高中英语 知识点总结 新人教版必修1

龙文教育学科教师辅导讲义课 题高一上短语总结教学目标掌握重要短语和语法点。重点、难点容易混淆和记错的短语。考点及考试要求对所学短语有一个全面的掌握，从而从容应对考试。教学内容高一英语上英语词组和语法重难点1What is sb. like? / What does sb. look like？/What does sb. like? /How does sb like/find sth?2. argue with sb. about sth 因和某人争执4. so / nor/ neither + 系动助动情动+ 主语 （什么时候用：So it is with.; It is the same with. ）5. be into 对深感兴趣 =be interested in; have/show interest in /be fond of 喜欢 = care for; /like; enjoy;6. surf the internet 上网冲浪；imagine (sb/sbs) doing sth / imagine sb to be 想像某人是；cast away 抛弃8. sothat/suchthat 如此以致 之间的区别。10. survive the crash 在空难中幸存；all alone = all by oneself ；alone 单独的；独自的 lonely 孤独的；寂寞的；荒凉的；13. hunt for 搜寻 寻找 search for; make fire 生火13in order to 为了 so as to; in order that; so that之间的区别。14even though/even if 即使，纵然 as if / as though 好像15treatas把当作 regard.as.; think of.as ；consider.as/to be16share sth. with sb. 与分享 share (in) sth 分享17care about/for 关心，照顾，喜欢18should have done 本来应该 =ought to have done ；shouldnt have done 本不应该做。19make friends with 与交朋友20such as，for example（for instance），that is to say之间的区别。23. be loyal to; be faithful to；be devoted to 忠诚于（其中to都是介词）24. be quick in mind and action 思维敏捷行动迅速25. have fun； enjoy oneself; have a wonderful time 玩的开心，过得愉快；27keepin mind 把记住 learn.by heart; remember28in error / by mistake 由于错误或疏忽；tie up (ones hair) 扎起来= do up30run into 偶然遇见; 遭遇；与.相撞= come across; meet by chance; happen to meet31be proud of 以而感骄傲= take pride in32run a restaurant 开餐馆 start a restaurant run a business 做生意33skip classes 逃课；keep an eye on 照顾; 注视；stare at 盯着看34make fun of 取笑某人; laugh at35. It is possible (for sb) to do; It is possible/probable/likely that；Sb. + is (most) likely to do sth；Sth. + is probable36be curious about 对感到好奇；have the curiosity about39. despite = in spite of 尽管；不管 = regardless of；though/ although 之间的区别。1. for the first time 第一次；首先 at first; first of all4. at all（否定：根本；疑问：到底；条件：竟然）；above all 首先；首要的；after all 毕竟；in all 总共=in total；All in all = in short=in a word= to sum up 一句话，简言之，总而言之；5. make oneself at home 不拘束，别客气7. all around the world=throughout the world ；the majority of 大多数的；the minority of少数的；10. the number of 的数量(用large; small修饰，谓语动词单数) ；a number of许多，谓语用复数；11. except （除去）指在整体中除去行为未发生者 （不包括在内）。except for (除了有之外)指在一个整体中除去其中某个或某些因素，前后两个名词性质不同。except that (除去；除掉) 后接从句，还有except when, except what; except where等。besides (除了还) 包括在整体之内。but (除了.之外) 和except 同义，与否定词或疑问词连用。11. communicate with sb. 与交流，联络；have a good knowledge of 对很熟悉；通晓；Ask sb (not) to do sth；Tell sb (not) to do sth；Order sb (not) to do sth；help sb. with sth ；help sb do sth; help do sth; 帮助 /assist sb with sth; assist sb to do sth; assist in doing sth. 协助某人做.14. stand still 站着不动; stay still; lie still15. leave the door open 让门开着；leave the light on；让灯亮着 leave sb doing sth任凭.做；leave. alone 听任.；任凭；16. turn down up the radio；turn up 出现 turn down 拒绝 turn off / on；turn in 上缴；turn out 结果是；被证明是17. stay up 熬夜；不睡觉 stay the same = remain the same. 保持不变18. come about 发生；happen; take place; break out20. in the same way 用同样的方式 in different ways 不同 in this way 这样 in no way 决不 in the way 挡道；妨碍 out of the way 不挡道 in a way 在某种程度上；在某一点上 on the way 在路上；即将发生 by the way 顺便说/问一下； by way of 经由；经过22at the same time 同时 =meanwhile23. end up with 以.