高二英语高三新课：Unit 2—Going high The pioneers of the third pole人教版知识精讲

高二英语高三新课：Unit 2Going high: The pioneers of the third pole 人 教版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 高三新课：Unit 2Going high: The pioneers of the third pole 二. 知识总结与归纳： 1. Some suggested it could not be accomplished. 有人曾说这是不可能完成的。 suggest：在此表示：认为；表明；暗示。后面的名词性从句的时态与主句时 态范围一致。 The sight of the birds suggested a new idea for flying machines. Her expression suggested anger. suggest：表示：建议。接名词或动名词；后面的名词性从句用虚拟结构 （should do / be done） I suggest postponing the meeting. He suggested that I should stick to my decision. accomplish：完成 We tried to arrange a peace but accomplished nothing. A lazy man can never accomplish anything. accomplished；熟练的，精通 She is accomplished in a great many arts. accomplishment（不可数名词）：完成；（可数名词）：才艺；技艺，成就。 Among her accomplishment were playing the piano, dancing, sewing and cooking. 2. Apart from the cold, thin air and low oxygen levels can cause mountain sickness, which can kill. 除了寒冷之外，空气稀薄和含氧量低都可能诱发致人死亡的高山病。 apart from：除以外；此外； Apart from the salary, its not a bad job. Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke his both legs in the traffic accident. 3. They had no idea what they were up against. 他们对将要面临的情况一无所知。 up against：面临；接近于； They are up against some major problems these days. 4. The local Tibetans and Sherpas laughed at the strange bottles containing what they referred to as “English air”. In 1924 two British men were lost. When their oxygen ran out, they had no chance of surviving. 当地的藏民和夏尔巴人嘲笑那些装有被英国人称为“英国空气”的奇怪的瓶子。 1924 年两名英国人失踪了。当他们的氧气用完后，他们就无法生存了。 containing what they referred to as “English air”现在分词做定语修 饰 the strange bottles refer to：提到；涉及；所指的；查阅，参考 I had no idea what he referred to. The traveler referred to his guide book for details of his journey. He often referred to his past experience as a soldier. run out：用完，耗尽 主语为：时间；金钱；事物等。 My patience was running out. They decided to go home before the money ran out. run out of：用完，主语是人。 He is always running out of money before pay day. 5. The New Zealander Edmund Hillary and the Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, as members of a British team, were the first to make it to the summit of Mount Qomolangma. 新西兰人 Edmund Hillary 和 Sherpa 人 Tenzing Norgay 作为一支英国登山队 的成员率先登上了珠穆琅玛峰的顶峰。 make it：成功。 Its hard to make it to the top in now business. He says hell get up at 5 tomorrow, but I dont think he can make it. 6. In the later years the question arose who was the first to reach the top. 在以后的几年里人们常常问起谁是第一个到达顶峰的人。 arise：起来；上升；出现。 Some unexpected difficulties have arisen. He arose suddenly and left. 7. We climbed as a team, period. 我们是作为一个团体登山的。就是这样。 period：用于口语中，表示：就是如此。 Im not going , period. 8. On their return, they were praised as national heroes. 他们一归来，就被誉为了民族英雄。 On+名词/doing ：一就 He was surprised on seeing her. On his arrival, he immediately got down to his work. 【典型例题】 一. 单项选择： 1. My money _, I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I have none in hand. A. has run outB. is running outC. has been run outD. is being run out 答案：B 分析：我的钱快用完了，我得在手里没钱以前去银行取一些存款。run out 没 有被动形式。 2. _ the cost, the hat doesnt suit me. A. Apart fromB. IncludingC. WithoutD. Together with 答案：A 分析：除了价格以外，这顶帽子我带着也不合适。Apart from：除了以外。 3. Many difficulties have _ as a consequence of the change over to a new type of fuel. A. risenB. arisenC. raisedD. arrived 答案：B 分析：由于改用一种新型的燃料，新的困难出现了。arise：出现，上升。 4. There was nothing to suggest that she _ to kill herself when her husband was killed in the accident. A. intendB. be intendedC. intendedD. should intend 答案：C 分析：没有迹象表明她企图自杀。suggest 在此表示：表明，暗示。后面的从 句的时态随主句时态范围变化。 5. We hope to become more _ in predicting earthquake. A. absoluteB. steadyC. idealD. accurate 答案：D 分析：我们希望在地震预测上更精确些。accurate：精确；absolute：绝对； steady：稳定；ideal：理想的 6. Since I left my job, I feel as if Ive _ nothing. A. establishedB. accomplishedC. abolishedD. guaranteed 答案：B 分析：自从我离开了我的工作；我感觉我好像什么也没有完成。 established：建立；accomplished：完成；abolished：废除；guaranteed：保证。 