状语从句和并列句PPT课件

A3状语从句和并列句,考纲解读1状语从句的引导词与介词的用法比较；状语从句与定语从句引导词的辨析。2能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连接词的用法差异。3whatever，whenever，wherever等引导词与nomatterwh等引导词的不同用法。,考情解读,趋势解读1状语从句为必考点之一，试题结构日趋复杂化，设问呈现交叉和综合的特点，四个选项中尽可能呈现出不同性质的连词as，while，unless出现率高，干扰项还从定语从句或名词性从句的角度进行干扰。2对于让步状语从句考查仍是重头戏，2012年共考查6题，并列句考查逐年上升。,易,错,警,示,_timegoingon,itsgettingwarmerandwarmer.AWhenBAsCWithDWhile易误选B表示“随着”或“一边一边”，常用as连接词，后跟时间状语从句，但此处为goingon，为非谓语结构，学生不懂结构变化，易误选B，答案为C。,_Iheardthevoice,Iknowfatherwascoming.AAtthemomentBAtthemomentthatCThemomentthatDThemoment易误选A学生不知句子结构，极易根据所谓的“语感”而误选A，此处themoment转化为一个连接词，后跟时间状语从句，正确答案为D。,翻译：他们还未到火车站，火车就开走了。Beforetheydidntreachthestation,thetrainhadgone.学生易受汉语思维影响而译成左面的句子，其实before状语从句谓语不用否定式。正确译句：Beforetheyreachedthestation,thetrainhadgone.,Itis3yearssinceIsmokedacigar.翻译：我吸烟有3年了。学生会根据习惯作类似左面的翻译，其实since从句谓语若为延续性动词，应译为“自从不”正确译句：我不吸烟有3年了。,Before_awaybythepolice,hesaidbyetohisfamily.AtakenBbeingtakenCtobetakenDtaking易误选A学生极易根据状语从句省略条件而误选A。特殊用法谨记！答案为B。,作连词后跟完整时间状语从句作介词后跟名词、代词、动名词,before/after/since,Everyvisitoriswelcome,sojustcomeifyou_AshallBwillCcanDmust易误选D学生根据平时强化的思维，即if条件状语从句中不能出现will助动词，首先排除B，而此时will为情态动词，表示“愿意”正确答案B。,_muchworkyouhavetodo,youneedagoodsleep.AHoweverBAlthoughCAsDDespite易误选B、D学生弄不清句子结构，而根据逻辑易误选D，although后必然用陈述语序，as从句有特定从句的倒装结构。答案为A。,考,点,精,析,基础盘点,热门考点1when/while/as2before/till/until/since3hardly.when./nosooner.than.4once5if/unless/aslongas/incase6where/wherever7eventhough/if8as让步状语从句9目的状语从句和结果状语从句10状语从句的省略11whever让步状语从句,关注节点,(2012湖南卷)_IalwaysfeltIwouldpasstheexam,IneverthoughtIwouldgetanA.AWhileBOnceCIfDUntil答案Awhile此时表示转折。(2011浙江卷)OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway_mydaughterheardcriesforhelp.AafterBwhileCsinceDwhen答案Dwhen译为“就在那时”，相当于andatthattime。,热点31,_yourethere,canyougetmesomestamps?AForBWhileCAsDBecause答案Bwhile译为“当时候”，as不能引导疑问句，because引导的是原因状语从句，if表示的是虚拟语气。AwhenBwhileCasDtill答案C句意：他匆匆回家，边走边往后看。as译为“一边一边”，表示两个变化中的动作的同时性。,Imgoingtothepostoffice.,Hehurriedhome,lookingbehind_hewent.,AwhileBwhenCbeforeDuntil答案Bwhen在此处作并列连词，相当于andatthattime。AbecauseBsinceCasDwhen答案D考查when作并列连词，相当于butatthattime。,Hewashalfthroughthemeal_afamiliarvoicecametohisears.,Iwalkedhomethatday_Icouldhavetakenataxi.,(1)Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.(2)WhenIwasyoung,Iusedtovisither.when可作为并列连词(1)相当于andatthattime,Iwasabouttoleavewhenhecame.,(2)相当于butatthattimeShejustshowedmethedirectionwhensheshouldhaveledmethere.while从句动作持续(从句常用进行时态)近些年多考主、从句动作的对比ItsunfairImworkingwhiletheothersaresleeping.,as还可表示“随着”，“一边一边”。Astimegoeson,itsgettingwarmer(With)timegoingon,itsgettingwarmer.,(2010福建卷)Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebell_thedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andherfriendrushedouttogreether.AbeforeBuntilCasDsince答案A此处可译为“还未就”。(2010陕西卷)Johnthinksitwontbelong_heisreadyforhisnewjob.AwhenBafterCbeforeDsince答案C此处可译为“不到就”。,热点32,AasBbeforeCsinceDwhen答案C此处译为“自从”。