英语：Unit 2《Poems》Grammar-虚拟语气(新人教版选修6)

Book6Unit2PoemsGrammar,虚拟语气(二),TheSubjunctiveMood,虚拟语气的考点1、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法；2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法；5、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。,Revision,1.虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法2.wish引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气3.wouldrather引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气4.由without等词引导的含蓄虚拟条件句,1.虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法,did/were,Would/should/could/might+do,haddone,would/should/could/might+havedone,would/should/could/mightdo,did/shoulddo/weretodo,IfI_(be)freenow,I_(travel)aroundtheworld.,were,wouldtravel,没有你的帮助，我就不会完成这项工作,Iwouldnthavefinishedthework.,Without/Butforyourhelp,_,IfI_(go)toTomsbirthdayparty,Yesterday,I_(meet)herthere.,hadgone,wouldhavemet,Ifit_(notrain)inthemorning,I_(be)inthetownnow.,hadnotrained,wouldbe,Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnthaveeatensomuchwatermelon.,Hadhetakenmyadvice,hewouldnthaveeatensomuchwatermelon.,改为倒装句,2.wish引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气,did/were,had+过去分词,would/could/might+动词原形,IwishI_(notmake)suchafoolishmistake.IwishI_(be)abird,Icouldflyfreelyinthesky,Hadntmade,were,2020/6/3,Iwouldrather_.我宁愿他们明天来。Iwouldratherthatyou_我宁愿你没有说过这句活,3、wouldrather后的宾语从句,wouldratherthat,与现在事实相反did/were与过去事实相反haddone与将来事实相反did/were,theycametomorrow,hadntsaidit,2020/6/3,虚拟语气(二)theSubjunctiveMood,一.表示要求,命令,建议的宾语从句虚拟语气,一个坚持_两个命令_三个建议_四个要求_,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。从句中的动词使用should+动词原形,或者将should省略。Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)trytolosehisweight.Heinsistedthatwe(should)tellhimthenews.,insist,order,command,advise,suggest,propose,demand,require,request,desire,suggest表示“暗示，表明”，insist表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，其后宾语从用用陈述语气。Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe_(be)illandwesuggestedthatshe_(send)tohospitalatonce.Heinsistedthatthelady_(steal)hiswalletandthatshe_(take)tothepolicestationatonce.,注意,was,一句巧辨,(should)besent,stole,(should)betaken,2.Itssuggested(ordered,demanded,proposed,commanded,requested,desired,insisted,required)that后面的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气，也以(should)+v原.的形式出现。,ItsorderedthatonlyGerman(should)betaughtatschoolsinthearea,Itsrequestedthatallthestudents(should)wearschooluniformsatschool.,3.以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，即(should)+v原.,Mysuggestionisthatyou(should)gohomeatonce.(表语从句）,Hisrequestthathiscost(should)bepaidbythehouriscompletelyreasonable.(同位语从句),Myadviceisthatyou(should)practisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible表语从句,2020/6/3,练习：1.Itisdemandedthathe_.根据要求，他星期五动身前往加拿大。2.ItissuggestedthattheEnglishevening_.有人建议，英语晚会周六举行。,（should)leaveforCanadaonFriday,（should）beheldonSaturday,4.Itsnecessary/strange/natural/important/impossible/surprising+that-Clause等表达一种“情绪、观点”的形容词，其从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形,Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.掌握一门外语是重要的Itisstrangethatshe_(refuse)tocometotheparty.她居然拒绝来参加聚会，真奇怪Itsnecessarythatwe_(study)hard.,refuse,shouldstudy,2020/6/3,以asif、asthough（就好像，似乎，仿佛）引出的方式状语从句，如果表示真实情况应该用陈语气；如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气,其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟形式相同。即,二、asif，asthough引导的从句,现在：过去：将来:,did/were(现在),haddone(过去),would+动词原形(将来),asif/asthough+主语,区别：当evenif,asif/though从句所表示的情况发生的可能性较大时，须用陈述语气。Illgoevenifitrains.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.,HespeaksEnglishasif/thoughheisfromtheUSA.陈述语气,HespeaksEnglishasif/thoughhewerefromtheUSA.虚拟语气,Shelovesthestudentasifhewereherownson.Thelittleboyknowssomanythingsasifhe_（be)aman.那个小男孩懂得那么多事情，好像他是一个大人Heactedasusualasif/thoughnothing_(happen).,were,hadhappened,2020/6/3,三、由ifonly（要是，那该多好啊！）引导的感叹句。其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟形式相同,IfonlyIhadpassedthetestyeterday！Ifonlyitstoppedrainingnow！比较ifonly与onlyifonlyif表示只有；ifonly则表示如果就好了。Ifonly也可用于陈述语气。Iwakeup_thealarmclockrings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。_thealarmclockhadrung.当时闹钟响了，就好了。_hecomesearly.但愿他早点回来。,onlyif,Ifonly,Ifonly,2020/6/3,Itis(high)timethat后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed.Itishightimethat_.该是我们吃午饭的时候了。Itistimethat_.该是他下决心的时候了。,四、Itis(high)timethat,wehadourlunch,hemadeuphismind,I_toyouassoonasIgotthere,butIwastoobusytodoso.=I_toyouassoonasIgotthere，butIwastoobusytodoso.,五.虚拟语气在表示过去“计划、希望、打算、期望”等意义的动词的过去式(expected,hoped,intended,meant,promised之后,should/wouldlike)+tohavedone，或should/wouldhavelike)+todo表示希望、打算、期望做的事没有做。这些动词的过去完成式或接不定式的一般式也表达同样的意思。,我原想一到那儿就给你写信，但我太忙了，就没有写。,meanttohavewritten,hadmeanttowrite,Itisstrangethat_.他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。Itisagreatpitythat_.他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。Itisnaturalthat_.鸟在树上安歇是很自然的。,he(should)sayso,he(should)thinkso,abird(should)restintrees,练习,1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,1.WesuggestedthatTom,2.HeinsistedthatIpresent.,4.Theyrequestedthatwe,3.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners,shouldhavearest.,(should)be,Shouldbekilled,thenextday.,shouldsendthem,toworkthere.,3）.asif/asthoughHespeaksEng