英语：Grammar and Usage课件(新人教版必修1).ppt

Grammarandusage,PresentPerfectTense现在完成时&PresentPerfectContinuousTense现在完成进行时,Form:have/has+done,PresentPerfectTense,PartA,Theboyisveryhappy.Theboy_(catch)abird.,(Connectionwiththepast:Theboycaughtabird.Connectionwiththepresent:Theboyishappy.),hascaught,Look,thewindowisopen.Ericopenedthedoorjustnow.Eric_(alreadyopen)thewindow.(Connectionwiththepast:Ericopenedthewindow.Connectionwiththepresent:Thewindowisopen.),hasalreadyopened,Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutthingsthathappenedintherecentpast,butareconnectedtothepresent.,Summary(1):,haslived,Daniel_(live)inBeijingsincehecametoChina.(Connectionwiththepast:DanielcametoChina.Connectionwiththepresent:DanielislivinginChina.),Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutsomethingthatstartedinthepast,andisstillhappeningnow.camehaslived_pastnowfuture,Summary(2):,Theboysaretired.They_(justplay)aballgame.(Connectionwiththepast:Theboysplayedaballgame.Connectionwiththepresent:Theboysaretired.),hasjustplayed,Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutactionsthatwerecompletedonlyashorttimeago.,Summary(3):,IwenttoEgyptin1986.IwenttoEgyptin2004.I_(be)toEgypttwice.,havebeen,Wecanalsousethepresentperfecttenseforrepeatedactions.,Summary(4):,_itever_(snow)inHongKong?No,it_never_(snow)there.,Hassnowed,hassnowed,Weusethepresentperfecttensewhentheexacttimeofanactionisnotclearorimportant.Weuseitwithtimeexpressionssuchas:already,ever,for,just,lately,never,recently,since,yet,Summary(5):,Weusealreadyforaffirmativestatementsandyetfornegativestatementsandinterrogativesentences.2.Weusefor+aperiodoftimeandsince+apointoftime.3.Structuresconnectedwiththepresentperfecttense:1)Itis(hasbeen)+aperiodoftime+since-clause.2)This(That/It)isthefirst(second)time+that-clause(presentperfecttense).3)This(That/It)istheonly+that-clause(presentperfecttense).4)This(That/It)isthebest/finest/mostinteresting+that-clause.,Notes:,Exercises:MyfriendJackhasjustsentmeane-mail,tellingmeabouthistravelsaroundtheworld.He(1)_(justbe)toQomolangmaBaseCampand(2)_(see)aYetithere.Heisstillveryexcitedaboutit.He(3)_(visit)theGreatPyramidinEgypttoo.Hesaysthathe(4)_(love)Egyptbuthe(5)_(notvisit)allthepyramidsyet.He(6)_(swim)inLochNess,butluckilyhe(7)_(nevermeet)theLochNessMonster!He(8)_(dive)intheIndianOceanmanytimeslookingfortreasure.Althoughhe(9)_(find)manysunkenships,he(10)_(notfind)anytreasure._(11)he_(be)totheGreatWallbefore?ImnotsurebutIhave!,saw,hasvisited,loves,hasntvisited,hasswum,hasnevermet,hasdived,hasfound,hasntfound,Has,been,hasjustbeen,PresentPerfectContinuousTense,PartB,Form:have/has+been+doing,Theboystartedhavingdinnerfiveminutesago.Heisstillhavingdinnernow.Theboy_(have)dinnersincefiveminutesago.,hasbeenhaving,Themanstartedworkinginthefieldhalfanhourago.Heisstillworkingnow.Theman_(work)inthefieldforhalfanhour.,hasbeenworking,Summary1:,1.Weusethepresentperfectcontinuoustensetotalkaboutactionsthatstartedinthepastandarestillcontinuing.IhavenotbeensleepingwellsinceIreturnedhome._pastpresent,notbeingabletosleepwell,Imstillnotsleepingwell.,Ireturnedhome.,Summary2:,Wealsousethepresentperfectcontinuoustensetotalkaboutactionsthathavejustfinishedbutarestillconnectedtothepresentinsomeway.Kelly:SorryImlate.Haveyoubeenwaitinglong?Mavis:Yes.Ivebeenwaitingforanhour._pastonehouragopresent,MavisstartedwaitingforKelly.,Kellyarrives.,comparison,Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactioncompletedintherecentpast,andthepresentperfectcontinuoustenseforanactionthatstartedinthepastandisstillhappening.,Comparison,LiJia_(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(Shefinishedreadingthebook.)LiJia_(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(Sheisstillreadingthebook.),hasread,hasbeenreading,2.Wecanusethepresentperfecttenseforrepeatedactions,thepresentperfectcontinuoustensefornon-stopactions.,I_Egyptmanytimes.(repeatedactions)Theman_(skate)thismorning.(non-stopaction),hasvisited,hasbeenskating,3.Weusuallyusethepresentperfecttensetoaskquestionsbeginningwithhowmanyorhowmuch,andthepresentperfectcontinuoustensetoaskquestionsbeginningwithhowlong.,Howlonghaveyoubeenswimminginthelake?Howmanytimeshaveyouswuminthelake?,4.Wecanuseeitherastateverboranactionverbwiththepresentperfecttense.Weusuallycanonlyuseanactionverbwiththepresentperfectcontinuoustense.,1)Shehashadthepenfor2years.2)Shehaswrittenmanycompositionswiththispen.3)Shehasbeenwritingcompositionswiththispen.,stateverb,actionverb,actionverb,5.Weusethepresentperfecttense,notthepresentperfectcontinuoustense,withthewordslikenever,yet,alreadyandever.()IhavenevervisitedAmerica.()IhavealreadybeentoAmerica.()IhaveneverbeenvisitingAmerica.,1.Althoughhehaslivedwithusforyears,he_usmuchimpression.hadntleftdidntleaveC.doesntleaveD.hasntleft,Multiplechoice,D,2.Howcanyoupossiblymissthenews?It_onTValldaylong.A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.willbe,A,Multiplechoice,3.-_DadandVicky_married?A.Howlongwere,beingB.Howlong,haveC.Howlonghave,beenD.Howlongdid,get,C,Multiplechoice,4.Theoldcouplehavebeenmarriedfor40yearsandneveronce_witheachother.theyhadquarreledB.theyhavequarreledC.havetheyquarreledD.hadtheyquarreled,C,Multiplechoice,5.