黑龙江省东南联合体2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）

黑龙江省东南联合体2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）第一部分：单项选择(共 20 小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 从 a、b、c、d 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.lets go to _ cinema , which will take your mind off the problem for _ while.a. the ,theb. the, ac. a, thed. a, a【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：我们去看电影吧！这会让你的注意力远离这个问题一段时间。第一空为固定词组go to the cinema“去看电影”；第二空也是固定词组for a while“一会儿”。故选b。2.the child is so full of _ that he cant keep quiet.a. strengthb. energyc. powerd. force【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这孩子精力充沛，无法保持安静。a. strength力量；b. energy精力；活力；c. power权利；能力；d. force武力。根据句意故选b。3.after the earthquake, the first thing the government did was to provide _for the homeless families.a. accommodationb. resourcesc. furnitured. recreation【答案】a【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：地震后，政府做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供住处。a. accommodation住处；b. resources资源；物力；c. furniture家具；d. recreation反应。根据句意故选a。4.tack, this is the third time that you have been late this week.-sorry, sir, but i was _ in the traffic congestion for 15 minutes.a. held outb. held onc. held upd. held off【答案】d【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：tack，这是你这周第三次迟到了。对不起，先生，我因为交通阻塞被耽搁了15分钟。a. held out坚持；伸出；b. held on继续；坚持；c. held up举起；提出；d. held off耽误；拖延。根据句意故选d。5.its surprising that your brother _ english so quickly in this foreign company.a. makes upb. puts upc. looks upd. picks up【答案】d【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你弟弟在这家外国公司里英语学得这么快，真令人惊讶。a. makes up弥补；组成；b. puts up建造；举起；c. looks up查询；d. picks up学会；捡起。根据句意故选d。6.his speech was so _that we were deeply _ at it.a. impressed, impressingb. impressive, impressedc. impressed, impressedd. impressive, impressing【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：他的演讲给我们留下了深刻的印象。impressed 意为“印象深刻的；钦佩的”，一般主语是人，指某人（被某物/人）留下深刻印象；impressing 意为“印象深的”，但一般不作形容词使用，一般作动词 impress 的现在分词使用；impressive 意为“给人以深刻印象的；感人的”，一般主语是人或物，指某物/人（给其他人）留下深刻印象。故第一空为impressive，第二空为impressed。故选b。7.with more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good land _ each year.a. is washing awayb. are washing awayc. is being washed awayd. are being washed away【答案】d【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：随着森林日渐被毁，每年都有大量优质土壤流失。quantities of + n. + 谓语，意为“许多”，其谓语一定用复数形式，a quantity of + n.+ 谓语，意为“许多”，其谓语用单数，排除a、c项；又因为 wash away 和 good earth 是被动关系。故正确答案为d。【点睛】英语中有许多词语可用来表示“许多”，根据性质可分为三大类：1）修饰可数名词复数形式的有 many，a good/great many，quite a few，a large(或great)/small number of 等，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。另外 many a/an 修饰可数名词，其后接单数可数名词，形式上为单数，其作主语时谓语用单数，意义上为复数，相当于 many + 可数名词复数。如：a great/good many words and expressions have come into the language from american english. 美国英语中的许多单词和短语进入了这门语言。many a student has failed the exam. 许多学生这次考试不及格。2）修饰不可数名词的有 much，a great deal of，quite a little，an amount of 等。其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如： he has spent much/quite a little/a great deal of/a large amount of money on his new house. 他在新房子上花费了许多钱。3）既能修饰可数名词，又能修饰不可数名词的有 a lot of，lots of，plenty of 等，谓语动词根据主语是可数或不可数决定单复数形式。另外，a quantity of ，quantities of 也是既能修饰可数名词，又能修饰不可数名词，但其谓语动词要根据 quantity 的单复数而定，即，a quantity of 后谓语用单数，quantities of 后谓语用复数。如：there are a lot of/lots of people in that room. 那个房间里有许多人。8.food supplies in the flood-strucken area _. we must take measures immediately before there is none left.a. are running outb. are running out ofc. have run out ofd. have run out【答案】a【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：洪水灾区的粮食供应正在耗尽。我们必须立即采取措施，否则就会一无所有。