江苏省江阴市峭岐中学高中英语 Unit3 Science and nature词组讲义 牛津译林版必修5

Science and natureWelcome & Reading (P4145)announce sth. to sb. 通知某人某事 make an announcement出通知（have an announcement to make）It is announced/given out that据通知/宣布clone the first human embryo 克隆第一个人类胚胎the worlds first cloned mammal 世界第一例克隆的哺乳动物on the one hand on the other hand一方面.另一方面(for one thingfor another一则再则)toy with nature 戏弄自然be on the way to producing a real-life monster 就会(即将)制造一个真正的怪物the first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell第一个由成年动物细胞成功克隆的哺乳动物 the first to clone human baby 克隆人类的第一人 （不定式修饰含序数词的名词，作定语）at a much younger age than normal 比正常年纪小得多Its normal for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是正常的; return to normal 恢复正常in general= generally (speaking)=on the whole 一般说来be praised for their wonderful scientific advance 因他们杰出的科学进步而被称赞; praise sb. for sth.因某事而赞扬某人; in praise of sb/sth 赞扬; praise sb highly=sing high praise for 高度赞扬speak highly of be shocked to do sth./at sth./that对感到震惊 Sth came as a shock to sb 某事让某人惊愕。shock sb into doing sth警醒某人做某事consider doing sth. 考虑做某事; consider sb. to be/as 认为 是; consider sb. to have done 认为某人做过; under consideration 在考虑中 take into consideration/account 认真考虑Considering his health/ Taking his health into consideration, he is not allowed to smoke.with the intention/ purpose of doing sth. 怀有做某事的意图have no intention of doing sth.不想做某事intend to do sth. 打算做某事 ； intend sb to do sth 想要某人做某事be intended /designed/meant for sth/ to do sth.专为而设计/旨在，目的是show (no) respect for human life (不)尊重人类生命cause a lot of anxiety 引发很多焦虑be anxious/ dying/ eager to do sth./ for 渴望 be anxious/ worried about 对担忧adopt a baby/ have the baby adopted收养孩子 an adopted child 一个领养的儿童adopt a different approach to solving the problem 采纳一个不同的方法来解决这个问题the adoption of new technology 新技术的采用push ahead/forward with sth 义无反顾进行，努力推进focus their efforts on cloning animals 把精力集中在克隆动物上 (concentrate ones efforts on (doing) sth致力于做某事; make efforts to do sth 努力做某事succeed in doing sth.=manage to so sth.=be successful in doing sth.成功地做某事benefit mankind 对人类有益 sth. benefit sb.；sb. benefit from/by sth. 从中受益sth. be beneficial to sb. =sth.be of benefit to sb 对有帮助 for the benefit of为了的利益deal with the consequences 应付后果in consequence of=as a consequence/result of 由于；in consequence = as a consequence/result =consequently结果take/ suffer/ face the consequences of your actions 为你的行为承受后果become a crop to be harvested or a product for sale 成为待收割的庄稼或待售的产品on sale 上市；减价出售use up/run out of the Earths natural wealth 用光地球的自然资源sth. be used up= sth. be run out of; sth. run outwith time running out/ run out of/ used upcomment/remark on; make comments/remarks on 就作评论;make scientific advances in sth 在方面科学进步advanced science and technology先进的科技in advance 提起，预先be in complete agreement / disagreement with sb about/over sth 完全（不）同意on a personal note= in my opinion就个人的而言 (Personally, I think )work out / figure out the meaning of these scientific terms 弄明白这些科学术语的意思need strict laws to make it a crime to do human cloning需要严格的法律来使克隆人类成为一种犯罪行为Important sentencesOn the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable human tissuessuch as bone or lung tissuethat could be used to save human lives. 一方面，一些科学家指出如果克隆人类胚胎，你就可以制造出宝贵的人体组织如骨组织或肺组织它们可以用来拯救人类的生命。(L2)If mankind toys with nature in this way, we may be on our way to producing a real-life Frankensteins monster. 如果人类用这种方式干涉自然，那就可能离制造一个现实生活中的弗兰肯斯坦怪物不远了. (L6)However, some people believe that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.但也有人认为，怀着摧毁他们的意图来克隆人类胚胎，这是对人类生命的不尊重。(L18)If I had the chance, I would have a cloned baby right now.如果有机会，我会立即要一个克隆婴儿。(L24)While cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby. 尽管克隆人类胚胎目前在很多国家属于非法，有些科学家已经开始加紧研究，以便制造出一个克隆的人类婴儿。 (L25)Word power GrammarTask P46-57Im strongly against 我强烈反对be aware of the harmful effects of cloning humans 知道克隆人类的有害结果（n. awareness）raise ones awareness of environmental protection提高环保意识turn out to be a monster 结果证明是怪物 It turned out that/ As it turned out,结果, .turn on / off 打开、关；turn up调高，出现turn down 调低，拒绝turn to 转向，向某人寻求帮助turn in 上交turn over 翻转put tight laws in place 将严密的法律准备就绪in place 在恰当的位置 out of place 不适合的，未在恰当的位置in place of (介) 代替 take the place of sb = take ones place 代替某人I like to have everything in place. 我喜欢样样事都整理的很好。This is similar to the learning process. 这和学习过程类似。store the information for later revision 为以后的复习存储信息figure out all the mysteries 解开所有的秘密have / make a breakthrough (in sth）(在方面)取得突破be /get bored with= be tired of/be fed up with 对厌倦be/ get burnt out/tired out/ worn out/exhausted筋疲力尽, 累垮have a reliable supply of high-quality food for years to come在今后几年中有高质量的可靠的食物来源Important sentences in Word powerTaskHe must have been working too hard to notice.他一定是工作太努力而没注意到。(P49)The boy was more frightened than hurt.那个孩子与其说受伤了还不如说受了惊吓。（more than 与其说倒不如说 less hurt than frightened）（P50）I am sure that if you conducted a survey among UK citizens, it would showed that the majority of people would not support this type of scientific research.我相信如果你在英国人里作调查的话，会发现大多数人不会支持这种科学研究。（that引导宾语从句，其中从句是由if 引导虚拟条件句）In summary, I insist that you (should) take the opinions of the people of the UK into consideration, and end this practice immediately. 总之， 我坚持认为你应该考虑英国人民的意见，马上结束这种做法。Project P58-59harm nature through agriculture 通过农业破坏自然do harm/damage to/be harmful to对造成损害from the point of view of some people 根据有些人的观点; from my point of view就我看来in favor of nature 有利于自然 in favor of 赞同，支持 be opposed to (doing) sth 反对in need of 需要in praise of 表扬 in honor of 为表示敬意；纪念 in memory of 纪念in place of 代替 in charge of负责 in terms of从方面来说；in view of 鉴于focus on meeting the everyday needs of their people 致力于满足人们的日常需求use up natural resources at a fast pace 以飞快的速度消耗自然资源be blamed for destroying hundreds of thousands of acres of rainforest因破坏成千上万亩的雨林而受责备need clean air to breathe and pure water to drink需要呼吸清洁的空气饮用纯净的水源make great progress/advances in 在取得巨大进步open up doors to technologies in the field of genetics敞开通向基因领域的技术的大门insert new material into its DNA 把新材料插入它的基因中be better able to defend themselves against pests and disease 更有效地抵抗害虫和疾病be limited to increasing production profits 局限于增加生产利润be part of the food chain 食物链的一部分hesitate to give permission for the production of GM food 对允许生产转基因食物犹豫不决permit doing sth允许做某事 permit sb to do 允许某人做某事 without permission 未经允许 Weather /Time permitting,= If weather/time permits,. 如果天气/时间允许would rather be cautious with this new technology 宁愿对此项新技术保持谨慎would rather do sth than do sth; would prefer do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事would rather sb did/had done sth 宁愿某人做某事 (虚拟语气)Important sentences in ProjectNot everything that is best for nature is good for people.(P58 L7) 并非所有对自然来说是最好的就意味着对人类来说也是好的。Other people argue that such thinking may cause a catastrophe, unless we start to look around and understand how a clean environment benefits us all. (P58 L11) 还有一些人则争辩说这样的思维会带来大灾难，除非我们开始关注周围的环境，懂得一个洁净的环境对我们大家有多大的益处。After decades of destroying nature and using up natural resources, many developed nations are now concerned about saving nature rather than developing or destroying it. (P58 L14) 在数十年破坏自然，过度消耗地球自然资源后，许多发达国家现在关注的是如何保护自然，而不是如何开发或者说是破坏自然。They have not yet seen the effects of the careless use of the environment like many wealthy nations have. (P58 L18) 他们还没有像许多富裕国家那样，认识到随心所欲消耗自然资源的后果。(本句为省略句，many wealthy nations have 后省略了seen the effects of the careless use of the environment. )The developed and developing countries of the world need to work together to make sure that people enjoy healthy and happy lives, without the environment around them suffering. (P58L23)世界上的发展中国家和发达国家需要携手合作，确保自己的人民能够享受健康幸福的生活，同时又不损害其周边的环境。Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM) food. (P59L4) 转基因食品就是最好的例子。( 否定词nowhere放句首，为倒装语序 nowheretruer 是比较级的形式，表示最高级的意义。)Research has been limited to increasing production profits, rather than making sure that GM foods are safe.(P5