上外课件：Unit 01_A (第六册,英语综合教程,外教社).ppt

Unit1TechnologyinReverse,TextExplanationPartI,AbouttheAuthor,RobertJacobSamuelson(bornDecember23,1945)isacontributingeditorofNewsweekandTheWashingtonPostwherehehaswrittenaboutbusinessandeconomicissuessince1977.Hiscolumnsappearinbothpublications.HisarticlesalsoappearintheLosAngelesTimes,TheBostonGlobe,andotherinfluentialnewspapers.,TextStructure,Section1:Paragraph1Section2:Paragraphs2-4Section3:Paragraph5Section4:Paragraph6Section5:Paragraph7Section6:Paragraph8Section7:Paragraph9Section8:Paragraphs10-11,TextAnalysis,InPara1theauthordefinesretardedtechnology.InPara2-4hecomparese-bookswithold-fashionedbooksinanattempttoshowthedisadvantagesoftheformer.Para5offersathirdexamplethatprovesthatretardedtechnologycreatesnewandexpensivewaysofdoingthingsthatwereoncedonesimplyandinexpensively.Para6expressestheauthorsdoubtaboutthepro-technologytheory.Para7classifiestechnologicalinnovationsaseitherusefulorwasteful.Parag8exploresthereasonwhypeoplearefrivolousaboutretardedtechnology.Para9implieshowpeopledenytheirfrivolity.Para10-11providetheconclusion,Paragraph1,Bycontrast,retardedtechnologycreatesnewandexpensivewaysofdoingthingsthatwereoncedonesimplyandinexpensively.Worse,itencouragesustodothingsthatdontneeddoingatall.Ithasmadewasterespectable,elaborate,alluringandevenfun.,retard,(v.)slowthegrowthordevelopmentof,causetomovemoreslowlyoroperateataslowerrateColdweatherretardsthegrowthofthecrops.寒冷的天气妨碍了庄稼生长。Lackofsunretardsplantgrowth.光照不足则植物生长缓慢。retarded(adj.)relativelyslowinmentaloremotionalorphysicaldevelopment,efficiently,(adv.)inanefficientmannerefficient+ly-efficientlyantonym:deficientlyThepolicehandlethetrafficveryefficiently.警察把交通管得井井有条。Inordertoefficientlymanagesuchextensivequantityofdata,theprogramofferanotherexcitingnewfeature.为了高效地管理这么大量的数据，程序提供了另外一个令人激动的新特征。,effective,efficient,effective:有效用的。Histeachingwasnotveryeffective.他的教学效果不好。/Thenewinterestratebecomeseffectivenextmonth.新的利率下个月开始生效/Thismedicine,takenintime,canbeveryeffective.这种药如果及时吃会很有效。/Myheadacheismuchbetter.Thosetabletsreallyareeffective.我的头疼好多了，那些药片的确很有效。efficient:效率高的，(可指人)。Heneedsanefficientsecretary他需要一个高效率的秘书。/Thedieselengineishighlyefficient.这台柴油机效率很高。/Ourefficientnewmachinesaremuchcheapertorun.我们高效率的新机器开起来要便宜得多。,respectable,(adj.)characterizedbyproperbehaviororconventionalconduct;worthyofrespect/deservingofesteemandrespect/largeinamountorextentordegreeItsnotrespectabletobedrunkonthestreet.在大街上醉倒是不体面的。Heisarespectableman.他是个受人尊敬的人。Westillhavearepsectableamountoffoodsupply.我们的食物还相当充足。,elaborate,(v.)adddetails,astoanaccountoridea;clarifythemeaningofanddiscourseinalearnedway,usuallyinwriting;(adj.)markedbycomplexityandrichnessofdetail;developedorexecutedwithcareandinminutedetailOrthodoxChristianchurchesoftenhaveelaboratesteeples.传统的基督教堂都有精致的尖塔。Thecurtainshadanelaboratepatternofflowers窗帘上绘有精美的花卉图案。Whatyouvetoldmeofyourplansoundsmostinteresting;wouldyoucaretoelaborateit?你给我讲的这个计划很有意思，你能详细地谈一谈吗？,alluring,(adj.)activeorexcitingYetanotherofPlutosalluringfeaturesisitsbizarreatmosphere.冥王星另一诱人的特色，是其诡异的大气层。IfNaturesparadisesoundsalluring,makeapointofvisitingSouthIsland.如果大自然中的天堂听起来让你觉得有吸引力，那么别忘了到南岛去玩一玩。