英语国家社会与文化入门试卷

英语国家社会与文化 考试试卷（A卷）适用班级 考试时间 120 分钟学院 外国语 班级 学号 姓名 成绩 题号一二三四五六七八九十总分分数得分一、Fill in the following information gaps(20%)(1 point each)1.England is a highly _1_ country ,with more than 80% of its population living in cities ,and about 2% of the population working in agriculture.2.The first permanent settlement in North America was established, in todays _ 2 in the year of 1607 3.The American transcendentalist, _3_- published a startling book called Nature he claimed by studying and respecting to nature individual could reach a higher spiritual state without form religion .4.The U.S. federal government consist of the following three branches _4_, the legislative and the judicial .5.One advantage of corporation over sole proprietorship and partnership is that it has _5_,so investors risked only the amount of their investment and not their entire assets6.The best -known stock exchange is _6_located in Wall Street area of New York City7.WASP stands for _7_.8.The majority of the Catholics in the U.S. are descendants of immigrants from _8_,Italy and Poland.9. _9_ , they refer to the five novels written by Fennimore Cooper.10.A collection of poems written by_10_, it is a ground-breaking book. That is Leaves of Grass.11.An jazz music ensemble of musicians consists of two sections: the front line and _11_.12.M.B.A and G.R.E. stand for Master of Business Administration and _12_ in U.S. education. 13.In the U.S., B.A. and B.S. stand for Bachelor of Arts and _13_in higher education.14.The two most well known computer companies are IBM and_14_ in the United States. 15.In the 11th century Britain was invaded by a group of_15_ from northern France .16.Two Scottish cities which have a ancient and internationally respected universities _16_ and Glasgow.17.The Britain, the official head of state is now the King while the real center of political life is in _17_ .18.The British Constitution consists of _18_ ,the common laws and conventions.19.In jazz music major musical instrument include violin, _19_,piano,trombone , cymbal ,bell, hollow wooden block, chimes ,drum, guitar etc.20.In the American education , A.A. stands for _20_.得分二、Choose the correct answer for each of the following (35%)(1 point each)1. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modem development of Europe?A. The growth of capitalism.B. The Renaissance.C. The Religious Reformation.D. Tile spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.1.Who was the first to start the Religious Revolution that brought about the modern development of Europe?A. Martin Luther B. John Calvin C. John Locke D. John Adams3. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A. separation of state and church. B. respect of education.C. intolerant moralism. D. a sense of mission.4. The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly fromA. George Washington. B. Thomas Jefferson.C. John Adams. D. John Locke.5. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?A. Catholics. B. Puritans.C. Quakers. D. Church of England.6. Which of the following was NOT the cause that brought about the development of American Industrial Revolution.A. introduction of factory system B. system of mass productionC. construction of railroad D. religious liberty7.Service industry does not include_.A. Banking B. management consultationB. Airline C .steelmaking8. One of the problems with American agriculture that critics accuses both corporate and family farmers of damaging the _.A. tourism attraction B. environment C. cultural balance D. economic development9. The latest technology that farmers have adopted isA. artificial fertilizers B. pesticideC. tractors D. computers10. Which of the following was NOT a Protestant denomination?A. The Baptists. B. The Catholics.C. The Methodists. D. The Presbyterians.11. In the United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons exceptA. for finding a job in society.B. for having a place in a community.C. for identifying themselves with dominant values.D. for getting together with friends.12. Which of the following statements is NOT correct according to the American laws?A. American mainstream culture is based on Protestantism.B. Protestant Church is an established church by law in the U.S.C. The Catholic Church is the largest single religious group in the U.S.D. The largest church is of the Protestant faith in the U.S.13.Which of the following was written by Thoreau?A. Nature B. WaldenC. The Scarlet Letter D. The Fall of the House of Usher 14. _was mainly interested in writing about Americans living in Europe.A. Henry James B. Mark TwainC. William Dean Howells D. Stephen Crane15. Three of the following authors are Nobel Prize winners. Which one is not.A. Ernest Hemingway B. Eugene ONeillC. William Faulkner D. F. Scott Fitzgerald16._does NOT belong to the Lost Generation.A. John Dos Passos B. Ernest HemingwayC. F. Scott Fitzgerald D. John Steinbeck17. _was NOT written by Hemingway.A. Light in August B. The Sun Also RisesC. A Farewell to Arms D. For Whom the Bell Tolls18. The typical Christmas meal consists of _ with potatoes and other vegetables_ carrots and sprouts ,this is often followed by Christmas pudding.A. turkey B. cakes C. mince pies D. roast beef19.Both public and private Universities depend on the following sources of income except,A. investment B. student tuition C. endowments D. government funding20. The legislative branch of the U.S. consists of congress that is divided into:A. the House of Representatives and the SenateB. the House of Representative and the SenatesC. the House of commons and the House of LordsD. the House of Common and the House of Lord 21. In the U.S. ,Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?A. bribery B. tax evasionC. false advertising D. robbery22.Which of the following is not a team game?A. volleyball B. bowlingC. soccer D. field hockey23 According to the author, jazz music gains acceptance in all classes in American society because of the following reasons. Which is the exception?A. It initially appealed to the young and rebellious.B. Jazz musicians worked Indian American music into the music.C. Jazz music was made modified and became more refined.D.Both A and C.24. Blues was derived from a blend of field chantey and spiritual which isA. a form of rock n, roll singing popular among American teenagers.B. a form of operatic singing originated from Southern European countries.C. a form of country music singing.D. a form of hymn singing prevalent in African-American Christian churches.25. