（讲练测）2020年高考英语一轮复习 模块8.1 The written word（讲）（含解析）牛津译林版

Unit 1 The written word一、重点词汇熟记下列单词abuse v.虐待；辱骂；滥用bind v.捆，绑，系；n. ()联合；约束，迫使rescue v.救援，营救spring v.突然出现；跳，蹦twist n.转折，转变；转动；急转弯v.(使)弯曲；转动，蜿蜒plot n.故事情节；阴谋，密谋 v. 密谋；绘制(图表)spin v.(使)快速旋转；(使)急转身；纺纱；吐丝结网 n. (使)旋转pin v.使不能动弹，按住；(用大头针等)固定，别上，钉住 n.大头针；胸针spit v.吐唾沫(表示愤怒或鄙视)，吐，唾(唾沫，食物等)bookworm n.极爱读书的人，书迷，书虫fiction n.小说；虚构的事antique n.古董，文物characteristic n.特征/特点 adj.典型的，独特的，特有的chapter n.(书的)章，篇，回；时期，时代soap opera n.肥皂剧author n.作者tension n.紧张气氛；紧张，烦躁；矛盾，对立generous adj.慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，仁慈的vain adj.虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的theme n.主题，主题思想；主题音乐vice n.恶行，恶习，罪恶home-made adj.自制的；家里做的；国产的sneaker n.运动鞋envelope n.信封brand new adj.全新的，崭新的chest n.胸部，胸膛；大箱子modern-day adj.现代的；当代的stepmother n.继母stepsister n.异父(异母)姊妹rag n.破布，破衣服；抹布supreme adj.最高的，至高无上的debt n.债务，欠款holy adj.神圣的，圣洁的widow n.遗孀，寡妇monument n.纪念碑，纪念馆，纪念塑像；古迹paragraph n.段落rigid adj.死板的，僵化的，固执的；坚硬的，僵直的civil adj.有教养的，有礼貌的；国民的，平民的，民事的(非刑事的)bent adj.弯曲的；驼背的；不诚实的 n.天赋，爱好词性(词形)变化desperate adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要，渴望desperately adv.拼命地，绝望地violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的violence n. 暴力，暴行reform v.& n. (使)改过自新，改造；改革，改良reformer n. 改革者，改造者reformation n. 改善；改进；改造；改良；改革reputation n. 名声，名誉reputable adj.声誉好的，有声望的；有信誉的intend v.打算，计划，想要intention n. 意图，目的；打算intentional adj.故意的，蓄意的intentionally adv.故意地，蓄意地adore v.热爱，喜爱，爱慕adoration n. 敬慕，爱慕adorable adj.值得爱慕的，可爱的criminal n.罪犯 adj.犯罪的，犯法的，刑法的，刑事的crime n.罪行，犯罪，罪恶novelist n.小说家novel n. 小说 reunite(使)重逢，再相聚unite v.团聚，团结painter n.画家paint v. 涂色于；绘画；millionaire n.百万富翁million n.百万 adj.百万的resist v.反抗，抵制，抵挡resistant adj.抵抗的，有抵抗力的；阻止的resistance n.反抗，抵抗，抵制，阻力，抗力，电阻poetry n.诗歌poet n. 诗人，空想家poem n.诗，韵文，诗一样的作品，富有诗意的东西短语英语汉语意义英语汉语意义be bent on(doing)sth.决心作某事have a place in在中占一席之地compareto把比作be set in以为背景live up to达到，符合（期望）be ashamed of对感到羞耻come to ones rescue援救某人，帮助某人by the end of到为止/结尾touch on谈及，涉及find out查出，发现be intended to do sth.目的是做某事be intended for .目的是为have nothing to do with与没有关系have a reputation for有的名声be adapted from改编自by then当时come out出版at the age of在岁的时候on the run躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波earn ones income/living by farming以种地为生makeinto把制(作)成focus on关注，聚焦于at a time一次，每次as long as只要；长达worn out破烂不堪的，废旧的；精疲力尽的say goodbye/hello/sorry to sb.向某人道别/问候/道歉 have appeal to对有吸引力，向发出呼吁reunite with sb. 和某人团聚/再在一起have little talent for在方面没有天赋consist of由构成；由组成let out发出(声音等)；使出去，放出；泄露(秘密等)；放宽(衣服等)，放大pick up拿起；拾起；捡起；用车接某人，让人搭车；偶尔习得；接收；继续讲；沾染/养成(习惯)；好转，改善含重点词汇的教材原句(划线部分)1.【教材原句】Three years later, in 1998, a modern adaptation of Charles Dichenss novel Great Expectations appeared in cinemas.(P2)三年后的1998年，根据查尔斯狄更斯的小说远大前程改编的现代版影片在电影院上映。2.【教材原句】Whyelse would many films adapted from them be successful? (P2)还有，为什么许多根据经典文学作品改编的电影可以大获成功呢？3.【教材原句】Pips sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip. (P3)皮普的姐姐常虐待他，但乔却是一个淳朴善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。4.【教材原句】Pip, who is seven years old when the story begins, is in a foggy cemetery when a desperate criminal appears and frightens him.(P3)故事开始时，七岁的皮普正在一个浓雾笼罩的墓地中。这时一个穷凶极恶的罪犯突然出现并恐吓他。5.【教材原句】There is a twist in the plot when a very generous stranger gives Pip a large fortune.(P3)当一位非常慷慨的陌生人给了皮普一大笔钱的时候，故事情节发生了曲折变化。6.【教材原句】Money and education, however, change him, and before long he becomes vain and ashamed ofhis background.