7. The President spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _ his notes. A. bringing upB. referring toC. looking for D. trying on 答案：B 分析：总裁在商务会议上没有看稿讲了近一个小时。referring to：查阅，翻 阅；bringing up 养育；trying on 试穿 二. 翻译句子： 1. 当他们实施这项计划时一些意想不到的困难出现了。 2. 且不论这条裤子的颜色，这条裤子我穿着根本就不合适。 3. 在阅读时，如果遇到了生词，请不要马上查字典。 4. 你快做完了吗？时间快到了。 5. 我们终于和他们取得了联系。 6. 郑和以中国皇帝的名义向许多非洲国家馈赠了礼物。 7. 由于身体不能适应极限条件，有些人只得放弃了登山计划。 答案： 1. Some unexpected difficulties arose when they carried out the plan. 2. Apart from the color, the trousers doesnt suit me at all. 3. While reading, if you come across the new words, please dont refer to the dictionary at once. 4. Have you nearly finished ? Time is running out. 5. We succeeded in getting in touch with them. 6. Zheng He presented many gifts to many African states in the name of the Chinese Emperor. 7. Some had to give up their climbing plans because their body was unable to adjust to the extreme conditions. 【模拟试题】 一. 单项选择： 1. The best method to _ this task is to unite as many people as possible. A. evaluateB. accomplishC. tipD. suggest 2. As is known to all, eating too much fat can _ hear disease and cause high blood pressure. A. add toB. contribute toC. attend toD. apply to 3. She is up _ all sorts of difficulties and we should lend her a hand. A. againstB. withC. toD. on 4. Off to the east, the sky looked pale enough to _ the storm would be passing quickly. A. suggestB. reportC. proveD. advise 5. It was foolish of him to _ his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished. A. stick toB. refer toC. keep onD. point to 6. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom ? A. thatB. whatC. asD. which 7. The climbers have _ food. They are in very difficult situation. A. run out ofB. run afterC. run acrossD. run into 8. If the chair is too short, you can _ it to suit you. A. equipB. adaptC. adjustD. drop 9. _ you and me, I dont think there is anyone there under thirty. A. IncludingB. BesideC. In additionD. Apart from 10. You cant _ the house until all the papers have been signed. A. take possession ofB. take a possession of C. take the possession of D. take possessions of 二. 完型填空： You are near the front line of a battle. Around you shells are exploding; people are shooting from a house behind you. What are you doing there? You arent a soldier. You arent 1 carrying a gun. Youre standing in front of a 2 and youre telling the TV 3 what is happening. Its all in a days work for a war reporter, and it can be very 4 . In the first two years of the 5 in former Yugoslavia（南斯拉夫）, 28 reporters and photographers were killed. Hundreds more were 6 . What kind of people put themselves in danger to 7 pictures to our TV screens and 8 to our newspapers? Why do they do it ？ “ I think its every young journalists 9 to be a foreign reporter,” says Michael Nicholson, “ thats 10 you find the excitement. So when the first opportunity comes, you take it 11 it is a war.” But there are moments of 12 . Jeremy Bowen says, “ Yes, when youre lying on the ground and bullets（子弹）are flying 13 your ears, you think: What am I doing here? Im not going to do this again. But that feeling 14 after a while and when the next war starts, youll be 15 .” “ None of us believes that were going to 16 ,” adds Michael. But he always 17 a lucky charm（护身符）with him. It was given to him by his wife for his first war. Its a card which says “ Take care of yourself. ” Does he ever think about dying? “ Oh, 18 ,and every time it happens you look to the sky and say to God, If you get me out of this, I 19 Ill never do it again. You can almost hear God 20 , because you know he doesnt believe you. ” 1. A. simply B. really C. merely D. even 2. A. crowd B. house C. battlefield D. camera 3. A. producers B. viewers C. directors D. actors 4. A. dangerous B. exciting C. normal D. disappointing 5. A. stay B. fight C. war D. life 6. A. injured B. buried C. defeated D. saved 7. A. bring B. show C. take D. make 8. A. scenes B. passages C. stories D. contents 9. A. belief B. dream C. duty D. faith 10. A. why B. what C. how D. where 11. A. even so B. ever since C. as if D. even if 12. A. fear B. surprise C. shame D. sadness 13. A. into B. around C. past D. through 14. A. returns B. goes C. continues D. occurs 15. A. there B. away C. out D. home 16. A. leave B. escape C. die D. remain 17. A. hangs B. wears C. holds D. carries 18. A. never B. many times C. some time D. seldom 19. A. consider B. accept C. promise D. guess 20. A. whisperingB. laughing C. screaming D. crying 三. 