由 “before there is none left” 可知，还有食物，只是正在一点点被消耗完，且 run out 无被动语态，应使用现在进行时，意为“即将”，故选a。9.when faced with danger, dont panic, _ you will find a solution.a. orb. butc. sod. and【答案】d【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：当面临危险时，不要惊慌，你会找到解决办法的。a. or或者；b. but但是；c. so因此；d. and并且。根据上下文语境可知为承接关系，故选d。10.i have rarely had any chance to return to my hometown _ i was sent to beijing _ the project.a. since, in the charge ofb. after, in the charge ofc. since, in charge ofd. after, in charge of【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查连词和介词短语。句意：自从我被派到北京负责这个项目以来，我很少有机会回到我的家乡。since+一般过去时的句子，主句一般用完成时，故第一空为since。in charge of“负责；主管”的主语是人，in the charge of“由主管；由负责” 的主语是物，故第二空为in charge of。综上，故选c。11.he has a heart trouble and the doctor finds it difficult _.a. treatingb. in treatingc. to treatd. for treating【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他有心脏病，医生发现很难治疗。根据固定结构“find it+形容词+to do sth.”表示“发现做某事”，故选c。【点睛】特别提醒：1.能用于动词+宾语+宾语补足语结构的动词有see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, think等。2.find+宾语+宾补这一结构中通常不使用动词原形来充当宾语补足语，即没有find+宾语+动词原形这样的结构。12.time _, ill pay a visit to you while i am in your hometown.a. permittingb. permitsc. permittedd. will permit【答案】a【解析】【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：如果时间允许，当我在你的家乡时，我会去拜访你。分析句子可知，没有连词，故判断此处为独立主格结构，permit与time构成主动关系，用现在分词，故选a。13.he asked a lot of questions, most of _ had nothing to do with his study.a. thatb. whichc. themd. what【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查定语从句连接词。句意：他问了很多问题，其中大部分与他的学习无关。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词questions，且先行词在从句中做介词of的宾语，指物，故用关系代词which。故选b。14.i will never forget the day _ i was sent abroad to study.a. thatb. whenc. whichd. in which【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查定语从句连接词。句意：我永远不会忘记我被送到国外学习的那一天。本句为定语从句修饰先行词day，且先行词在从句中做时间状语，故用关系副词when。故选b。15.this major road is _ construction. wed better take an alternative way.a. inb. onc. underd. with【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。句意：这条主干道正在建设中。我们最好走另一条路。固定短语under construction“在建设中；正在施工中”。故选c。16.its requested that a lecture _ on this subject.a. is givenb. should be givenc. will be givend. has been given【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：有人要求就这个问题举行一次讲座。request表示“要求”时引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。故选b。【点睛】后接虚拟语气的常见词1）在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：he ordered that all the books be sent at once.she insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.2）类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：it was appropriate that this tax be abolished.their decision was that the school remain closed.3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。17.yuan long ping is known _ his hybrid rice _ an agricultural scientist.a. for, asb. as, forc. for, tod. to, as【答案】a【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：袁隆平是著名的杂交水稻农业科学家。固定短语be known for sth.“以而出名”，be known as“作为而出名”。故选a。18._ by the youth league, she has made much progress this term.a. to be educatedb. educatingc. being educatedd. educated【答案】d【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：她受过共青团的教育，这学期进步很大。本句中educate与逻辑主语she构成被动关系，且动作已经发生表被动，故应用过去分词做原因状语。故选d。19.on june 17th, an earthquake hit chang ning, _ a lot of villages damaged.a. leftb. to leavec. leavingd. has left【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：6月17日，长宁发生地震，许多村庄受损。分析句子结构可知，leave在本句中用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语earthquake构成主动关系，故用现在分词leaving做结果状语，表示意料之中的结果。故选c。20.it is eating too much junk food _ makes him overweight.a. whichb. whatc. /d. that【答案】d【解析】【详解】考查强调句。句意：吃太多的垃圾食品使他超重。分析句子结构可知，去掉it is与连接词句子成分完整。