,Paragraph2,Ontheonehand,youcanbuya$900or$9,000book-readingcomputerthatyoucanfeedwith$20discsofyourfavoritebooks.Ifyoutakeittothebeach,itgetscloggedwithsand.Ifitslipsoffthekitchencounter,itsamshes.,boom,(n.)astateofeconomicprosperity;(v.)growstrongerTheeconomywasbooming.Theaftermathofthewarwasnotaboom,butaruraldepression.战争的结果不是繁荣和兴旺，而是农村经济的不景气。Thebabyboomcreatedabulgeinschoolenrollment.生育高峰造成学校入学人数的暴涨。,customized,(adj.)madeaccordingtorequirements;madeaccordingtothespecificationsofanindividualThecompanyprovidescustomizedprocessingofvariousexternalaccessories.本公司对外提供定制加工各种配件。Thewordcustomizedreferstoaproduct/servicewhichismadetoacustomersspecification.“定做”一词指的是按照顾客要求的规格制作产品或提供服务。,swell,(adj.)verygoodorpleasant;(v.)increaseinsize,magnitude,number,orintensityHereisanswellideaofretardedtechnology!Addalittleoiltothepan,continuetobakeuntiltheeggsinsidethecakeswell.在锅里加一点油，继续烘烤直到里面的鸡蛋膨胀开来。,cumbersome,(adj.)difficulttohandleoruseespeciallybecauseofsizeorweight;notelegantorgracefulinexpressionItsrathercumbersomehavingtocarryallthesecasesaround.把这些箱子都带着走动是件相当麻烦的事。Yourarticleistoocumbersome.Lopoffthoserepeatedandemptywords.你的文章太冗长了。把那些重复的，空洞的话都删掉。,clog,becomeorcausetobecomeobstructed;impedethemotionof,aswithachainoraburdenDontclog(up)yourmindwithuselessinformation.不要让你的头脑被无用的讯息所阻碍。Additonally,besuretouseskin-careproductsthatwontclogyourpores.另外“你要确定你用的护肤产品不会堵塞你的毛孔。”,smash,breakintopieces,asbystrikingorknockingover;hitviolentlyIncaseofemergency,smashtheglasscoverandpressthebutton.遇到紧急情况时，击碎玻璃罩并摁下按钮。TheBeatleshadmoresmashhitsthananyrockbandinhistory.披头四是有史以来出最多畅销歌曲的摇滚乐队。,Paragraph3,Ontheotherhand,youcanbuyanold-fashionedbook.Ifyoudontlikeit,youcanstopreadingwithouthatingyourselfforeverbuyingit.Lostingitisnotatraumatizingevent.fragile,durable,existingforalongtime;verylonglastingItcallsforadurablesolutioninthearea.在该地区需要一个持久的解决方法。Wemustmakeadurablepeace.我们必须缔造持久的和平。PresidentBushstressedonceagainthatwhilehewouldliketoseetheviolenceend,anycease-firemustbedurableandrespectedbyall.布什总统再次强调，虽然他希望暴力冲突结束，但是任何停火必须是能够持久的，而且受到所有各方的尊重。,traumatize,(v.)inflictatraumaupontrauma(n.)anyphysicaldamagetothebodycausedbyviolenceoraccidentorfractureetc./anemotionalwoundorshockoftenhavinglong-lastingeffectsOkwellhaveyouthoughtabouthowthiscouldtraumatizeBenandCarol?好吧！你有没有想过这会伤害本和卡罗尔的心？Thesepeoplehastheserioustraumaduetotheearthquake.这些人因为地震受到严重的精神创伤。,Paragraph4,Thepro-technologycomebackisthatcomputerswillsomedaycompressentirelibrariesontochipsordiscsand,thereby,openvastvistasofinformationtoalmostanyone.Finally,therescommonsense:domostpeoplereallyneedaccessto,say,theentirecollectionoftheNewYorkPulblicLibrary?,compress,makemorecompactbyorasifbypressing;squeezeorpresstogetherTheyusedanaircompressortotakeinatmosphericair,compressit,andforceitintothecabin.他们用一台空气压缩机把大气中的空气吸进来，加以压缩，然后送入船舱。Itcanbeusedtocompressapackage,makingmorecargofitinacarrier.它可以用来压紧包裹，使得一件行李中装进更多的东西。,vista,thevisualperceptofaregionHecouldseethroughthewindowsavistaofgreenfields.透过窗户他可以看到碧绿的田野风光。Thisdiscoveryopenupnewvistaofresearchforbiologist.这一发现为生物学家展示了新的研究前景。Thedaysstretchoutinanendlessvista.时日在无穷的展望中延展着.,arithmetic,(n.)thebranchofpuremathematicsdealingwiththetheoryofnumericalcalculations,算术(adj.)relatingtoorinvolvingarithmeticOthermathematicsbranches:Algebra代数,Geometry几何,Calculous微积分,simultaneously,(adv.)atthesameinstantOnlyhumanshaveabrainbigenoughtodothissimultaneouslyanddoitwell.