatlivesnextdoor,.,挑战高难度！,.,1.Isthistheplace_youwereborn?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that2.Isthistheplace_someGermanfriendsvisitedlastyear?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.why,.,3.Thehouse_thefamouswriterwrotehisworksisamuseumnow.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that4.Thehouse_thefamouswriterboughtmanyyearsagoisamuseumnow.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.why,.,5.Hetoldherthereason_whyheisunhappy,butshedoesntbelievethereason_hegivesher.A.why;whyB.why;whichC.that;whyD.which;why,.,定语从句易错点,易错点一：关系代词和关系副词的混用例1.IllneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinNewYorkwithyou.,将when改为which/that,例2.IllneverforgetthedayswhichIvisitedNewYorkwithyou.,将which改为when,易错点二：固定句式出差错例3.Maryissolovelyagirlaseverybodylovesher.,将as改为that,例4.Maryissolovelyagirlthateverybodyloves.,将that改为as,.,易错点三：主谓不一致例5.Tomisoneofthestudentswholikesswimming.,将likes改为like,例6.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswholikeswimming.,将like改为likes,易错点四：与强调句型及其他句型的混合例7.Wasitintheshopthatyouboughttherecorderthatyoulostyourpen？,将第一个that改为where,例8.Youdbettermakeamarkatwhereyouhaveanyquestions.,将at去掉或者在at后面加上theplace,.,易错点五：对先行词概念不明确例9.Isthislibrarythatyouvisitedyesterday？,在that前面加上theone,例10.Isthisthelibrarywhereyouvisitedyesterday？,将where改为which/that,易错点六：特殊名词作先行词时关系词的选取错误例11.Idontlikethewaywhichyouspeaktoher.,将which改为inwhich/that/省略,例12.Idontcareforpay.IjustwanttogetajobthatIcanbegreatlyvalued.,将that改为where,.,易错点七：介词前置出差错例17.ThetwothingswithwhichMarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidioms.,将which改为about/of,例18.Tellhimallthethingstowhichheshouldpayattention.,将to移到attention后面,注意：在定语从句中前置的介词必须和后面的动词或形容词构成固定搭配但并不是所有的固定搭配中的介词都可前置,.,易错点八：which和whose的意义不明确例19.Thebookwhichcoverisbrokenisofgreathelptoallofus.,将which改为whose,例20.Thebookofwhosecoverisbrokenisofgreathelptoallofus.,将whose改为which,小结：whose+n.(指人）=the+n.+ofwhom=ofwhom+the+n.whose+n.(指物）=the+n.+ofwhich=ofwhich