故可知本句为强调句结构“it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他”，本句中被强调部分为eating too much junk food，故填that。故选d。【点睛】强调句结构。为了突出句子中的某一部分，我们通常会使用某种方法或手段使它突出，以便能引起他人的注意，这就是强调，与此相关的句子就是强调句。强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。其结构为it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他。1、陈述句的强调句型it is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。2、一般疑问句的强调句型，把is/ was提到it前面。3、特殊疑问句的强调句型，被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分?4、not until 句型的强调句句型为：it is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分普通句：he didnt go to bed until/ till his wife came back.强调句：it was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用;因为句型中it is/ was not 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。第二部分：完形填空 (共20小题，每小题1.5分, 共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的a，b，c，d四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡将该项涂黑。once there was a postman, who went back and forth across the village to deliver mail day after day. for him, life is no _21_,and no wonders.one day, he was delivering mail _22_. when he looked up in the sky, he _23_ lost his balance. it was a little stone that made him _24_he looked at the stone, finding it strange but _25_. in his eyes, this stone was like a lost diamond covered with dust. he then placed the stone into his _26_ carefully. because of this stone, his day was lightened. he suddenly had a(n) _27_: i can build a castle(城堡) with such beautiful stones!his life started to be _28_ after that. he still delivered mail, but he _29_ every stone he could find along the way. all those dusty stones, in his eyes, shone like diamonds. little by little, his small bag couldnt _30_ his stones anymore and he _31_ to use a wheelbarrow(手推车) to carry them. people didnt _32_ it when they saw the postman delivering letters with a wheelbarrow full of stones. after having _33_ stones, he started to build his castle. during the daytime, he passed the _34_ of others and during the nighttime, he built his own dream. no one was willing to _35_. but the postman was still _36_ building his castle.after 10 years of _37_ day and night, his dream castle was finally completed. it was a great castle just as he had _38_. this is a real _39_. the postmans name is xue waller. the castle has become a famous one in france. at the entrance, there is a _40_ -i want to know how far a dream stone can go.21. a. wavesb. friendsc. concernsd. success22. a. on timeb. on purposec. as usuald. by the way23. a. actuallyb. quicklyc. finallyd. suddenly24. a. give upb. break inc. fall downd. get out25. a. hopefulb. beautifulc. uselessd. peaceful26. a. bagb. handc. enveloped. car27. a. messageb. factc. excused. thought28. a. safeb. longc. differentd. simple29. a. sawb. collectedc. discoveredd. threw30. a. holdb. turnc. weighd. cover31. a. agreedb. neededc. learnedd. promised32. a. acceptb. ignorec. shared. understand33. a. preciousb. bigc. enoughd. hard34. a. booksb. newsc. plansd. dreams35. a. join inb. grow upc. get offd. hold on36. a. nervouslyb. happilyc. secretlyd. selflessly37. a. walkingb. changingc. receivingd. working38. a. foundb. protectedc. imaginedd. hidden39. a. storyb. placec. programd. test40. a. replyb. sentencec. reasond. principle【答案】21. d 22. c 23. d 24. c 25. b 26. a 27. d 28. c 29. b 30. a 31. b 32. d 33. c 34. d 35. a 36. b 37. d 38. c 39. a 40. b【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一个邮递员偶然被一块石头绊倒，意外发现石头很好看。于是决定收集石头建一座城堡，但是周围的人都不理解也不愿意加入他。经过十年的工作，城堡最终完成了。这是一个真实的故事，在城堡的入口处，有一句话我想知道梦想之石能走多远。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，生活没有成功，也没有奇迹。a. waves海浪；b. friends朋友；c. concerns关心；d. success成功。根据下文and no wonders可知生活没有成功，也没有奇迹。故选d。【22题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一天，他像往常一样送邮件。