阅读理解： Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back . Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means. Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away. For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines（刺）that discourage grass-eating animals. Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach. Some plants, such as the oak tree have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain a sandy material; eating such grasses wears down the animals teeth. Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals. When a caterpillar（毛虫）bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar. Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, for instance, has prickly（多刺的）leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom（毒液）. A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future. 1. The holly plant has more spines on the lower leaves because most animals _. A. are not tall enoughB. like the lower leaves only C. are not clever enoughD. can get the lower leaves easily 2. To defend themselves, oak trees use _. A. chemical means B. physical means C. bitter chemicals D. sandy materials 3. How does tobacco protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar? A. Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means. B. Its roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar. C. Its roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked. D. Its leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away. 4. What would be the best title for this passage? A. Plants and Animals B. How Plants Defend Themselves C. Attacks and Defenses D. How Animals Eat Plant Leaves 四. 短文改错： Many children have a birthday cake with candle on their birthday. 1. _ In some countries, like England and Scotland, there are another custom, 2. _ too. There are people spank（拍打）or hit the child on his/her birthday. 3. _ This may hurt a little, and they say it is very lucky for the child. The4. _ child must never cry. The custom says that if you cry, you cry all year.5. _ The reason for birthday spanks is to make the bad spirits go 6. _ away. The hard you spank the better it is. In Belgium, another 7. _ country in Europe, the custom is a little difference. There a parent 8. _ goes into the child room early in the morning with a needle（针） 9. _ As soon as the child woke up, the parent pricks（刺）the child 10. _ with the needle. This is for good luck. 参考答案 一. 单项选择： 1. B 完成这项任务的最好的办法是尽可能团结更多的人。Accomplish 完成； evaluate：评估；tip：建议，窍门；suggest：建议；表明 2. B 众所周知摄入过多的脂肪容易诱发心脏病和高血压。contribute to： 贡献；促成；add to：增添；attend to 处理；apply to 向提出申请 3. A 她面临许多困难我们得帮她一下。up against: 面临；up with：拥护； up to：从事； up on：熟悉，精通 4. A 东边的天空的天色表明暴雨即将到来。suggest：表明，暗示，意味 5. B 他在这么重要的考试中翻笔记真是太愚蠢了，他为此受到了惩罚。 stick to：坚持；refer to：翻阅（笔记） keep on：坚持；point to：指向 6. B 你知道教室里发生了什么事吗？ 7. A 登山队员已经用完了所有的食品，他们面临困境。run out of:：用完 了耗尽了主语是表示“人”的名词。run after：追逐；run across： 穿过；偶然遇见；run into：碰撞、遭到 8. C 如果椅子太矮你可以调节以适合你坐。adjust：调节；equip：装备； adapt：适应；drop：使下落。 9. D 除了你和我，我认为这里没有人在 30 岁以下了。Apart from：除 了以外（还有没有） ；Including：包括；Beside：在旁边；In addition：此外， （单独使用） 10. A等所有的文件都签署好了你才能拥有这栋房子。take possession of.：占有拥有；其他短语表达有误。 二. 完型填空： 本文叙述的是作为一名战地记者所经历的危险以及在战场上面对危险时战地记 者的内心经历与感受。 1. D 从上句可知这一句仍然是否定的递进关系，此句意为：你不是一名士 兵，甚至不能带枪。 2. D 从第二段的第一句话可知：这是战地记者的工作。表示“镜头、摄像 机” 。 3. B TV viewer 指“电视观众” 。 4. A 从第一段可知这种工作应该是很危险的。 5. C 此句说的是在毕争的头二年，前南斯拉夫有 28 名记者和摄影师丧生。 B 项：打架，争斗。 6. A 由前一句的 killed 这个词可以推断出有数以百计的人受伤。 7. A 此句的意思：什么人把自己置于危险中却