（形式）告终 begin/start with / end in failure 以失败而告终；24. more or less 或多或少；25. have difficulty/trouble in doing sth 做某事有困难26. a great many; many a; a great number of (可数)；（之前总结过的笔记一起复习）a great many factories 区分 a great many of the factoriesa great deal of; a large amount of; (不可数)a large quantity of; large quantities of; plenty of; lots of 27. bring in 带来; 引进 bring out 出版；生产；揭露 bring about 引起；导致 bring up 抚养；培养29. shut up 闭嘴；pass away 去世31promise sb to do sth 答应某人做某事 promise that/ make a promise; make a decision 做出决定33. marry sb; 与某人结婚 get married to sb/ be married to sb; at least 至少 at most 最多；chat on line 网上聊天；37. stay in touchkeep in touch with sb.= keep track of保持联系get in touch with;取得联系 lose touch with失去联系38. because of 区分because / thanks to 多亏as a result of 由于.的结果due to 由于，因为owing to由于；因为39. not only. but also. （用于句首时，前句倒装）Not only did Xiaohua learn a lot of English from her Canadian teacher, she also became very interested in Canada. (前句倒，后句不倒)Not only the students but also the teacher doesnt understand this sentence. (并列主语，不倒装，谓语就近一致)40. as many as; as much as 和.一样多；as much money as；His son is as naughty a boy as he used to be when he was young.41. in the name of 以.的名义；take .into consideration 顾及，考虑到 /under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中2. means of transportation/transport 交通方式（means是单复数同行）Every possible means has been tried/ All possible means have；by all means 不惜一切 =in all ways；by this means 用这种方法 =in this way；by no means 决不；一点也不=in no way by means of 通过，借助于 = by；3. in time 及时;早晚;总有一天；on time 准时；in no time 马上；at that time 那时；at times 有时；for the time being 暂时的；4. prefer sth / to do sth / sb to do sth 更喜欢；较喜欢prefer doing A to doing；prefer A to B = like A better than B；prefer to do A rather than do B；5. in space 在太空 in outer space 在外部空间；get away (from) 摆脱；离开 break away from 脱离；get rid of 去除；8. instead of 代替；而不是（区分：instead）rather than9. try doing 试验做；try to do sth 努力去做；试图作；manage to do sth = succeed in doing sth设法做到了某事；attempt to do sth; make an attempt to do sth 企图做某事10. get close to 靠近；接近；experience C. n 经历；U. n.经验；12. take exercise 进行锻炼=have sports; do sport；exercise C. n 练习题 (pl) 体操；U. n 锻炼；13. go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行；go rafting 去漂流；watch out（for.）留神；提防；15. protect from/against 保护免受16. be careful (not) to do sth小心(不)做某事 be careful about注意 be careful with小心处理；be careful of小心,当心17. as to / for 至于；关于；think about 考虑 think of 想到，想起 think over 仔细考虑 think out 想出20. unless = if not 除非.否则. You should not go rafting unless you know how to swim.(条件)区分：until You must not get off the bus until it has stopped.(时间)现在进行时表示将来的计划，打算 How are you getting to the airport?一般现在时表示时刻表的将来 My plane leaves at seven this evening.21. go on separate holidays 分别去度假22. in a few daystime = in a few days =a few days later 几天后；after 和 in 的区分23. go off to ； be off to 动身去 leave for;24. see sb off 给某人送行 meet sb 接某人25. take a taxi to 乘出租车 go to .by taxi26. have a nice / pleasant trip/journey 祝旅途愉快27. say “Hi” to sb. for me 代我向某人问好 give my regards to sb / remember me to sb.28. The same to you. 我也祝愿你。 对比： Its the same with. .也一样Its all the same to sb 对某人而言是一样的。 / I have the same pencil bag as yours/ you have.29. in the past 在过去 in the old days30. at present 目前; at the present time; nowadays31. in the future 在未来；将来 in future 以后32. used to do sth 过去常做某事 /be used to do sth 被用来做 be used for (doing) sth/be used to sth/doing sth 习惯于 get used to doing33. combinewith 把和结合起来 (为了共同目的合并) connect.with/to. 把.和.连接起来 （通过媒介物连接） link.with/to join.to. （直接连接）34. on (the) one hand , on the other hand 一方面, 另一方面.35. so that = in order that 为了； 以便36. learn about 了解； 学习有关知识37. as well as =and 也； 又；以及 as well = too38. by doing sth. 通过作某事 by means of doing39. make money 挣钱； 赚钱 earn money40. the four of you 你们四个人 four of you 你们其中的四个人41. prepare ( sth) for. 为做准备. get ready for / prepare sb for sth 使某人为某事做好准备be well prepared (for); 为.做好了充分的准备=be ready for make preparations for 为.做准备42. make notes 做笔记 take notes43. take off （飞机）起飞；脱掉（衣帽鞋）44. go on holiday 去度假 go to (a place) for a holiday45. fillwith 给充满 be filled with; be full of 充满了46. the way (in which/that) + 定语从句 the/a way of doing sth = the/a way to do sth 做某事的方法47. catch up with 赶上 keep up with 跟上；不落后48. reach out (for sth) 伸手去（拿，碰）49. pay attention to 注意 focus ones attention on call /draw/attract ones attention to 吸引某人的注意力于50. give away 赠送， 放弃， 泄漏（机密） give up 放弃 give in (to sb) 屈服 give out 分发；发出（光，热，气，味等） give off 发出（光，热，气，味等）51. come up with 提出；想到（主意）；put up with live up with1. talk about 谈论； 议论 talk with sb; talk of 提到2. host the 2020 Olympic Games 举办2000年奥运会3. take place = come about; happen 发生4. be caught in (a rain; a traffic jam; the earthquake) 偶然遇上（雨，交通堵塞,地震等）5. create a dialogue = make up a dialogue 编对话6. play tennis 打网球7. for fun = as a joke 开玩笑的；不是认真的；为了取乐的8. I hope so. I hope not.9. shout /call for help 呼救10. go on (a) holiday 去度假 go to/for a holiday on holiday 在度假11. on fire 着火 catch fire 着火；set fire to=set.on fire 纵火 make fire 生火12. Im afraid of +n. 害怕 Im afraid that. 担心 Im afraid to do sth 不敢做某事 Im afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 Im afraid so. 恐怕是这样 Im afraid not. 恐怕不会。13. a natural disaster 自然灾害14. hear/see sb. doing sth 听见/看见某人正在做某事hear/ see sb do sth 听见/看见某人做过某事 (五看二听一感觉)15. look around 环顾； 四处看16. advance towards 朝前进17. before +从句 还没来得及.18. be upon 逼近； 临近19. sweep sb down 把.冲到了20. drag拖拉（重物）（比较艰难缓慢有阻力）drag oneself along拖着沉重的步子走pull 拉；扯（应用范围比较广）pull a tooth 拔牙 pull the door open 拉开门 pull at 拉扯 pull up 拉起来；拉上来draw 拉（比较从容、平稳不费力） draw ones attention 吸引注意；draw a conclusion 得出结论 draw back 后退 draw money from bank 从银行取钱 draw near 就要来临；逼近21. get on ones feet （艰难的）站起来 get up; stand up22. hold on to 抓住23. pull up 拉起来； 拉上来24. against the wall 倚着墙25. fight for 为而战 struggle for 为而斗争26. look into 往里面看； 浏览； 调查 look into ones eyes 注视着某人 stare at; fix ones eyes on; look sb in the mirror 照镜子 look sb up and down 上下打量某人20. with a look of fright 害怕的； 恐惧的21. around the corner 即将来临，on its way; draw near； in store22. cut down 砍倒;削减 cut up 切碎 cut off 切断 cut in 插嘴;加塞 cut out 删除;剪下来 cut away 剪掉23. three meters deep 三米深 three metres in depth a three-meter-deep hole = a hole of three meters deep24. sweep away (风) 吹走； （浪） 卷走； sweep down 吹倒； 席卷； 冲倒25. work out 计算出；想出（办法）；制定（计划）； work at 从事；致力于 work on 继续工作；从事于26. refer to 指的是； 谈到；提到；查阅定语从句：限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句27. strike，普通用词，“打一下；打几下”，不一定有意；“敲钟”。 