被动语态讲解.

.,被动语态,ThePassiveVoice,LiHongping,.,WhereisteaproducedinChina?AnxiandHangzhouarewidelyknownfortheirtea.Howisteaproduced?Teaplantsaregrownonthesidesofmountains.Theleavesarepickedbyhandandthenaresentforprocessing.Theteaispackedandsenttomanyplaces.,.,被打的豆豆,.,遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡觉，打豆豆。你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。,Doudouisalwaysbeatenbysomeone.,.,昨天晚上，夜黑风高，它又被打了。,Doudouwasbeatenyesterdayevening.,.,明天，豆豆还会面临n顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。Tomorrow,Doudouwillbebeatenseveraltimes.,.,可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。命运一直没有改变。PoorDoudouhasbeenbeatenformanyyears.,.,我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打。,Ourdeardoudouisbeingbeatennow.,.,随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。PoorDoudoumaybebeatenanytime.,.,英语动词有两种语态：主动语态(theActiveVoice)被动语态(thePassiveVoice),A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。,B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。,Weplantedthetree.,Thetreewasplantedbyus.,注：后面能接宾语的动词才有被动语态,.,WespeakEnglish.,主语,谓语,宾语,Englishisspokenbyus.,主语,谓语,宾语,主动语态,被动语态,Theycleanedtheclassroomyesterday.Theclassroomwascleanedbythemyesterday.,.,(一)被动语态基本用法:当动作的承受者比执行者更重要时；当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁时。,.,be+过去分词,(二)被动语态的基本结构:,有各种时态的变化,.,1.NowEnglish_bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword.A.speaksB.isspokenC.wasspoken,一般现在时的被动语态：主语+am/is/are+PP,.,2.Thelostboy_atthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor,一般过去时的被动语态：主语+was/were+PP,.,3.Moreman-madesatellites_inthefuture.A.willsendupB.willbesentupC.aresentup,一般将来时的被动语态：主语+will+be+PP主语+begoingto+be+PP,.,4.Threebridges_sincelastyear.A.havebuiltB.werebuiltC.havebeenbuilt,现在完成时的被动语态：主语+have/has+been+PP,.,5.Flowers_everyday.A.hasbeenwateredB.shouldbewateredC.shouldwater,含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+PP,.,1.一般现在时：is/am/are+及物动词的过去分词2.一般过去时：was/were+及物动词的过去分词3.现在/过去完成时：has/have/had+been+及物动词的过去分词4.一般将来时：will+be+及物动词的过去分词5.含有情态动词：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词6.现在进行时：am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词,歌诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面,找一找规律,.,1.规则动词的过去分词：,1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不规则动词的过去分词：,am,is,arewaswere,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,动词过去分词的变化:,.,(三)主动语态变被动语态:(1)把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;(2)把谓语动词变成被动结构(be过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。如：Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikes,inthefactory.,aremade,them,by,.,主变被步骤:,1.找宾语:即动作的承受者(改为主语),Hewashedhiscaryesterday.,Hiscar,3.判断新主语的单复数:确定be动词的单复数.,be,4.判断动词的时态:即be动词的时态.,2.修改谓语的语态:即be+原V.过去分词,washed,5.修改原句的主语:即by+主语(变宾格).,(byhim),yesterday.,iswas,was,.,1.Tombrokethewindow.Thewindow,2.Shebrokethewindows.Thewindows,3.Hecleanstheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroom,wasbroken,byTom.,werebroken,byher.,iscleaned,byhim,be动词的单复数变化:,everyday.,.,1.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkintendays.,willbefinished,(bythem),2.Theyaregoingtohaveashowtomorrow.,Ashow,isgoingtobehad,(bythem),tomorrow.,.,1.Amycantakegoodcareofthecat,Thecat,canbetakengoodcareof,byAmy.,2.Theyshouldsingsomebeautifulsongs.,Somebeautifulsongs,bythem.,shouldbesung,.,(四)被动语态的特殊情况:,1.在主动语态中,make,let,hear,see,watch,notice等词,其后跟省略to的动词不定式(动词原形),在变为被动语态时,必须还原动词不定式符号to.如:1)Weheardhimsingthissongintheroom.Hewasheardtosingthissongintheroom.2)Thebossmadehimwork14hoursaday.Hewasmadetowork14hoursaday.3)Iseehimwalktoschool.Heisseentowalktoschool.,.,Atrafficaccident_(happen)justnow.,happened,2.连系动词（Link.v.)如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become,PekingOpera_