a. on time按时；b. on purpose故意；c. as usual照例；d. by the way顺便说一句。像往常一样送邮件。故选c。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他仰望天空时，突然失去了平衡。a. actually实际上；b. quickly快地；c. finally最后的；d. suddenly突然。根据下文it was a little stone that可知是突然失去了平衡。故选d。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：是一块小石头使他跌倒了。a. give up放弃；b. break in闯入；c. fall down跌倒；d. get out出去。根据上文lost his balance可知是跌倒。故选c。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他看着那块石头，觉得它很奇怪，但很漂亮。a. hopeful有希望的；b. beautiful美丽的；c. useless无用的；d. peaceful平静地。根据下文this stone was like a lost diamond covered with dust可知石头很漂亮。故选b。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他小心地把石头放进包里。a. bag包；b. hand手；c. envelope信封；d. car汽车。根据下文his small bag可知是放进了包里。故选a。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他突然有了一个想法:我可以用这么漂亮的石头建一座城堡!a. message信息；b. fact事实；c. excuse借口；d. thought想法。根据下文: i can build a castle with such beautiful stones!可知是用这么漂亮的石头建一座城堡的想法。故选d。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，他的生活开始不同了。a. safe安全的；b. long长的；c. different不同的；d. simple简单的。根据句意故选c。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他仍然投递邮件，但他收集了路上能找到的每一块石头。a. saw看见；b. collected收集；c. discovered发现；d. threw扔。根据下文every stone he could find along the way可知是收集了路上能找到的每一块石头。故选b。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，他的小袋子再也装不下石头了，他需要用手推车来搬石头。a. hold保存；握住；b. turn转向；c. weigh称重；d. cover覆盖。根据句意故选a。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，他的小袋子再也装不下石头了，他需要用手推车来搬石头。a. agreed同意；b. needed需要；c. learned学会；d. promised承诺。根据下文to use a wheelbarrow(手推车) to carry them可知是需要手推车来运石头。故选b。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人们看到邮递员推着装满石头的手推车送信时，他们不明白这是怎么回事。a. accept接受；b. ignore忽略；c. share分享；d. understand明白；理解。人们并不理解。故选d。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有了足够的石头后，他开始建造他的城堡。a. precious宝贵的；b. big大的；c. enough足够的；d. hard艰难的。根据下文he started to build his castle可知石头收集足够了，故选c。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：白天，他传递别人的梦想，晚上，他建立自己的梦想。a. books书；b. news新闻；c. plans计划；d. dreams梦想。根据下文he built his own dream可知是传递梦想。故选d。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人愿意加入。a. join in加入；b. grow up成长；c. get off动身；d. hold on继续。人们不理解，因此不愿意加入他。故选a。【36题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是邮递员仍在愉快地建造他的城堡。a. nervously紧张地；b. happily快乐地；c. secretly秘密地；d. selflessly无私地。根据句意故选b。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过10年的日以继夜的工作，他的梦想城堡终于建成了。a. walking走路；b. changing改变；c. receiving接收；d. working工作。短语work day and night“日以继夜地工作”。故选d。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如他所想象的那样，这是一座宏伟的城堡。a. found发现；b. protected保护；c. imagined想象；d. hidden隐藏。城堡和他想象的一样。故选c。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个真实的故事。a. story故事；b. place地方；c. program项目；d. test测试。上文讲述的是一个故事。故选a。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在入口处，有一句话我想知道梦想之石能走多远。a. reply回答；b. sentence句子；c. reason理由；d. principle原则。根据下文可知是一句话。故选b。第三部分：阅读理解（每小题2分，共20小题，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项, 并填在答题卡上。athe island of tasmania is a place of natural beauty and has 18 national parks. if you go on a tour, youll discover this beautiful place where the people are friendly and the food is delicious.the tarkine coast is in the northwest of tasmania. the area contains the largest rainforest in australia which is home to more than 50 kinds of endangered(濒危的) animals. during your tour, youll come across rivers, mountains, waterfalls, wild animals and long wild beaches.tour plan:day 1:youre picked up from your hotel in the town of launceston and driven to the tarkine. you then finish a three-hour walk through the forest before arriving at your camp at mystery creek. there you will enjoy a delicious