hit，“击中，打，对准”，着重敲打或打击对方的某一点 beat，连续的打击; 如殴打或体罚等；游戏竞赛战争中击败 knock 敲；打 ；撞击29. seize/grasp/take/grab an opportunity/chance抓住机会；by chance 偶然30.区分：pay; cost; spend; take32take a photo of sb / sb doing sth 给照相34. a two-day trip 一次两天的旅行36. on the morning of April 18th, 190637. as a result of =as a consequence of由于的结果34. A +动词/be + ten times larger than+B 比大十倍A +动词/be +ten times as large as+B 是的十倍A +动词/be +ten times the size of+B 是的十倍 (number/amount/height/length/depth/width/age)1. while still a student = while she was still a student 还是个学生的时候（状语从句的省略现象）(you) Dont talk while (you are) eating.When (he was) asked how he gained first place, he suddenly became cheerful.The boys will go out to play football whenever (it is) possible.I wont go to his birthday party unless (I am) invited.2. play/act a role 扮演角色 play the role of. play a part/role in. 在.中起作用3. after graduating/graduation (from.) 毕业以后4. work as an actress 做演员5. during/in the 1980s 二十世纪八十年代6. win a prize 获奖 win a game/a battle/honour beat/defeat sb 打败某人 win sb. 把某人争取过来7. get married (to sb); 结婚（瞬间）=marry sb. be married (to sb) 结婚（延续）7. in the beginning = at first 开始的时候 反义；in the end = at last; finally; eventually 最后8. make money 赚钱 earn money9. make a film blockbusterfollow-ups 拍电影/巨片续集10. The reasonis that. 原因是 This is because. 这是因为.for this reason ; for some reason; for some reasons / the reason for +n./doing sth / the reason why/ for which. 定语从句reason 与 cause 的区别 cause of the fire/accident11. work on 从事于； 制作12. take off 起飞；脱掉；很快上升; 开始流行畅销13. by the sea 在海边； by sea 乘船； in the sea 在海里 on the sea 在海面上 at sea 在海上；航海中；茫然14. be afraid to do sth 不敢作某事 be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 be afraid that 担心；恐怕15. come from outer space 来自外部空间16. cuttearinto pieces 把切撕成碎片 cut/tear . into halves 把.切/撕成两半17. do research (in/into.) 搞研究18. go wrong 出错；出故障；走错道 do a little wrong19. in the end 最后；终于 at the end of在末尾尽头 by the end of 到末为止19. meat-eating dinosaurs 食肉恐龙20. owe sth to sb. = owe sb sth 把归功于；感谢；欠（债）21. cant help doing sth 情不自禁， 忍不住做某事 cant help do sth 不能帮忙做某事22. pass the exam 考试及格 fail (in) the exam 考试不及格23. a thirteen-year-old girl 十三岁小姑娘 a girl of thirteen years old; a girl of thirteen years of age; a girl aged thirteen24. stay/be away for a month 离开一个月25. take ones place; take the place of 代替26. lock up 把锁起来27. run after 追赶； 追求； 追捕 be after28. escape (from). 从.逃离 escape from / flee (from) /run away from a countryescape doing sth ； /escape being caught 没有被抓住 / catch sb doing sth; be caught doing sth29. run away from school 逃学 skip classes30. determine to do sth；make up ones mind；decide /be determined to do sth 决意/ 决心做某事31. go to town 进城 in town 在城里 go to the country / in the country32. on the air 正在广播; 播送 =be broadcast go on the air 开始广播 go off the air 停止广播in the air在空中; (消息等)在传播, 悬而未决的 by air = by plane33. live adj 活的（动物）； 现场直播的； adv. 