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London?A. The cultural centre. B. The business centre.C. The financial centre. D. The sports centre.26. Which of the following can NOT be found in London?A. Teahouses. B. Galleries.C. Museums. D. Theatres.27. The Tower Of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built byA. King Harold B. Robin HoodC. Oliver Cromwell D. William the Conqueror 28. The _provides a fair way for deciding whom to admit when then they have 10 or 12 applicants for every first year students seat in the U.S.A.SATS B.NBA C.NEE D.CBA29. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world forA. its most famous landmark, the Giants Causeway.B. its rich cultural life C. its low living standards D. its endless political problems 30. A masterpiece ,_ to explore certain moral themes such as guilt ,pride and emotional precession by Nathanial HawthorneA. The Scarlet Letter B. Catch -22 C. The Grapes of Wrath D. Moby Dick31. Which of the following about the House of Commons is NOT true?A. Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B. MPs receive salaries and some other allowances.C. MPs are expected to represent the interests of the public.D. Most MPs belong to the major political parties.32. _ made the first desktop PC.A. Thomas Edison B. Apple computers C. Tow tong amateur inventors D. Samuel F.B. More33. These _ and _ stand today as Wales great tourist attractions. Tourism is an important industry A. castles and estates B. Hadrians WallC. Giants Causeway D. Royal Pavilion34. The British Queen decided to open_ to summer tourists to raise money, which caused a lot criticism from the public.A. the Tower of London . B. British Museum.C. Buckingham Palace and Windsor Castle.D. Westminster Abbey 35. Louis Armstrong played the A . cornet. B. drum. C. clarinet D. piano.得分三、Give brief explanations of the following ideas (Choose 5 from 8 to present on the paper )(25%)(5 point each)1.the meaning of being an American according to Crevecoeur2.the Anglo-Saxons3.two immigration movements to the Americas 4.functions of British Parliament5.Three Faiths in the U.S. 6. the Lost Generation7.Jazz music8. the meaning of the poverty in the U.S.得分四、Analyze the roots that have favored the success of American business and industry(20%)英语国家社会与文化考试试卷（A卷）Key Answer一、Fill in the following information gaps(20%)(1 point each)1 .urbanized 2. Virginia3. Ralph Waldo Emerson 4 .the executive5. limited liability 6 .New York Stock Exchange7. the White Anglo-Saxon Protestant 8. Ireland9. the Letherstocking Tales 10. Walt Whitman 11. the percussion 12 .Graduate Record Examination13. Bachelor of Science 14. Apple15 .the Normans 16. Edinburgh17 .the House of Commons 18 .statute law19 .clarinet 20.Associate of Arts二、Choose the correct answer for each of the following (35%)(1 point each)1- 5 DAADA 6-10 DDBAB 11-15 ABBAD 16-20 DAAAA 21-25 DDDDA 26-30 ADADA31-35 ACACA三、Give brief explanations of the following ideas (Choose 5 from 8 to present on the paper )(25%)(5 point each)1 .the meaning of being an American according to CrevecoeurAccording to Crevecoeur the American was a new man with the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants. This new man left behind him all the ancient European traditions and received ones in the New World. In North America, all individuals were melted into a new race of the American. This new man acted upon new principles, entertained new ideas and formed new opinions.2. the Anglo-SaxonsThe Anglo-Saxons were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5th century . They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.3. two immigration movements to the AmericasThe American continents were peopled as a result of two long-continuing immigration movements, the first from Asia and the second from Europe and Africa.4 .functions of British ParliamentParliament has a umber of different functions. First and foremost ,it passes laws. Another important function is that it provides the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation . Its other roles are to scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day.5.Three Faiths in the U.S.By the 1950s, the three faiths model of American religion had developed. Americans were considered to come in three basic varieties: Protestant, Catholic and Jewish, the order reflecting the strength in numbers of each group.6.the Lost GenerationIn the aftermath of World War I, many novelists produced a literature of disillusionment. Some lived abroad. They were known as the Lost Generation. The two most representative writers of the Lost Generation were Hemingway and Fitzgerald.7.Jazz musicEarly jazz music first appeared in the Southern city of New Orleans at the end of the 19th century .It was a blend of folk music, Work chants, spirituals, marches , and even European classical music. A defining mark of this early New Orleans jazz was that a group of musicians improvising their notes in changing chords around a specific melodic line. All jazz bands use such instruments as a trumpet, a clarinet, a trombone, and percussion instruments like the drum, banjo, and guitars. Jazz developed into the 1920s with two different styles, namely, the Chicago style jazz and the New York style 8.the meaning of the poverty in the U.S.Poverty in the U.S. does not supplely mean that the poor do not live quite as well as other citizens. It means many old people eating dog and cat food to supplement their diets. It means malnutrition and deprivation for hundreds of thousands of children. It means greater susceptibility to disease, to alcoholism, to victimization by criminals, and to mental disorders. It often means unstable marriages, slum housing, illiteracy, ignorance, inadequate medical facilities, and shortened life expectancy. Poverty can mean low self-esteem, despair, and stunting of human potential.四、Analyze the roots that have favored the success of American business and industry (20%)No single factor is responsible for the successes of American business and industry. Bountiful resources, the geographical size of the country and population trends have all contributed to these successes. Religious, social and political traditions; the institutional structures of government and business; and the courage, hard work and determination of countless entrepreneurs and workers have also played a part.The vast dimensions and ample natural resources of the United States proved from the first to be a major advantage for national economic development. With the fourth largest area and population in the world, the United States still benefits greatly from the size of its inter