直接引语与间接引语教案

教学科目 初 二 英 语 授课老师 王 老 师 学 生 黄 梓 源 档案序号 UC 个性化教学辅导方案课时统计：第（8 ）课时 共（20）课时 授课时间：2012年 12 月 8日教 学内 容语法学习：1. 上次遗留知识:从句基本知识 2. 直接引语与间接引语教 学目 标1.直接引语与间接引语的特点2.能够熟练的将直接引语转化为间接引语重 点难 点1.直接引语转化为间接引语时时态的转换2.直接引语为一般疑问句时，转换为间接引语后的形式上的变化教学过程概念：引述别人所说的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。John said, Im going to London with my father. （直接引语）John said that he was going to London with his father. （间接引语）一般来说，大部分的直接引语和间接引语可以相互转换，由直接引语变为间接引语，主要分以下情况：1. 直接引语是陈述句时间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（在口语中that可省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。He said, You are younger than I.- He said (that) I was younger than him. 2.直接引语是疑问句时间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。从句部分遵照以下规则：A.一般疑问句或反意疑问句：变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。She said, Do you often come here to read newspapers?She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.She asked me, You have seen the film, havent you?She asked me whether (或if ) I had seen the film.B.选择疑问句：变为whether.or 宾语从句。I asked him, Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.C. 特殊疑问句：变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。He asked, Where do you live?He asked me where I lived.2. 直接引语是祈使句时间接引语变为不定式，作为ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（注意否定 ）.The teacher said to the boy, Open the window.The teacher told the boy to open the window.His father said to him, Dont leave the door open.His father told him not to leave the door open.注意1. 有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词加以转述。He said, Lets go to the theatre.He suggested (our) going to the theatre/He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.Would you mind opening the window? he asked.He asked me to open the window.Why dont you take a walk after supper? he asked.He advised me to take a walk after supper.Shall we listen to the music? he asked.He suggested listening to the music.3. 直接引语是感叹句时间接引语为what 或how 引导，也可以用that 引导。She said, What a lovely day it is!She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.直接引语与间接引语的时态问题：1. 如果主句中谓语动词为现在时态或一般将来时，则间接引语中的时态仍然保持原直接引语时态。2. 如果主句中谓语动词为过去时态时，则间接引语中的动词时态按下列要求变化：（1） 一般现在时-一般过去时（2） 现在进行时-过去进行时（3） 一般将来时-过去将来时（4） 现在完成时-过去完成时（5） 一般过去时-过去完成时（6） 过去完成时保持不变注意：1. 如果直接引语是用来表示客观真理时，变为间接引语后，仍然保留原一般现在时，不可改为一般过去时。如：The teacher said The earth goes round the sun.The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.2. 如果直接引语中有明确表示过去时间的状语，变为间接引语时，一般过去时态不必改为过去完成时。He said to me, I was born in 1973.He told me that he was born in 1973.3. 如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效，变为间接宾语时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。He said, Im a boy, not a girl.He said that he is a boy ,not a girl4. 如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作，在变为间接引语时，一般现在时不可改为一般过去时。The girl said, I get up at six every morning.The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.4. 如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变引语中主句的谓语动词，从句的一般过去时则保持不变。He said to me, I have taught English since he came here.”He told me that he had taught English since he came here.5. 如果直接引语中含有情态动词 must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should, would,在变为间接引语时，这些情态动词不发生时态的改变。：The teacher said to me. You must pay more attention to your pronunciation. The teacher told me that I must (have to) pay more attention to my pronunciation.He said, I could swim when I was only six.He said that he could swim when he was only six.6.代词等一般地应作用相应的变化，变化方法如下。指示代词：this-thesethese-those表示时间的词：now-thentoday-that daythis week(month ,etc) -that week (month ,etc)yesterday-the day beforelast week(month ,etc)the week(month ,etc) beforethree days (a year ,etc) agothree days (a year. etc) beforetomorrowthe next (following ) daynext week (month ,etc)the next (following ) week (month ,etc)表地点的词：herethere动词：bringtakecomego 课 堂练 习将下列直接引语变为间接引语：1. “I never eat meat.” he said.He said that _ never _ meat.2. “Ive found my wallet.” he said to me.He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. “I took it home with me.” she said.She said that _ _ _ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He _ me that he _ met the day _.6. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.课 后作 业1He said: “Ive left my book in my room.”2She said: “He will be busy.”3She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”4She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”5The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”6The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.”7The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”8The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”9My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”10The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”11He said, “We are still students.12He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”13The enginee