只有人类的脑袋够大，同时去做这多样东西，而且做得很好。Everythingintheuniverseexistsatonetimesimultaneously.宇宙中的一切在一个时间内同时存在。Thismakespeoplealmostreceiveinformationsimultaneouslyorintime.这使人们几乎得以同时或即刻收到讯息。,terminal,electronicequipmentconsistingofadeviceprovidingaccesstoacomputer;hasakeyboardanddisplay终端；stationwheretransportvehiclesloadorunloadpassengersorgoods终点DatasentbetweentheTerminalserverandtheclientcanbeencryptedforsecurity.终端服务器和客户端之间发送的数据可以加密以确保安全。YourTerminalServerclientlicensenumberiscurrentlybeingusedbyanotheruser.你的终端服务器客户许可证目前正在被另一个用户使用。,bottleneck,(n.)thenarrowpartofabottlenearthetop;anarrowingthatreducestheflowthroughachannel;(v.)slowdownorimpedebycreatinganobstructionHislazinesshasbottleneckedoureffortstoreformthesystem.Howeveritisthebottleneckthatrestrainsmedicalimageapplicationinclinicalpractice.,access,therighttoenter;therighttoobtainormakeuseofortakeadvantageofsomething(asservicesormembership);awayofenteringorleavingCheckyouraccesspermissionsonthisresource.检查您对该资源的访问权限。Thiswizardwillletyouchangeaccesstoasharedfolder.使用该向导可更改对共享文件夹的访问权限。Thisresortiseasilyaccessiblebyroad,railandair.,Paragraph5,Insteadofa10-centpressreleasethattooktwodaystoprepareand29centstomail,Igeta$4.50tapethatcost$2tomailandtwomonthstoprepare.ToviewthemwouldrequirefindingaVCRandwastingfiveto10minuteswatching.,bombard,throwbombsatorattackwithbombs;addresswithcontinuouslyorpersistently,asifwithabarrageThereportersbombardthepresidentwithquestionsabouthiseconomicpolicy.新闻记者提出许多有关经济政策的问题围攻总统Thenewjournalisbombardedwithlettersofcriticismfromthesubscribers.订阅者的批评信使这份新杂志感到措手不及。,promotional,oforrelatingtoservingaspublicity;oforrelatingtoadvancementPerhapsIcouldsendyousomepromotionalmaterialonHangzhou.也许我可以给你寄一些介绍杭州的旅游资料。Bettyproposedanewpromotionaladcampaignthatshouldboostsales.贝蒂提出了一个新的可以推进销售的奖励性广告活动。,toss,theactofflippingacoin;tothrowsomethingcarelesslytossandturn翻来覆去难以入睡；辗转反侧Iwouldtossthemintothesea.我会把它们统统地扔进大海。Letstossupwhoplaysfirst.我们来掷硬币决定谁先玩吧。Elsewhere,itisatoss-up.在别处，这是碰运气的事。,Paragraph6,Iamnotabouttoarguethatalltechnologyisbad.Oursisaneraofconspicuoustechnologicalupheaval.Butthepurportedgainsofnewtechnology-risingincomes,greaterproductivity-seemtoeludeus.thecomputerrevolution,whosefullbenefitswillsoonburstuponus.,conspicuous,obvioustotheeyeormind;withoutanyattemptatconcealment;completelyobviousHewasconspicuousamonghiscolleagues.他在同事中是出类拔萃的。Thebuildingisconspicuousforitsstyle.这个建筑风格独特，很显眼。Onlyunderthedualguidanceofschoolandfamilycanconspicuouseffectsbeachieved.只有在学校和家长的双重引导下,才能产生显著的效果。,upheaval,astateofviolentdisturbanceanddisorder(asinpoliticsorsocialconditionsgenerally);aviolentdisturbanceMassunemploymentmayleadtosocialupheaval.大批失业会导致社会动乱。ItwasfacedwiththegreatestsocialupheavalsinceWorldWarll.它面临第二次世界大战以来最大的社会动乱。Manyyearsago,Johnsonfacedamajorupheavalinhislife.许多年前，约翰逊遭遇生命中的剧变。,purported,commonlyputforthoracceptedastrueoninconclusivegroundsApurportedbiographyofhimisafake.“所谓的有关他的传记是伪造的。”Theletterpurportedtobefromthegovernor.据称,该信来自州长。purport(v.)proposeorintendHisplansarenotwhattheypurporttobe.他的计划并不如他们所声称的那样。,elude,escape,eitherphys