以实况的living adj 活着的； 有生命的；现行的（前置定语；表语）alive adj 活着的， （ 后置定语； 表语）a living language 现行的语言 the greatest living poet 当代最伟大的诗人 a live fish 活鱼 the live gala on New Years Eve 直播的新年除夕晚会 the only man alive 唯一还活着的人34. all the other pupils 所有其他学生35. together with 和一起36. in ones own words 用自己的话 in other words 换句话说37. make comments on / make a comment on 对发表评论38. give ones opinions about 对发表意见39. think highly/well of =speak highly of40. encourage sb to do sth39. lead to + n. 通往；导致 result in; cause sb to do sthlead sb to do sth 导致某人作某事 lead to sb doing sth lead sb (in) doing sth; 带领某人做 lead sb + 介词短语40. make/earn a living 谋生41. at a high /low price 以高/低价42. make a decision 做出决定43. accept ones apology 接受某人的道歉 apologize to sb; make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉44. break down 出故障； 坏了；分解 break up 拆散45. at full / high speed 高速 at a speed of 100 miles per hour speed up 加速 speed by 飞驰而过46. the World Cup Final 世界杯决赛47. think highly/well of 对高度评价 speak highly of48. observe / obey the law 遵守法律 break the law49. give sb a second look 再看某人一眼50. make a fool of sb 愚弄某人 = fool sb.51. turn out 结果变成52. depend on / rely on 依靠， 依赖53. stand by sb 支持某人 support sb /take sbs side54. meet with 遇见55. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人干某事56. lead the life of a real princess 过上真正的公主生活57. make ones career 在事业上有所成就58. be clear about 对清楚59. combine .with把和结合起来60. comparewith把和比较 compare.to. 把.比作. compared to/with 与.相比Compared to men, fewer women smoke in China.1. apologize to sb. for sth/doing sth 因向道歉 make an apology to sb. for sth/ doing sth2. mean + n./doing sth 意思是；意味着mean +n. /to do sth/ that-clause 打算；意欲；有的意图 mean sb to do sth. 打算（使让）某人作某事He meant no harm to you. / He meant you no harm. / He means his son to become a doctor.3. for the first time “第一次” (作状语) On that day the scientist took us to the lab for the first time.the first time “第一次”(相当于连词引导时间状语从句) The first time we met, she wore a pair of glasses.This is the first time that. “这是第次作某事了” (从句中用完成时) This is the first time that I have been here.This was the first time that. “这是第次作某事了” (从句中用过去完成时)4. make / leave / create a good impression （on sb） 留下好印象 impress on sb5. be impressed by/with 对.留下印象6. drink a toast 祝酒 drink to+n. 为.干杯7. start with = begin with 以开始 end up with 以结束 end in failure8. keep silent 保持沉默9. for a moment(一会儿); in a moment（过一会儿）;at the moment（此时）;after a moment（过了一会儿）for the moment（暂时）; at any moment（随时）10. at the table 在桌前 at table 在吃饭 /in the hospital / in hospital /in the prison / in prison /go to the prison /go to prison /in the church / in church / go to the church / go to church /go to the school / go to school11will 作情态动词,表意愿,决心,可用于if条件句中Youd better not drink too much if you drive home after the party. / He will come to see you if he has time.If you will turn down the TV. There is really too much noise. / If you will read the book, I can lend it to you.11. all the time 一直12. drink to sbs health / drink to sb.13. raise ones glass 举杯14. take a sip 呡一小口15. change over time 经过一段时间16. follow the fashion of the day 跟随时尚17. lay the table 摆桌子18. serve the dishes上菜 serve the people为人民服务serve in the army服役This restaurant serves Chinese food.(供应)19. mixwith 把和混合 be mixed with20. extra information 额外信息21. leave out 省略22. wish you all the best = best wishes for you.23. look forward to +n./doing 盼望;期盼24. stare at 盯着看25. pay the bill 买单；付帐单 May I have the bill, ple