AwhetherBafterCthoughDuntil,Shehasbeenworkinginthisfactory_sheleftschool.,(2011上海卷)Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood,Iwontbothertoseeit,orIllwait_itcomesoutonDVD.,答案D如果很多人都说一部电影不好，我不会去(电影院)看，或者我会等到它的DVD发行。考查状语从句。由句意可知D为正确答案。AsinceBuntilCtillDafter答案B考查not.until.，固定用法。,Dontmove_thebusstops.,1till：主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，主、从句皆为肯定句。Heremainedthereuntil/tillshearrived.2until：主句谓语动词必须为短暂动词，从句为肯定句。HewontleaveuntilIreturn.not.until.,3beforeItwillbe段时间before.“还要过多久才”ItwillbealongtimebeforeIreturn.4since主句(一般现在时或现在完成时)since从句(一般过去时)主句(一般过去时)since从句(过去完成时),Itbe段时间since从句Its3yearssinceIleftschool.(从句动作短暂，译为“自从”)Its3yearssinceIlivedhere.(从句动作持续，译为“自从不”),(2012全国卷)Ihadhardlygottotheoffice_mywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.AwhenBthanCuntilDafter答案Ahardly.when.习惯搭配。(2011辽宁卷)Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeech_thestudentsstartedcheering.AsinceBasCwhenDthan答案Dnosooner.than.习惯搭配。,热点33,(2010安徽卷)Justusethisroomforthetimebeing,andwellofferyoualargerone_itbecomesavailable.AassoonasBunlessCasfarasDuntil答案A译为“一就”。,hardly.when.nosooner.than.为常见高频考查句型，一般设置hardly或nosooner提前，考查倒装语序，偶尔顺便考查时态。一就assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,nosooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.,(2011北京卷)_theydecidewhichcollegetogoto,studentsshouldresearchtheadmissionprocedures.AAsBWhileCUntilDOnce答案Donce，“一旦”引导时间状语从句。,热点34,_environmentaldamageisdone,ittakesmanyyearsfortheecosystemtorecover.AEvenifBIfonlyCWhileDOnce答案Donce引导时间状语从句，相当于assoonasif。,once引导时间状语从句，其逻辑相当于assoonasif，有条件的含义，但偏于时间。,(2012江西卷)Youcanborrowmycar_youpromisenottodrivetoofast.AunlessBevenifCincaseDaslongas答案D考查条件状语从句，unless相当于ifnot。,热点35,AifBunlessCbecauseDsince答案B句意：希腊政府很难克服目前的金融危机，除非从欧盟获取更多的经济支持。本题考查条件状语从句。if如果；unless除非；because因为；since自从。,(2012福建卷)ItishardfortheGreekgovernmenttogetoverthepresentdifficulties_itgetsmorefinancialsupportfromtheEuropeanUnion.,AaslongasBeventhoughCincaseDasif答案C把钥匙留给邻居以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。考查目的状语从句。根据句意选C项，incase(that)以防。aslongas只要；eventhough即使；asif仿佛，好像。AonceBifCafterDunless答案D句意：我旅行的预算很吃紧，所以不打算坐飞机，除非航空公司降低票价。考查状语从句。unless相当于if.not，符合前后句的逻辑。,(2012辽宁卷)Leaveyourkeywithyourneighbor_youlockyourselfoutoneday.,(2012上海卷)Ihaveatightbudgetforthetrip,soImnotgoingtofly_theairlineslowerticketprices.,1aslongas只要，充分条件unless除非，必要条件2unless一般相当于if.not.但如果未出现A就出现B时只用ifIshouldbeshockedifhedoesntcauseanaccident.(if.notunless)(在中学阶段)unless一般不用于虚拟语气,(2012山东卷)Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisen_therewasnothingayearagobutruins.AwhenBwhereCbeforeDuntil答案B考查地点状语从句。whereattheplacewhere。,热点36,AwhyBwhereCwhoDwhat答案B句意：如果你碰巧在野外迷路的话，你最好在原地等待救援。本题考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，stay在句子中为不及物动词，空格处引导地点状语从句，故答案选B。其余选项均不引导地点状语从句，故可排除。,(2012四川卷)Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild,youdbetterstay_youareandwaitforhelp.,AwhenBasCwhereDbecause答案C考查状语从句。whereattheplacewhereothersareweak。,Johnhashisownadvantageforheisstrong_othersareweak.,Youcanstaywhere/whereveryouwantto.