meal cooked by your guides.day2:after breakfast, you continue deeper into the rainforest, passing some of the tallest trees in the world and stopping for hunch, and then camp in the evening.day3:the exciting part of todays tour is the tarkine falls, a beautiful 15-metre waterfall.day4:you can stay at the camp and bathe in the tarkine falls, or you can walk to enjoy beautiful views of the forest.day5:after the last journey through the forest, you are picked up at 4 pm and arrive in launceston at 7 pm.the tour includes two guides, transport to and from the rainforest, all food and all safety equipment. you should buy camping equipment, including: backpacks, sleeping bags, rain coats and trousers.41. we can learn that the tarkine coast_.a. lies in the northwest of australiab. provides visitors with free foodc. is beautiful and has 18 national parksd. offers visitors a chance to see wild animals42. on day 1, you will _.a. cook food with guidesb. have a walk in the forestc. bathe in the tarkine fallsd. see the tallest trees in the world43. visitors are advised to _ .a. take more guidebooksb. buy safety equipmentc. prepare camping equipmentd. drive their cars during the journey【答案】41. d 42. b 43. c【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。对大洋洲东南的塔斯马尼亚岛的旅游路线和安排进行了介绍。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段the area contains the largest rainforest in australia which is home to more than 50 kinds of endangered(濒危的) animals.（该地区拥有澳大利亚最大的雨林，是50多种濒危动物的家园。）可知tarkine海岸为游客提供了一个看到野生动物的机会。故选d。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据day 1部分第二句you then finish a three-hour walk through the forest before arriving at your camp at mystery creek.（然后，你要穿过森林走三个小时，然后到达你在神秘小溪的营地。）可知第一天，你将在森林里散步。故选b。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句you should buy camping equipment, including: backpacks, sleeping bags, rain coats and trousers.（你应该买露营装备，包括:背包、睡袋、雨衣和裤子。）可知建议游客准备好露营装备。故选c。【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。如第三小题，根据文章最后一句you should buy camping equipment, including: backpacks, sleeping bags, rain coats and trousers.（你应该买露营装备，包括:背包、睡袋、雨衣和裤子。）可知建议游客准备好露营装备。故选c。bonce there was a man who liked eating mangoes. one day, he climbed up to the top of a tree to get the sweetest mangoes, where the branches(枝条) were thin. he picked a few fruits. but when trying to climb down, he slipped and started falling towards the ground. fortunately, he caught a branch and remained helplessly hanging on the tree. then he started to call for help. some villagers immediately came with a ladder and sticks, but could do little to help him.then a wise man arrived. people were very curious to see what he would do, as he was famous for solving peoples problems in the area. he was silent for a minute and then picked up a stone and threw it at the hanging man. everybody was surprised. the hanging man started to shout, “what are you doing? are you crazy? if i could just come down, i would give you a good beat!”he then used all his skill and strength to reach the branches which were safe to land. finally he made it! everybody was amazed. “where is the old man?”shouted the angry man. “oh, he didnt wait for you to beat him,”said a villager. “i will beat him hard!”shouted the man. then someone said, “hey, wait a minute. he is the only one who helped you. he is the one who provoked you and led you to help yourself.”the man thought for a moment and admitted, “yes, he led me to try my best and save myself.”44. when the villagers came under the tree, they found that _.a. they were unable to save the hanging manb. the hanging man was still on the top of the treec. the hanging man actually was not in great dangerd. the la