(P3)然而，金钱和教育改变了他，不久后他变得虚荣，对自己的出身感到羞愧。7.【教材原句】Fagin and his group of criminals find him and drag him back into the life of crime, pressuring him with the threat of violence if he resists.(P9)费金和他的犯罪同伙找到了他并拉他重新犯罪。如果他拒绝，就用暴力威胁逼迫他。8.【教材原句】My favourite character in The Attic is Stuart, who comes to her rescue and adds some comedy tothis otherwise dark tale.(P12)在小说阁楼中我最喜欢的人物是斯图尔特。他来营救她并给故事增加了喜剧色彩，否则这将是一个灰色的故事。9.【教材原句】Burns had a reputation for being funny and pleasant to be around.(P14)彭斯以有趣和优雅而闻名。10.【教材原句】The poem was published in 1794 and, like many of Burnss poems, it was intended to be a song.(P14)这首诗发表于1794年，和许多彭斯的诗歌一样，这首诗原是为歌咏而作。11.【教材原句】., he compares the girl he loves to a red rose.(P15)他把他所爱的姑娘比作一朵红玫瑰。12.【教材原句】Many people do not read them, because they think classics are old and boring andhave nothing to do with life today.(P2)许多人不读经典文学作品是因为觉得它们太古老，枯燥乏味，与今天的生活没有任何联系。13.【教材原句】They have not disappeared and still have a place in the world.(P2)他们并没有消失，在当今世界仍占有一席之地。14.【教材原句】He first published many novels one chapter at a time in newspapers, and some were later performed on stage. (P2) 狄更斯最初将许多小说发表在报纸上，每次一章，有一些作品后来被搬上了舞台。15.【教材原句】Pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning Estellas love.(P3)皮普一心要成为一位绅士，赢得埃斯特拉的芳心。16.【教材原句】However, if you liked the book, you should probably not be too eager to see the film, as it is not likely to live up to your great expectations.(P5)然而，如果你喜欢这本书，就不要急于看电影，因为它可能不会符合你的期望。二、经典句型考点-2.含蓄否定句【教材原句】Pips sister often abuses him , but Joe is a kind and simple man, who would rather die than see anyharm come to Pip. (P3)皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个淳朴善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。三、语法自主复习复习本单元的教材Grammar and usage：否定陈述。否定陈述否定陈述是英语中的常用的基本句型之一，它用来表示对所表达情况的否认。英语的否定结构形式多种多样，无论在思维上还是在表达方式上，都与汉语有许多差异。如果只按字面意思翻译，有时会造成误解。因此，在做英译汉和汉译英练习或阅读理解时，一定要认真体会其中的含义，不要望文生义，以防陷入这个可怕的迷宫。一、常用否定词1.英语中否定含义的表达形式多种多样，可以用not, no, never, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere等否定词来表达否定之意。我们还没有签署任何协议。We have not signed any agreement.他们从星期一到星期五从来都没有时间去看电影。They never have/have no time to go to the cinema during the weekdays.3.可以用含否定意义的前缀de-，dis-，il-，im-，in-，ir-，non-，un-，under-等构成的词表达否定之意；也可以用后缀-less，-free，-proof等构成的词表达否定之意。目前要完全治愈癌症是不可能的。Today it is impossible to cure cancer completely.其次，为未来而担忧也是没有用的。Second, it is also useless to worry about the future.动词短语：differ from(与不同)，prefer to(宁愿而不)，keep off(不接近，不让接近)，keep fromprevent fromstopfromprotect from(阻止，使不)，lose sight of(看不见)，let alone/to say nothing(更不用说)等等。Why should you prevent them from moving into the new house？你们为什么不让他们搬进新居呢？Protecting the air, let alone improving it, is a challenge.更别说要改善了，现在就是保护空气也很难。形容词及形容词短语： reluctant(不愿)， absent from(不在，没到场)， ignorant of(不知，不懂)，different from(与不同)，short of(缺少，不足)，far from(远非，决不)，safe from(免于)，free from(不受影响的，没有的)，free of(无的)，least of all(最不)，the last(极不可能的，最不适合的)等等。A judge must be free from prejudice.法官必须不抱成见。He is the last man to do such a thing.他决不会是干那样的事情的人。Your work is far from being satisfactory.你的工作决非令人满意。介词短语：at a loss(不知所措，不知)，in the dark(不知道)，in vain(徒劳，无用)，out of the question(不可能)等等。The police are at a loss for an explanation of the affair.警察不知如何解释这件事情。I am completely in the dark concerning his plans.关于他的计划，我全然不知。I have so much work to do that a holiday for me this year is out of the question.我有这么多工