介词where名词性从句(宾语从句)介词先行词where定语从句Thedoctoradvisedmetolivewhereairisfresher.(地点状语从句)inwhereairisfresher.(宾语从句)intheplacewhereairisfresher.(定语从句),2where引导状语从句,(2012北京卷)Lookatthoseclouds!Dontworry._itrains，wellstillhaveagreattime.AEvenifBAsthoughCIncaseDIfonly答案A考查让步状语从句，从下面still我们可以看出其逻辑“即使依然”。,热点37,Ishallcarryouttheplan_Ishouldfail100times.AalthoughBasCevenifDeventhough答案C考查让步状语从句，eventhough译为“即使”。,even加强语气，因脱胎于条件，所以evenif既可真实亦可虚拟。even加强语气，因though原来就表示让步，故eventhough只能为真实情况。从句为真实情况，eventhough/evenif可互换。,2eventhough从句(真实),(2012陕西卷)Hot_thenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.AalthoughBasCwhileDhowever答案Bas引导让步状语从句。,热点38,补全句子_，itstrue.虽然看起来不可能，但却是真的。_，heknowstohelpothers.他虽是个孩子，但知道帮助别人。_，wemustacknowledgehisgreatness.虽然我们不喜欢他，但必须承认他的伟大。_，theyfailedagain.尽管努力了，但他们又失败了。,答案ImpossibleasitseemsChildasheisDislikehimaswemayHardastheytried,(1)表as主语系动词表语为单数名词时，必须是零冠词(2)状(常为副词)as主语谓语(宾语)(3)谓(常为动词原形)as主语情态动词或助动词情态动词或助动词常为may/might/would/did等,1as让步状语从句常见结构,as可与though替换DespitetheheavyrainAlthough/Thoughitrainsheavily，wewalkon.,3despiteinspiteof介词后跟名词性结构,(2008江西卷)MyEnglishteachershumorwas_madeeverystudentburstintolaughter.AsoastoBsuchastoCsuchthatDsothat答案Csuch.that句型，such此处为代词。,热点39,ASuchBThisCThatDSo答案Asuch.that.句型。ASomuchinvolvedintheprogramhegotBSomuchinvolvedintheprogramdidhegetCSomuchinvolvedintheprogramhedidgetDSomuchinvolvedintheprogramhewas答案Bso短语提前，引起主句倒装，故选B。,_isthepowerofTVthatitcanmakeapersonsuddenlyfamous.,_thathewontswitchofftheTVset.,见定语从句热点讲解2such.that.such作代词时特别注意3so/such.that.句型中，so/such短语提前，引起主句倒装so/such短语提前,(1)主句主系表结构主句全部倒装系动词仅限于be，其它系动词，主句部分倒装Socleverishethathecanrememberwhateverhesbeeninformedof.(2)主句主谓(宾)结构主句部分倒装Soharddidheworkthathegotarise.,(2012陕西卷)Allthephotographsinthisbook,_statedotherwise,datefromthe1950s.AunlessBuntilConceDif答案A考查状语从句省略，意为：除非特别说明，照片皆可追溯到20世纪50年代了。,热点310,AonceBwhenCifDunless答案D考查连词。句意：“学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同，否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。”AonceBwhenCifDafter答案A考查状语从句的省略。句意：同他之间的友谊，一旦建立，将永远持续。,(2010山东卷)Theschoolrulesstatethatnochildshallbeallowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday,_accompaniedbyanadult.,Thefriendshipwithhim,_founded,willlastforever.,状语从句省略,(1)同时满足上述三个条件方可省略(2)方式状语从句满足条件后有时省略(3)before/after/since须引导完整时间状语从句(详见本专题命题陷阱),(2008宁夏海南全国卷卷)Thelawyerseldomwearsanythingotherthanasuit_theseason.AwhateverBwhereverCwheneverDhowever答案A补全应为whatevertheseasonmay/mightbe。,热点311,AwhateverBwhereverCwheneverDhowever答案Awhatever引导让步状语从句，表示“不管什么(怎样)”，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。从句的有些成分有时可以省略。,(浙江卷)Thetowermustbesaved,_thecost.,AHoweveraseriousproblemBWhataseriousproblemCHoweverseriousaproblemDWhatseriousaproblem答案C句意：不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。考查状语从句。分析题干可知逗号前是让步状语从句，what不能用来引导状语从句，所以排除B、D两项；howeveradj.a/an单数名词whatevera/anadj.单数名词。故C项正确。,(2010上海卷)_youmayhave,youshouldgatheryourcouragetofacethechallenge.,AHoweverBWhateverCWhicheverDWhenever答案A句意：不管你多么努力，如果不减少食量，想要减肥会很难。考查让步状语从句。根据设