选修8unit2单词详解

unit2Cloning,1.differvi.不同于，意见相左,differfrom不同于.differin.在.方面不同,MyyoungerbrotherandIdifferfromeachotherinmanyways.我弟弟和我在许多方面都不同。,拓展；differentadj.不同的，有区别的differencen.差别，差异,2.exactadj.精确的，准确的,tobeexact(=exactlyspeaking)确切地说,翻译：我不知道这个房间的确切面积。Idontknowtheexactsizeoftheroom.,拓展：exactlyadv.确切地，精确地,3.undertakev.从事，承担,undertaketheresponsibilityforsth承担某事的责任undertaketheresponsibilitytodosth承担做某事的责任,翻译；当我忙碌的时候，我的邻居承担起照顾我的宠物狗的责任。MyneighborundertaketheresponsibilitytocareformypetdogwhileIwasonbusiness.,4.payoff,(1)达到目的，取得成功（不及物动词短语）Withthehelpofalotofpeople,ourplanpaidoff.(2)付清，偿清（及物动词短语）Thepoorladyworkedharddayandnightinordertopayofftheirdebts.,拓展：payback还钱，报复payfor支付.的钱,5.breakthroughn.突破，重大进展,make/achieveabreakthrough取得突破性进展,Dontbediscouraged!Wehavemadeagreatbreakthroughinaway.别灰心！从某种意义上讲，我们已经取得了很大的突破。,拓展：breakdown出故障-breakdownn.故障breakout爆发-outbreakn.爆发comeout出现，结果是-outcomen.结果，效果,1.BritishEnglishis_fromAmericanEnglish.They_inmanyminoraspects,suchasspellingandproununciation.(differ)2.Ourbudgetisextremelytight,soyoudbetterworkout_(exact)howmuchmoneywillgoforeachpartoftheproject.3.Theresearch,_(undertake)byBrighton-basedMindlabInternational,suggeststhatsilentofficesmaybetheleastproductive.4.Ourteachersoftenencouragesusthateveryminutewespendonstudyingwillfinallypay_inthenearfuture.,different,differ,exactly,undertaken,off,6.castv.扔，投掷,castdown使失望（一般用于被动语态）,翻译：听到这个坏消息之后，她沮丧了好几天。Shewascastdownforseveraldaysaftersheheardthebadnews.,7.objectvi.反对，不赞成,objecttosb/sth反对某人/某事objecttodoingsth反对做某事,Nooneobjectedtotheplanatthemeetingyesterday.昨天的会议上，没有人反对这项计划。,拓展：objectionn.反对，不赞成objectn.物体，对象objectiveadj.客观的，不带个人感情的,8.impactn.巨大的影响,haveanimpactonsth/sb对.有巨大影响,翻译：阅读能够影响我们看世界的方式。Readingcanhaveanimpactonthewayweseetheworld.,归纳：“影响”的其他表达：haveaneffect/influenceonmakeadiferenceto,对.有影响,9.obtainvt.获得，赢得（尤指经努力）,10.attainvt.获得，达到（尤指经努力）,attainonesgoal达到某人的目的,Hiseffortpaidoffandheattainedhisgoalatlast.他的努力得到了回报，并且最终达到了目的。,拓展：attainableadj.可获得的unattainableadj.达不到的，无法实现的,5.Liuleiinsistedthathemerelydidwhateverydaywouldhavedoneandstronglyobjectedto_(call)ahero.6.Atthemeeting,Marxraisedan_toworkinglatenightandhe_thatmostoftheworkersweretoooldforthejod.（object）7.Thetourisminthisplacewillhaveanimpact_thelocalenvironment.,beingcalled,objection,objected,on,11.forbid（forbade，forbidden）vt.禁止，不准,forbidsbtodosth禁止某人做某事forbidsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事forbiddoingsth禁止做某事,翻译：他身体不好，所以医生禁止他喝酒Hewasinpoorhealth,sothedoctorforbadehimtodrinkwine.,12.infavourof赞成，支持,翻译：我已经对她讲了我们的计划，她表示完全赞同。Ihavetoldheraboutourplanandsheiscompletelyinfavourofit.,拓展：关于favour的短语asksbafavour请某人帮个忙dosbafavour帮某人个忙,13.owevt.（1）欠（账、钱）owesbforsth因某事欠某人.（2）归功于，归因于oweittosbthat.把.归功于某人owesthtosb/sth把某事归功于某人/某事,IoweittothefamousdoctorthatIamstillalive.我仍然活着，这要归功于那位很有名的医生。,拓展：owingto因为，由于,14.bothervt.打扰vi.操心,Itbotherssbtodosth/Itbotherssbthat.做某事使人烦恼botherdoingsth费心/花费时间做某事,驾照考试不及格，这让汤姆很烦恼。ItbotheredTomthathehadfailedhisdrivingtest.,15.strike(struck,struck)打，撞击，罢工,strikesb+介词+the+身体部位打某人.,Asnowballstruckhimonthebackofthehead.一个雪球击中了他的后脑勺。,Itstrikessbthat.某人突然想起ItsuddenlystruckmethatIshouldhavebeeninfavourofhim我突然想到，我本来应该支持他的。,16.resistvt.抵抗，对抗,resistdoingsth反对做某事,Theytriedhardtoresistherattackingmove.他们拼尽全力来抵抗她的进攻。,拓展：resistancen.抵制，抵抗resistantadj.抵制的，抵抗的,8.Therearelawsinsomecountrieswhichforbid_(show)advertisementsatinappropriatetimesandplaces.9.Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas_favourofit.10.Iowe_tomyteacherthatIhavemadegreatprogressinEnglish.11.-Doyouknowwheremybluecoatis?-Do